فهرست مطالب h. eslami

This study employs grounded theory (GT) to qualitatively explore preconditions for good governance in social media with an emphasis on accountability. The study sample consists of 20 media activists and social media managers who were selected using a theoretical or purposive sampling strategy. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with participants. The data collection process continued until saturation, i.e., no new pieces of information could add to the final model. The data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, and then a paradigm model and a theoretical schema were developed based on the 15 main themes and the final theme extracted. The results indicated that the “tamed power of sovereignty” is the fruit of a set of factors such as accountability soft punch, reverse control and monitoring, popular network activism, and networked pressure groups, influenced by a set of contextual and intervening factors. What can cause public trust and social solidarity as the ultimate goal is the adoption of strategies such as normalization of accountability, good pragmatism, the networked activity of governing bodies, and institutional accountability of the government and then moving towards the establishment of an online accountability system. The theoretical schema and paradigm model proposed in this study can interpret the results more accurately.

Today, living in the age of media and information, human beings are exposed to all kinds of seemingly real news and information, the rumored nature of which is hidden from the view. In the face of such unreliable news, people often republish it in virtual and real spaces, which can lead to a significant security, economic and social damage. Therefore, the present study is conducted with the aim of more deeply identifying users' strategies in the face of news and especially rumors in the virtual space and the process of reducing rumor-making and rumor-mongering with a qualitative approach and Strauss and Corbin's field theory method. Based on theoretical and purposive sampling, 24 young Yazdians active in cyberspace, including 12 men and 12 women, participated in the research and their narratives were analyzed. The data collection process was performed simultaneously with their analysis in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Findings show the central phenomenon of dualism of trust in news sources, whether national, non-national or virtual. News were tracked from credible sources whereas credible and rumor contents were measured accordingly. Eventually, due to the timeliness of rumors and media literacy training, there was high probability of discrediting. The mentioned strategies, such as the temporary reduction of rumor mongers' visits were found to silence rumors.

With the development of cities and increasing health-care needs, the production of medical waste has increased. Therfore, this study was conducted to determine the quantity, quality, and status of hospital waste management in hospitals affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2020.

In this descriptive study, hospitals affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (Ali-Ibn Abitalib, Moradi, and Niknafs) were examined. Data were collected by the researcher using a standard checklist of the Environmental and Occupational Health Center. Finally, the obtained data were described and analyzed using Excel software.

The mean health-care waste generation rate in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences hospitals was 2.12 kg/patinet.day. From the total waste generated in University hospitals (1170 kg/day), 54.27% (635 kg/d) were general waste, 40.17% (470 kg/d) infection and sharp waste, and 5.56% (65 kg/d) chemical waste. Also, the average percentage of the score obtained from the maximum score in the field of proper waste management in different stages of separation, collection, storage, and decontamination and disposal in the studied hospitals were 66.36, 72.72, 62.03 and 57.57, respectively.

Therefore, according to the intermediate status of hospital waste management in Rafsanjan, it is recommended to implement a safe and sustainable program in the field of hospital waste management from the point of production to disposal in an operational manner and monitor it continuously.

Advanced Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) are one of the most suitable modified activated sludge systems. Due to low cost, optimal efficiency, and easy operation, they are recognized as an effective biological treatment system. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the SBR biological process in the removal of organic matter and nutrients from Yazd city wastewater.

This descriptive study examines the trend of organic matter and nutrients changes in the biological process of advanced SBR. In this study, the samples were taken from the input and output of the SBR process four times a month for 9 months in 2019. A total of 72 samples were taken. Then COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand) and nutrients (phosphate ( ), total phosphorus, ammonium ( ), nitrate ( ), and nitrite  were measured. Finally, the results were analyzed by one-sample t-test at a significance level of 0.05.

The concentration of COD and BOD5 in the effluent was 42 and 14 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of total phosphorus, phosphate, ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in the effluent was also shown to be 2.9, 2.4, 6.3, 9.01, and 0.92 mg/L, respectively.

The results showed that the active sludge system in the Yazd wastewater treatment plant has a good and acceptable situation. This has caused a significant reduction in organic matter and nutrients. These results are in accordance with the standards of the Iranian Environment Organization in the reuse of wastewater.

Boron is widely found in raw materials and wastewater of the tile industry and its removal from aquatic environments is very complex. The aim of this study was to remove boron from wastewater of ceramic tile industry using coagulation and flocculation-adsorption process.

