ghasem oveisi fardoei

The present article is a theoretical analysis of the capability of Ibn Khaldun’s theory of “Rise and Fall” in explaining the state’s mechanism and its dynamics in the context of political modernity.
To answer this question, first, on the basis of some theoretical approaches to political modernity, properties, functions and concepts of modern political discourse are introduced, and then encountered with Ibn Khaldun's ideas and his political discourse.
Based on this theoretical analysis, this essay reveals that since the ideas of Ibn Khaldun, as a system of truth, are affected by the conditions and requirements of the society of his time and have nurtured in a peculiar social, political and economic context, theoretically in general and epistemologically and anthropologically in particular, they lack the necessary qualifications and capabilities for explaining the evolution and transformation of the modern state. Therefore, the efforts of some intellectual and even ideological circles to apply his ideas to the modern state, is only a waste of time and energy of the research programs on modernity and the modern society.

After two decades of the end of the Imposing War, still there are many families suffering from a plenty of pains have imposed by the war. Among the victims, Janbazan as objective and perdurable symbols of devotion and martyrdom discourse, have a significant position. Janbazan are faced with a diversity of problems and issues including "the Janbaz identity concern" and the challenges related to it.
The question of this article is that how they think about their Janbaz position and identity and its changes in comparison with the past. To evaluate and analyze this issue, using the qualitative methodology and interview technique, we gathered and compared the detailed comments of 32 Janbaz in Tehran.
The findings demonstrate that in their view, Janbaz literature has changed and in many cases, its sanctimony and dignity reduced to a set of compliments and media and propaganda discourse. In the society, new behavior patterns and ways of interpretations have developed which are incongruent with the devotion culture and its discourse. According to the results, nowadays the transformations in Janbaz and devotion value discourse led to a material and subsistence approach to the extent that this economical approach toward Janbazan overcomes the cultural attitude. This transformation has been added to their own and their families cultural concerns and social separation, especially their spouses and children.

The aim of this paper is to explain the Islamic Revolution of Iran based on Davis theory and suggest both advantages and limitations of this theory. More than three decades has passed since the triumph of the Islamic Revolution and the roots and causes of this revolution are still not adequately explored. Among the theories formulated to explain how revolutions happen, that of James Davies J curve has gained global popularity and due to high citation its importance is considerable. Despite this merit, applicability of this theory to the Islamic Revolution, is a matter of dispute among revolution researchers. The authors of the present paper have attempted to review the analyses provided by both advocates and opponents of the applicability of James Davis theory to the Islamic Revolution and adopted a reading provided by Ted Robert Gurr. Economic statistics published by the Plan and Budget Organization, economic reports published by Central Bank of Iran, and some other documents illustrate the capability of the mentioned theory to explain the Islamic Revolution considerably. However, the authors suggest that, Davies theory, due to its limitations, make clear some causes of Islamic Revolution, and to complete the explanation we need supplementary approaches, specially a cultural approach.