فهرست مطالب habib zare ahmad abadi

A review of previous research shows that a systematic and comprehensive approach to the factors and dimensions of Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) has received less attention in this field. Therefore, this study aims to design a model of factors influencing SCR. This research is considered applied and development-oriented in terms of its objective, and it was conducted in the tile and ceramic industry in Yazd province. In doing so, the study primarily investigated publications indexed in scientific databases, extracting the factors affecting SCR through a systematic approach and the meta-synthesis method. Following that, a model was constructed that consisted of 33 factors falling under five dimensions: 1) production and distribution management, 2) communication and participative management, 3) financial and information management, 4) human resources management, and 5) risk and crisis management. The findings revealed that such factors as "having a strong relationship with suppliers," "using lean production and eliminating wastes," "technological flexibility in production," "implementing integrated Information Technology (IT) infrastructures in the SC," and "safety stock of materials" were the most critical factors affecting resilience in the SC. Generally speaking, what distinguishes this study from others in this field is the new and scientific framework of factors that it proposes through a systematic approach and the identification of the most important factors, which could serve as a guideline to senior managers and decision-makers.

Nowadays, in most countries of the world, small and medium industries play various roles in social, industrial and service arenas. An e-business is a system that is created with the aim of satisfying customers and facilitating the fulfillment of their orders using the Internet. Advances in technology offer countless opportunities for rapid market access nationally and internationally to small and medium-sized enterprises. Accordingly, infrastructures should be provided by the government to make it easier to use the facilities, and the relevant agencies should work together to create a safe and comfortable environment, away from strict regulations. In this way, the ground will be prepared for the development of the economy, the training of specialized man power and the employment of experts in organizations. The aim of this research is to develop the electronic businesses of small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province in the field of ceramic tiles using the fuzzy cognition mapping approach. Based on the nature of the research, responses are found to the questions ‘What factors are effective in the development of e-businesses of small and medium enterprises in the Iranian ceramic tile industry?’ and ‘What is the degree of effectiveness, influence and centrality of the factors?’

This study is descriptive in type. From a methodological point of view, it is based on the mixed research method, which was done in four stages. In the first stage, based on the results of a library study on the theoretical foundations and research background, the basic conceptual framework of electronic business in the ceramic tile industry was extracted. For this purpose, two statistical populations were sampled the first of which consisted of eight experts in the field of business management in Yazd Province. They were randomly selected and interviewed. At this stage, 18 factors were obtained by reviewing the literature and the research background, as a result of which a number of factors were removed, merged or added from the prepared list. Finally, 15 factors were approved by the experts. The second sample included 35 online sellers of ceramic tiles in Yazd Province who were selected to participate in the construction of the model. In the second stage of the qualitative modeling process, the causal map of the experts was extracted and analyzed. Then, fuzzy cognitive mapping was drawn by the Ucinet6 software. In the fourth stage, the degree of centrality, the effectiveness of specific factors, and the scenarios for the development of e-business in small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province were simulated in a case study of the ceramic tile industry, and the results were checked with the soft FCMapper1 software. The data and the scenarios were analyzed using the fuzzy cognitive mapping technique, and the research model was designed through social network analysis.

According to the research findings, the factors affecting the development of e-business in small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province (with a focus on the ceramic tile industry) include leadership and management factors, technical requirements, financial infrastructure, organizational image, product and service, supply chain, customer satisfaction, competitors and partners, suppliers, political and legal infrastructures, marketing and advertising, after-sales service, customer trust, investment, and organizational culture. Based on the degree of centrality, what tops the list is leadership and management factors as well as products and services. Also, the results of the analysis of the second scenario indicate that, since the managers of the ceramic tile industry try to have better leadership and management and do not take legal, political and legal infrastructures into account, they cannot hope for the progress and development of their business. In other words, management and leadership along with legal, political and legal infrastructures can lead to the development of businesses in the ceramic tile industry. According to the results of the third scenario, if we develop the product and service factor but do not pay attention to the value chain, the majority of the factors change in a negative direction, but the rate of change is less than that in the second scenario.

Finally, based on the results of this study, there are suggestions made for the development of electronic businesses in the ceramic tile industry, including the attendance of managers in various courses of management and leadership skills and market study. The accurate knowledge of customer needs is also pointed out in order to provide the products and services that are more tailored to the tastes of customers and, as a result, their satisfaction is guaranteed as much as possible.

