ghorban

To evaluate dry matter yield and phytochemical properties of two years old purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench] flower in intercropping with green beans and different summer time planting dates, a randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement with three replications was conducted in Research Farm of Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan in 2012-2013. Treatments included planting arrangements [coneflower and green bean monoculture, replacement intercropping planting with patterns of 1:1 and 2:2 ratio of coneflower: green beans], planting dates (June 30, July 30 and August 29), and cultivation of green beans in the spring of 2012 coincided with the emergence of coneflower.Results of the experiment showed that planting date of June 30 increased dry matter, caffeic acid derivates, total phenol and flavonoid contents of flower. Among the intercropping planting arrangements, patterns of 2:2 ratio of coneflower: green beans, increased flower dry matter. While the highest amount of cichoric acid, chlorogenic acid and echinacoside (29.3, 2.4 and 2.3 mg/g dry matter, respectively) were obtained in coneflower plants cultivated as sole crop. The maximum amount of total phenol and flavonoid contents of flower were detected in coneflower plants cultivated in June 30 and sole cropping pattern. Overall, it can be concluded that if the aim of cultivation of this plant is increasing production of caffeic acid derivatives, sole cropping is better than mixed cropping. However, for dry matter improvement, mixed cropping has more advantages. In addition, early cultivation of the crop is more suitable for caffeic acid derivatives and dry matter production than delayed planting.

The science of theology is from the ancient Islamic sciences, which was created almost with the advent of Islam. But philosophy came from Greece after many years of spreading Islam to the world, but its indigenous forms quickly developed by Islamic scholars. Perhaps the nativeization of philosophy can be regarded as one of the fruits of the influence of these two sciences on each other. Of course, the cause of this influence must be sought in the historical evolution of these two sciences. Today, the close relationship between philosophy and theology is such that few can deny this mixing. While this relationship should not be denied, it must be acknowledged that these two sciences have different distinctions in different fields. In the present article, it has been tried, in addition to a review of the subjects of these two sciences, the meaning of philosophical theology, historical background, features of the philosophical theology, some of theological issues in which they were used philosophically, and finally, by examination their differences and similarities are compared to philosophical theology with Islamic philosophy.

By rising of Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), it has been revolutionized medical sciences in fields of diagnostic kits and therapeutics drugs. One of well developed and increasing progressive field in immunoinformatic science is antibody bioinformatics. This field includes: designing of antibodies, modeling by different methods, refinement and affinity maturation, docking, humanization and reducing immunogenicity, stability, troubleshooting of structural degeredent and application of databases in industrial scale for drug-therapeutics and diagnostic usages. Antibody bioinformatics is one of complex and hardwork topics in highly profeesional designing which in near future will chage drug industry and diagnostics. Even now these drugs are introduced with this technique and using with high efficacy. Current review article explains on different aspects of bioinformatics and for first time tries to introduce Iranian researchers, engaged in different disciplines in basic biology sciences and pharmacology and its challenges.

The Balooch tribe constitutes about 4 percent of population in Golestan Province so they are often farmer and live in villages as a minority. The most important purpose in these researches to study the attitude of Balooch peoples toward having the social justice in comparison with other tribes and groups that constitute the population of Golestan Province that includes Turkmens, Sistani and Fars peoples. The research method is the field method and is based on survey attitude. The required information were gathered through the verified questionnaire that were answered by the peoples in the sample groups which consists of 400 peoples who were placed in this group using the cluster sampling method. The hypotheses had mainly the rating nature, regarding the measurement scale, and the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses as one of the inferential statistical techniques. The obtained results are as the following: (1) totally 71% of peoples in this group believe that there is a discrimination against them in having social justice in comparison to other tribes; (2) the amount of negative attitude of peoples in this group in social, developmental, cultural, hygienic, and educational aspects were 80%, 78%, 59%, 53% and 52% respectively.

