habib heybar

Calreticulin (CALR) is a 46 kDa protein in the endoplasmic reticulum and is one of the major proteins in ca2+ binding; it has a key role in oxidative stress, transcription factor activation, and as a chaperone in newly synthesized protein and glycoprotein folding. The high expression of CALR is pivotal for cardiac development in the embryonic period. It has been showed that mutation in exon 9 of CALR causes loss of C-terminal function and contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.

It could conceivably be hypothesized that in addition to the general risk factors, the specific gene defects which are less considered can contribute to CVD development. In this regard in this study the possible existence of CALR mutations in CVD development is determine in patients younger than 40.

Thirty patients younger than 40 were recruited for this study, 86.7% (26) were male, and just 13.3% (4) were female. The amplification refractory mutation system-PCR was used to identified mutation in exon 9. The CVD risk factors, including blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, history of smoking, alcohol drinking, and familial CVD development were evaluated.

In none of the patients, CALR mutations were detected. Since CALR defect causes accumulation of glycogen in the heart's cells and contributes to CVD development, our results confirm this, so that 76.7% of patients did not have diabetes.

The findings of the current study show there is no significant differences between exon 9 CALR mutation and CVD development.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a frequent complication of contrast exposure. A recent study suggested that Na/K citrate might have a preventive role. We investigated the efficacy of Na/K citrate to prevent CIN in patients with renal dysfunction undergoing coronary intervention. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 201 patients with estimated creatinine clearance < 90 mL/ min, randomized to receive oral Na/K citrate plus saline infusion (treatment group, 104 patients) or oral water plus saline infusion (placebo group, 97 patients). CIN was defined as an absolute increase of serum creatinine ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or a relative increase ≥ 25% or a relative decrease of estimated GFR ≥ 25% within 5 days. CIN occurred in 22 patients (12.29%); 10 (11%) in treatment group and 12 (13.6%) in placebo group (P > .05). Post-exposure Cr values were not significantly different between the two groups (1.18 ± 0.28 mg/dL in the placebo vs. 1.15 ± 0.29 mg/dL in the treatment group, P > .05). CIN-negative patients in the treatment group showed a significantly higher increase in urine pH than that of CIN-positive patients (1.642 ± 0.577 vs. 1.20 ± 0.422, P < .05). Na/K citrate solution is not effective for prophylaxis of CIN in patients with renal dysfunction. However, a probable preventive effect might exist in a subgroup of patients with at least 1.6 units increase in urine pH values following Na/K citrate administration.

Medical ethics is an important subject in medicine. This study was carried utilizing the display and analysis performance method in teaching medical ethics to medical interns to investigate the effectiveness of this method. Initially, a team of emergency nurses and clinical psychologists were asked to observe the attitude of medical interns towards patients and to report problems in emergency unit at Ahvaz Golestan Hospital. According to information obtained and recorded statements, a scenario was developed and showed both inappropriate behaviors that led to conflict as well as the correct behaviors in the same position. This scenario was conducted by a theater group and recorded on film. To assess the implemented process, the emergency room team recorded medical intern's unsuitable attitude and patient's complaints for 2 months. The target group consisted of 76 medical interns. After the implementation process, collecting and analyzing data, post-test scores showed a marked increase compared to pre- test scores (p

Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy due to hypoparathyroidism is a very atypical and rare circumstance, which is usually intractable to conventional therapy for cardiac failure, but responds satisfactorily to restoration of normocalcemia. We describe a young woman who developed clinical signs of hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia as consequences of hypocalcemia. This case underscores the importance of biochemical abnormalities like hypocalcemia as a rare cause of secondary cardiomyopathy and emphasizes on the need for effective and immediate treatment of hypocalcemia and its related causes.

Although there is enough evidence that infectious agents such as Chlamydia pneumonia and Helicobacter pylori may play a pathogenic role in atherosclerosis, this role for cytomegalovirus (CMV) is yet controversial. The aim of the present study was to detect CMV-DNA in atherosclerotic plaques in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).Patients and In this case-control study, candidates for CABG (cases) and patients with valvular or congenital malformation but without atherosclerotic plaques (controls) were studied from 2012 to 2013 at Golestan hospital, Ahvaz, IR Iran. Demographic and laboratory data were collected. Atherosclerotic and histological samples were obtained from visible plaques and from aorta by the surgeon. All the samples were examined for the presence of CMV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method using a commercial kit (SinaClon, Tehran, IR Iran). The mean ages in case and control groups were 60.8 ± 6.8 and 57.5 ± 11.5 years, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.09). Thirty patients (54.5%) in case and 32 (58.2%) in control groups were male with no significant difference (P = 0.7). CMV-DNA was present in 8 (14.5%) of the cases and 2 (4%) of the controls. CMV-DNA was associated with higher risk of atherosclerosis (OR: 7.7, 95% CI = 1.1-51.4, P = 0.03). Of the total normal aortic samples (55 in cases and 55 in controls), there was no individual with simultaneous positive CMV-DNA among aortic atherosclerotic and normal tissue samples. The presence of CMV-DNA in aortic plaques is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis. CMV infection may be considered as an independent risk factor for this event.

Changes in inflammatory mediators have an important role in myocardial infraction. Since the anti-inflammatory effects of Omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases was reported, this study was done to evaluate the Omega-3 effect on serum lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, and E-selectin in patients with myocardial infraction. In this double blinded clinical trial study, 42 patients with myocardial infraction were randomly divided into two mediator and control group. For 10 weeks, the mediator group received 3 capsules of 1 gram Omega-3 daily, and the control group received 3 capsules of placebo (paraffin) daily. Concentration of serum lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, and E-selectin was measured and compared at the beginning and at the end of the test. IRCT=2021070410181N1 At the end of the study, after comparing the Omega-3 receiving group with placebo group, there was a significant decrease of serum level of triglyceride (120.04±53.24 versus 150.76±48.84, p=0.021), leptin (6.92±2.71 versus 9.05±2.66, p=0.007), and E-selectin (20.98±10.04 versus 6.55±4.12), and there was a significant increase in the serum level of adiponectin (7.24±3.50 versus 6.55±4.12, p=0.026) in patients with myocardial infraction. In both groups, improvement in the size of blood lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C) was obvious when compared to the primary sizes (p<0.05); but the difference between the two complementary and placebo group was not statistically significant. The results show that receiving Omega-3 on a daily basis can modulate inflammatory factors in patients with myocardial infraction.

We aimed to evaluate clinical, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) findings after 18-23 years of exposure in veterans of sulphur mustard (SM) exposure. We performed a cross-sectional study of 106 patients. Inclusion criteria were 1: documented exposure to SM as confirmed by toxicological analysis of their urine and vesicular fluid after exposure 2: single exposure to SM that cause skin blisters and subsequent transient or permanent sequel. Cigarette smoking and pre-exposure lung diseases were of exclusion criteria. After taking history and thorough respiratory examination, patients underwent high resolution computed tomography and spirometry. Clinical diagnoses were made considering the findings. More than 85% of the patients were complaining of dyspnea and cough. Obstructive pattern (56.6%) was main finding in spirometry followed by restrictive and normal patterns. HRCT revealed air trapping (65.09%) and mosaic parenchymal attenuation patterns (58.49%) as most common results. Established diagnoses mainly were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (54.71%), bronchiolitis obliterans (27.35%) and asthmatic bronchitis (8.49%). There were not any significant association between the clinical findings and results of PFT and HRCT imaging and also between PFT and HRCT findings (P-values were more than 0.05). Considering debilitating and progressive nature of the respiratory complications of SM exposure, attempts are needed for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.