The influence of the fourth industrial revolution on the construction industry has led to the introduction of the concept of "Construction 4.0" and the purpose of the present study was to analyze the formation of this phenomenon in Iran in a twenty-year time period through futures study. The present qualitative and descriptive research was designed with an exploratory futures study approach. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, an initial list of key drivers affecting the formation of Construction 4.0 was extracted from research records and written scientific sources, and then, by forming an expert group with the Delphi approach, they were prioritized. In the scenario-writing stage, using the methodology of the Global Business Network (GBN), four scenarios of possible futures in this field were set while creating an intersection between the uncertainties of two key drivers. The prioritization of the identified drivers in the field of creating the phenomenon of Construction 4.0 in Iran indicates that the two key factors in this field are: "Scientific cooperation of the country with the developed world" and "Technological advances in new areas". Quadruple scenarios resulting from the intersection of these two uncertainties were identified with the metaphors of Sea, Spring, Marsh, and River. It is necessary for the policy makers to strengthen scientific and technological interactions with advanced countries in this matter (such as Germany), to support start-up and innovative companies, and focus on strengthening the other identified main drivers.

The purpose of this research is to identify and investigate the relationship between the barriers to the implementation of the circular economy and Industry 4.0 in the supply chain in one of the polluting industries of the country (Yazd Glass Complex). In order to identify the barriers and categorize the barriers, the Meta-Synthesis approach was used, and in the quantitative part, in order to present the pattern of relationships between these barriers and their prioritization, the combined method of Fuzzy DEMATEL- ANP (FDANP) was used. The findings of the qualitative section included the identification of 24 obstacles in 5 dimensions. In the quantitative part, the findings showed that economic, infrastructural and technical-legal barriers are considered as causal dimensions that affect human resources and organizational-management (Effect) dimensions. Also, the obstacles of lack of expertise and knowledge of employees regarding the circular economy and Industry 4.0; Fear of unemployment and resistance to organizational and process changes and lack of funds and financial tools for training and research and development and operations are the most important obstacles in the implementation of the circular economy and Industry 4.0 in the supply chain of polluting industries such as the glass industry.

Concerns related to environmental issues on the one hand and limited resources available for different organizations on the other hand make it mandatory to pay attention to productivity and quality management of products and services, especially among small and medium- sized enterprises. The purpose of this research was to explain the relationship among factors affecting employee productivity, quality management and environmental management. The statistical population of this research is managers, employees, and supervisors of small and medium-sized companies in Yazd province, which are active in 5 industrial branches (chemical-cellulose, food, clothing, textile, mineral, metal-electrical). The data collection instrument in this research was a questionnaire. Initially, using the questionnaire of the pair-wise comparisons of identified factors and presenting a conceptual model of the study through the interpretive structural modeling, the opinions of nine managers of small and medium-sized companies in Yazd province were sought. Then, in order to fit the obtained model, using the structural equation modeling approach and Smart PLS3 software, 400 questionnaires were distributed among the employees and supervisors of small and medium-sized enterprises in Yazd province through available sampling procedure, of which 265 questionnaires returned. The results of the analyses showed that the culture of cooperation, leadership and performance feedback has a positive significant effect on customer focus and training. Also, it was revealed that training and focusing on the customer has a positive significant effect on innovativeness, environmental policies and strategies, environmental investment, defined processes and organization and management support.

Circular economy and Industry 4.0 are concepts that have garnered significant attention from businesses and universities in recent years. They are currently being promoted by many governments worldwide. The synergy between these two concepts offers the potential to move towards a more sustainable society and address the environmental and economic challenges related to managing organizational operations. This research aims to analyze the factors enabling the implementation of circular economy and Industry 4.0 in the supply chain of Yazd glass factories. In the initial phase of the research, a review of various articles was conducted using the meta-synthesis method to identify and categorize relevant enablers. This process resulted in the identification of 15 enablers categorized into four dimensions: economic, human resources, organizational management, and infrastructure. In the subsequent step, the Fuzzy DEMATEL technique was employed to examine the cause-and-effect relationships. The findings indicate that, within the economic dimension, the most influential enablers are "budget allocation for the implementation of circular economy and Industry 4.0" and "stimulation of demand for circular products." In the human resources dimension, "training and development of employees" and "organizational culture" play crucial roles. In the organizational-management dimension, "support and commitment of senior management" and "cooperation and networking with supply chain partners (industrial coexistence)" are highly significant. Lastly, within the infrastructure dimension, "development of information technology standards and infrastructures" and "security and protection of intellectual property rights" are considered the most effective enablers for the implementation of circular economy and Industry 4.0 in the Yazd glass factories. The results indicate that the Ardakan glass factories of Yazd should prioritize attention to economic and infrastructural enablers when implementing circular economy and Industry 4.0.