This was an experimental study. Initially, for the coagulation process, pH parameters between 5 to 11, concentrations of 150 to 450 mg/L of poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) and concentrations of 0.5 to 2.5 mg/L of anionic and cationic polymers were examined. Then, in the adsorption process, the effect of pH between 2 to 7 at contact times of 5 to 20 min was investigated. Finally, the data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test.

The results showed that the percentage of boron removal by poly-aluminum chloride at the optimum pH equal 8 and the concentration of 400 mg/L was 35.7% and in combination with 1.5 and 2.5 mg/L anionic and cationic polymer, removal efficiency of 54.2 % (from 35 to 16 mg/L) was observed. Then, in the adsorption process with an optimum pH equal 5 and contact time of 15 minutes, removal efficiency of 50% (from 16 to 8 mg/L) was obtained. Examination of isotherms in the adsorption process showed that boron adsorption follows the Freundlich isotherm and first-degree kinetics.

According to the results, the combined process of coagulation and flocculation with adsorption can be introduced as an effective process in boron removal.

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a building-related illness in which people in the environment do not experience proper physical and mental well-being. Mental and physical changes include headache, nausea, abnormal fatigue, lack of concentration, sensation of an unpleasant odor. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of SBS and its related factors in nurses at Ali Ibn Abitaleb hospital in Rafsanjan City in 2018.

This cross-sectional study was performed using standard MM040EA questionnaire related to SBS and indoor air quality at Ali Ibn Abitaleb hospital in Rafsanjan city in 2018. 285 nurses in different wards of the hospital were entered the study using census method. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test.The mean ± standard deviation of age for participating nurses was 34.04±7.90 years. Fatigue 88 (63.8%), dry hands and itching and red skin 71 (51.4%) were the most frequent symptoms of SBS among the nurses. 68 (49.3%) nurses complained of unpleasant odors of the workplace every week, and 77 (56.2%) nurses felt their workload was sometimes high. Demographic characteristics, work environment and working conditions did not show any statistically significant difference with the frequency of SBS (p>0.05).Due to the high frequency of SBS in hospital nurses and its effects on performance and productivity, it is necessary to re-engineer the hospital environment and improve the work environment, especially ventilation of hospital wards.

Job stress is an important factor in creating physical and mental problems for the employees and has negative consequences for the organization. The present study aims to examine job stress (decision making, performance evaluation, work load and responsibility/ authority) on job satisfaction of the accountants.

This is an applied study using correlation analysis to examine the relationship between the variables. The required data is collected using JRTS questionnaire (Kahn et al. 1964). The Michigan’s organizational assessment questionnaire is selected as the scale of job satisfaction. The population includes all accountants employed in manufacturing, merchandising and service enterprises of Yazd. Using simple random sampling, 179 individuals are selected between them as the sample. The data is also analyzed by LISREL software.

Due to the absolute value of the t-statistic 2.72 and the negative amount of impact 0.20, it can be concluded that job stress have a significant and negative impact on job satisfaction.Further, according to the absolute value of the t-statistic for the decision, performance evaluation and workload that is less than 1.96, it can be concluded that these components have no significant effect on job satisfaction. The absolute value of t-statistics of the components of responsibility / authority is equal to 2.44 and the amount of impact is negative and equal to 0.52; therefore, it can be concluded that the responsibility / authority have a significant and negative impact on job satisfaction.

Considering the impact of job stress on job satisfaction, implementing effective strategies by managers is imperative to reduce job stress of accountants such as specifying the scope of work and giving sufficient authority to perform job responsibilities. Keywords: job satisfaction, job stress, work load, performance evaluation, responsibility/ authority.

These days, all the people are suffering from different degrees of stress and nervous pressure during their working thus exposing to these stresses can create job burnout. So, the current study was designed to study job burnout among personnel of medical diagnostic laboratories in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2013.

In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 106 persons were selected from medical laboratories staff by Random Stratified Sampling. Moreover, data collection was performed by Maslach Burnout Inventory standard (MBI). Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS 18 using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests.

The total score average of job burnout is 37.84±19.4. Moreover, scores average of burnout in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were 18.42±6.77, 4.39±4.40 and 29.57±6.77, respectively. Furthermore, a significant relationship was revealed between job burnout with gender (p= 0.031), age (p= 0.017), work experience (p= 0.048), type of work (p= 0.044), and employment status. (p= 0.031)

Based on low score in the average of total job burnout, low level of depersonalization and personal accomplishment and also moderation in the emotional exhaustion, it seems that the current status of medical laboratories staff in Yazd is not desirable. Therefore, it is strongly suggested a regular series of strategies to manage and reduce job stress, staff's nervous pressure and burnout must be applied in all these laboratories.