فهرست مطالب نویسنده:
gioia heravi
-
BackgroundPregabalin has shown remarkable antinociceptive effects in neuropathic pain; however, its efficacy against acute and visceral pain remained controversial.ObjectivesThe present study aimed at investigating the involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the antinociceptive effect of pregabalin in both acute and visceral pain using and comparing hot plate test and writhing test in male mice.MethodsNMDA (15 and 30 mg/kg), as an agonist or MK801 (0.02 and 0.05 mg/kg) as an NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, were injected intraperitoneally either alone or 15 minutes before a dose of pregabalin that produced almost 30% antinociception (100 mg/kg in hot plate test and 5 mg/kg in writhing tests). Then, the percentage of maximal possible effect (MPE%) at the 30th and 60th minutes in hot plate test and effect percentage (E%) in writhing test were measured and compared as antinociceptive indexes.ResultsIn hot plate test, pretreatment with MK801 (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased antinociceptive effect of 100 mg/kg pregabalin, but pretreatment with NMDA did not result in any effect. Pretreatment with MK801 in writhing test significantly increased the antinociceptive effect of 5 mg/kg pregabalin (In contrast to 30 mg/kg NMDA that significantly decreased it.). NMDA induced antinociception reduction or MK801 increased antinociception in writhing test were significantly higher than what was observed in hot plate test.ConclusionsOur results suggested that pregabalin antinociception in acute and visceral pain is mediated through NMDA receptors. Although this effect depends on the dose of NMDAR ligand, it is more pronounced in the behavioral response in the writhing test.Keywords: Pregabalin, NMDA, Antinociception, MK801, Writhing test, Hot Plate
-
BackgroundPregabalin as a new anticonvulsant has been used in different pain treatments..ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) ligands in antinociceptive effect of pregabalin in mice using tail flick..Materials And MethodsNMDA (15 and 30 mg/kg) as an agonist or MK801 (0.02 and 0.05 mg/kg) as an antagonist were injected intraperitoneally either alone or 15 minutes before antinociceptive dose of pregabalin (100 mg/kg). Then the latency times and %MPE were measured in the tail flick assay during 75 minutes..ResultsNMDA and MK801 had no effects alone. NMDA pretreatment significantly decreased the latency times of pregabalin till 75th minutes. In NMDA pretreated groups, %MPE30 unlike %MPE75 decreased significantly compared to those of pregabalin. MK801 delayed the latency times in pretreated groups, but %MPE30 and %MPE75 did not change significantly compared to pregabalin alone..ConclusionsOur findings support the role of NMDARs in pregabalin antinociception, because the NMDAR agonist, unlike the antagonist, decreased the antinociceptive effect of pregabalin, even if tail flick is not an adequate pain assessment method in this regard..Keywords: Leucylarginine, Pregabalin, MK801, NMDA, Tail Flick, N, Methyl, D, Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor
-
The development of combination therapy is a coherent approach in severe pain treatment. The present study investigated the antinociceptive effect of pregabalin alone and in combination with tramadol in acute pain modeling. Therefore, three groups of male mice received either pregabalin (1 to 400 mg/Kg), tramadol (10 to 80 mg/Kg) or their combination intraperitoneally. Then latency time, maximum possible effect (%MPE) and area under curve (AUC) were calculated in tail flick test. The antinociceptive indexes were significantly increasedin10, 100 and 200 mg/kg ofpregabalin while tramadol showed dose-dependentantinociception (effective dose 50% was 54 to 79 mg/Kg). The antinociceptive effect of 100 mg/Kg of pregabalin (%MPE = 35±4%) was similar to that of 50 mg/Kg of tramadol. The combination of non-analgesic doses (10 mg/Kg) of tramadol and pregabalin did not increase %MPE and AUC, but the co-administration of 30 mg/Kg of tramadol with pregabalin (10 mg/Kg) increased all antinociceptive indexes significantly compared to the controls and with each drug alone. In conclusion, pregabalin showed a comparable antinociceptive effect to tramadol. The increase in analgesic effect was observed after the combination of low analgesic doses of tramadol with pregabalin, while the combination of non-analgesic doses of each drug reversed the interaction to antagonism. Therefore to increase the analgesic effect in pain management, more attention should be paid to respecting right proportion of drug combination. Further studies that specify the mechanism(s) and statement of interaction are needed to expand these findings to clinical applications.Keywords: Pregabalin, Tramadol, Combination, Antinociception, Tail flick
-
BackgroundAddiction is one of the complicated problems in Iranian young population. The social and cultural dimensions of this social disease are less considered. So considering socio-cultural and environmental resources، this study investigated the substructures of addiction according to the viewpoints of high-school students of Kerman in 2007-2008.MethodsThis qualitative study accomplished in ten high schools through a one-day problem finding workshop and continued until data saturation. The resulted terms and phrases were analyzed by content analysis. To assure about the validity and reliability، the outputs reviewed by workshops participants، and classification and codification of the data were executed separately by two experts.FindingsA total of 212 students، (45. 3% girls and 54. 7% boys) participated in the study. The students introduced the followings as the addiction substantial fundaments: lack of knowledge، positive attitude and interpretation of addiction as a value، family or friends'' habit، economy status، psycho-personality problems and availability. Rules infirmity or non-implementation of the current rules enforcement، geographical status and addiction as a conspiracy were also observed in students’ statements.ConclusionThe positive attitudes and historical roots of addiction along with the process of changing the values caused the growth of drug addiction in young population which could neutralize the security measures، legislations policy and even the knowledge. Therefore، intensification of personal protective factors and culturalization addressed for improving inner layers of values are recommended.
بدانید!
- در این صفحه نام مورد نظر در اسامی نویسندگان مقالات جستجو میشود. ممکن است نتایج شامل مطالب نویسندگان هم نام و حتی در رشتههای مختلف باشد.
- همه مقالات ترجمه فارسی یا انگلیسی ندارند پس ممکن است مقالاتی باشند که نام نویسنده مورد نظر شما به صورت معادل فارسی یا انگلیسی آن درج شده باشد. در صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته میتوانید همزمان نام فارسی و انگلیسی نویسنده را درج نمایید.
- در صورتی که میخواهید جستجو را با شرایط متفاوت تکرار کنید به صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته مطالب نشریات مراجعه کنید.