Open innovation has been discussed in the management of innovation literature over past decade, which has led to the increasing recognition of its benefits, including the use knowledge inputs accelerate domestic innovation and expanding the market for using innovation in small and medium company. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting or being affected in a comprehensive model of open innovation for gold industry of Iran and to explain the relationship between these factors. The present research is of qualitative type with exploratory-explanatory nature in which the systematic review of research literature, meta-synthesis approach and content analysis have been used. Based on the seven steps of meta-synthesis after passing through several layers of evaluation: 54 articles, out of 3151 initial ones, were chosen careful content review and identifying desired variables and semantic units. In regard, 25 concept codes were extracted and after examining their validation by help subject matter experts, the relationships between them were also induced from scientific texts and drawn in a conceptual framework. Then, in order to implement the identified framework in the gold industry of Iran, semi-structured interviews with the experts the gold industry of Iran were designed and conducted, which led to the identification of 11 new and specific factors for the gold industry. By merging and categorizing the factors, 34 final categories were identified and by examining relationships between them, open innovation model in gold industry of Iran was developed and important influential and influential factors were identified in model.

The factors used in the foresight of any system vary from country to country, society, culture, politics and even time. Identifying and planning for influential factors in any industry is of particular importance. By identifying influential indicators, planners and policymakers determine which indicators are prioritized. Also, to move towards the main goal of organizations, identifying these indicators will help policymakers and planners to invest and optimize the most important indicators.The main purpose of this study is to identify the political factors affecting the future of the rail transport system in the freight sector. In this research, the identification of political factors of the rail transportation system in the freight sector has been done using a combination of library, field and Delphi studies and Micmac software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research have sought to present the most important political factors affecting the future of rail transportation in Iran. In the first step, all factors were identified. In the second stage, using the Delphi method, a consensus was reached in three consecutive periods, and in the third stage, using Micmac software, eleven factors in three categories were presented as the most important drivers for the future of the rail freight transportation system.
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Resource management is one of the most important practices in sustainability. Resource management, due to the scarcity of resources, requires attention and scientific-based organizing. Manufacturing industries are among the largest centers of resource consumption, especially natural resources. Therefore, different industries need to be committed to the principles of sustainable development in meeting their needs. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide a model of resource management in sustainable supply chain in the selected industries. To do so, first, resource management indicators in the sustainable supply chain have been identified based on the previous studies and the experts’ opinions, and then, a model of indicators have provided in order to show their importance in the different industry by applying three methods of K-average, principal component analysis and random forests. In order to gather data, a survey-based questionnaire is used. The results demonstrate that environmental management and cross-functional cooperation indicators in the automotive industry are the most important indicators. In ceramic tile industry, social issues and human resource management indicators are important but, in the steel industry, social issues and environmental management indicators were important. In the foodstuffs industry, quality management, cross-functional cooperation indicators and human resource management have great importance. In addition, in the textile industry, the quality management indicator was the most important one. The results obtained from the various industries provide practical suggestions for prioritizing improvement practices for resource utilization for having sustainable supply chain.

This research, in line with the strategy of the World Customs Organization, order to provide a structural model for improving the ethics and administrative health of employees based on the use of information technology in customs affairs with a combined approach of fundamental theory and interpretive structural modeling to understand how information technology affects ethics and Administrative health and investigating the power of influence and the degree of dependence of the variables of ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of drawing a comprehensive structuring model. In the implementation of this research, a mixed method was used in the qualitative part of the foundation's data theory according to the research needs and structured interviews were used to collect data. To collect data in a qualitative method, with the help of Maxqda software, research findings through the opinions of 13 experts in three stages of open-centered and selective coding in the form of 6 categories affecting the ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of the Strauss paradigm model and Corbin and it was expressed theoretically. After building the theory, in the quantitative stage, interpretive structural modeling has been used in order to understand the relationship between the variables and the leveling of the promotion of ethics and administrative health of Iran Customs. The results of the research show that the variable "use of smart technologies" is the first level variable in the promotion of ethics and health, and the variables "Analysis of the situation of manpower and customs processes, ethical characteristics of employees and laws and management of information technology and human resources" » is the second level variable. And the variables of "conditions and structure of the organization and the requirements and infrastructure of information technology" are the variables of the third level.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the enablers of Industry 4.0 supply chain sustainability and further attempt to propose a research framework to bridge the theoretical gaps. At first, the enablers that influence the adoption of sustainability capability were identified through the review of domestic and foreign articles using the meta-combination method. After identification, the enablers were compared through a questionnaire and provided to 12 experts in the field of tile manufacturing industries in Yazd province. Using the information obtained from the questionnaire and its analysis through the combined method of DEMATEL-Fuzzy Network Analysis Process, a model was ultimately presented. The research results of the meta-combination section identified 114 open codes, 26 central codes, and finally 7 selective codes. The selected codes include organizational, production system, environmental, product, economic, technological, and social factors, which were analyzed using the combined method of Fuzzy Dematel-ANP. The relations and importance of these enablers were examined, and It was determined that the "technology" dimension is the most influential, the "product" dimension is the most susceptible, and the "economic" dimension is the most important dimension.