The impact of global warming on climate change due to an increase in the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been proven in many natural systems. All of the general circulation models (GCM)of the atmosphere predict a warmer future for the planet Earth. Hydrological processes such as rainfall and river flows as main sources of water supply will be affected under such circumstances. Due to the low spatial resolution or simplification of some micro-scale phenomena in atmospheric GCMs, they cannot be employed for an accurate approximation of the climate of a certain area; therefore, their output must be downscaledto the specifiedmeteorological station’s domain. Therefore, the data generated by the Had CM3-GCM were downscaled applying theLARS-WG model under two scenarios A2 and A1B, and the parametersof daily rainfall, and theminimum and maximum temperature of the Sufi-Chi basin generated for three periods (2011-203, 2046-2065-, 2080-2099). The artificial neural networks and genetic programming of intelligent model were used to assess the climate change’s effects on runoff generation of the Sufi-chai Basin.The results indicate that rainfall will increase in the 2011-2030 period and will decrease thereafter. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum temperatures will generallyincrease in the three mentionedperiods; however, the runoff volumewill decrease in the future relative to the presenttime.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) TaqIB polymorphism is associated with changes in lipid profile and may be a risk factor for CAD in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CETP TaqIB polymorphism with CAD in patients with type 2 diabetes.
In this case-control study, 292 diabetic patients were divided into two groups based on angiography reports (150 participants with normal angiogram as the control group and 142 participants with more than 50% stenosis of at least one coronary artery as the case group). The CETP TaqIB genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. Fasting blood glucose was measured using glucose oxidase and lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol) by an enzymatic method.
There was no significant difference in the frequency of genotypes and alleles between the case group and controls (the control group: B1B1, 17.3%; B1B2, 63.3%; and B2B2, 19.3%; the case group: B1B1, 18.3%; B1B2, 64.1%; and B2B2, 17.6%) (P=0.92). In the control group, heterozygous participants (genotype B1B2) had higher levels of cholesterol compared with other genotypes (B1B1 and B2B2). Also, the patients with genotype B1B2 had significantly higher weight (P=0.013).
There is no significant correlation between CETP TaqIB polymorphism and the increased risk of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was launched aiming at evaluating the psychometric features (validity and reliability) of the Need for Closure Scale (NFCS) in high school students. Forthispurpose, 392 students (168 male and 224 female) of Shirazhigh schoolswere selectedby multistagecluster samplingmethod. They, then, responded to the self-report need for closure scale developed by DeBacker & Crowson. To assess the construct validityof thisscale, confirmatory factor analysi sandinternal consistency was used. Moreover, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was usedtoevaluate the reliability ofthe scale. Generally, the goodness of fit indices of the confirmatory factor analysis modelindicated a relatively goodfit ofthe datawith factor structure of the need for closure scale, after deleting some items, confirming the existence of preference for structure and preference for certainty as two components of need for closure. Also, internal consistency method indicates the construct validityof thescale. The Cronbach's alpha coefficientindicates thestability of themeasurement of the scale. Based onthese results, one can use the need for closure scale developed by DeBacker&Crowsonas an acceptablemeasurement toolin thestudyofhigh school students inside the country.

One of the most important approaches for policy making in order to biodiversity conservation and wildlife management is co-management of natural resources. Local stakeholders are one of the main elements in this approach. This is necessary to consider social network analysis in the framework of social-ecological systems toward biodiversity conservation and sustainable wildlife management. In this study، social network analysis and understanding key actors or social powers for implementation of co-management toward biodiversity and sustainable habitat management of Caucasian Black Grouse in Kharil village of Arasbaran area had discussed. The results illustrated key actors، social powers in environmental decisions. Also، according to in-degree and out-degree centrality، actors who have social power and dominance have revealed. Yo-Al actor has highest social power and Vahe-Eb actor has highest social dominance and also Ka-Gh actor has highest betweenens role in the study society. These actors will be outlined as local leaders in the process of ecosystem co-management in the study area. The outcomes of this research could be used for conducting co-management and biodiversity management action plan.

This study tries to measure political trust and political participation among students who are members of the Islamic Association and the student's Basij of Mazandaran University and Babol Noshirvani University of Technology. In addition the impact of political trust on political participation tested and studied. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Putnam's theory on the impact of trust on participation and cooperation. The total number of study size were 400 students. Among them 200 active members were estimated as sample size through Cochran's formula and they were selected through disproportionate stratified sampling method. The data was gathered through questionnaire. The results show that the mean of political trust and political participation of student members of the student's Basij is higher than the mean of political trust and political participation of student members of the Islamic Association. There is a significant and positive relationship between political trust and political participation. The result of bivariate linear regression shows that the impact of political trust on political participation is significant and it explains 37 percent of political participation variation. Though the impact of political trust on political participation is significant among members of the Islamic Association but its impact on political participation is not significant among members of the student's Basij.

The aim of this study was the examination and comparison of attitudes toward illness in schizophrenia, schizoaffective and major depression disorders without any psychotic features. For this purpose, seventy seven patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and major depression without any psychotic features were interviewed and assessed by Self-Appraisal of Illness Questionnaire (SAIQ). Among the above mentioned patients, the group of schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients in comparison to the patient with major depression without any psychotic features had more disclamation of illness, its outcomes and need for treatment with less worry about the illness. The schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients in comparison to the patients with major depression disorders are in greater level of unawareness, its outcomes and insight of the illness.