The issue of open innovation has been widely discussed in the innovation management literature in recent decades, which leads to their increasing recognition, including accelerating the internal innovations of companies and expanding the market to take advantage of external innovations in small and medium enterprises. For this purpose, at first, a systematic review of the literature was done in order to achieve a properly enough research background and then a sample of 54 articles was chosen and examined by using Systematic review approach. After the identification of the related variables, the relations between them were examined and drawn as a conceptual framework based on the research background. Then, in order to adapt the identified framework to reality, interviews with experts were done and after verification, several new variables, such as the degree of variability of managers, the culture of monopoly of knowledge, and competence; were added to the new framework and with the final identification of 32 categories, the relevant questionnaire was developed and distributed among stakeholders. Finally, by extracting the results and using the fuzzy mapping technique and also two soft wares of FCMapper and Pajek, a correlation model was designed between the factors and by analyzing the relevant results, effective scenarios were identified in the research. The results of this study showed that if we focus on the three factors of trust-building in cooperation and partnership, strengthening the appropriability regime and also empowering managers, we can see the improvement of open innovation process and a consequent positive impact on the company performance as well as innovative performance in Yazd gold industry.

The influence of the emerging flow of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the old construction industry has led to the formation of a new revolutionary flow in this field, which has been introduced to the world of science and technology in recent years as "Construction 4.0". The main question in this study is what are the drivers and areas affecting the formation of the phenomenon of construction 4.0 in Iran and which of them have more importance and priority.

To find a scientific answer to this question, a developmental, qualitative and descriptive research was designed. In the first step, an initial list of possible drivers of this phenomenon was compiled based on research records and valid scientific reports. Subsequently, with the formation of a meeting of experts, this list was refined based on the local requirements of the Iranian society. In the second phase of this study, which was conducted with the aim of prioritizing these drivers, with the participation of a number of experts, while performing two rounds of Delphi technique, these factors and areas were prioritized at three levels.

Two drivers "Scientific cooperation with the developed countries" and "Technological advances in new fields" were selected as the first priority,

The findings of this research can be used to draw a roadmap for our country to join the new construction 4.0 trend and guide strategic and operational plans for the success of the country's construction industry in this field.

This study evaluates the performance of Iran and 38 OECD countries by providing a DFM model with undesirable outputs. Comparing the changes in the rate of increase in output and the rate of decrease in inputs for the efficiency of decision units in DFM and CCR models is one of the objectives of this study. This research is applied research in terms of purpose and is descriptive research in terms of implementation. According to the review of the literature and research background of the employed Total labor force, Total primary energy consumption and Gross Capital Formation were considered as input, GDP was considered as a desirable output and total GHG emissions excluding LULUCF, was considered as an undesirable output. The results showed that inefficient countries should make the most change in the input of total primary energy consumption and the least change in the desirable output (GDP) in order to reach the efficiency frontier; therefore, considering energy consumption management can be effective in changing inefficient countries with poor performance in environmental sustainability, such as Iran into efficient ones. The analysis also showed that in order to improve the sustainability in Iran, policymakers should consider reducing energy consumption, increasing labor productivity, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving investment productivity and GDP. According to the research method, two modeling methods of evaluating the efficiency of countries in the field of sustainable development were compared and the advantages of DFM model in comparison to CCR were studied.

Social and cultural developments are one of the main goals of regional development. This research uses social research approaches as well as planning models that are designed based on the scenario, to study social and cultural development in Yazd province based on the national vision document. In the first step of the research, 33 factors were identified that these factors have somehow affected the process of social and cultural development in Yazd province. After conducting various interviews with experts, 9 key factors were identified from 33 factors based on upstream documents. Then, for each of the factors based on different scenarios, 18 favorable and unfavorable situations in the future of the province were identified. Then, by forming a matrix of cross-effects through MicMac software and also using the knowledge of social science experts in assessing the effects of the occurrence of each situation on the occurrence or non-occurrence of other situations in the province, using the capabilities of Scenario Wizard software. 6 scenarios with very high compatibility were extracted. The results show the identification of three factors, social justice, social capital and quality of life as the main and effective actors in the process of social and cultural development in Yazd province. The results also indicate that the current status of each of the factors identified in the study is not very appropriate. The possible scenarios formed in this study raise hopes for improving the development situation in the province.

Abstract The main goal of this research is identifing the factors influencing the future of the rail transportation system in the freight sector. In this research, identifing the factors for the rail transportation system in the freight sector using a combination of library and developmental purpose, PESTEL model, Delphi method and SMART PLS software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research seek to present the most important factors affecting the future of rail freight in Iran. In the first stage, all factors were identified. In the second stage, consensus was reached using the Delphi method in three consecutive periods.In the third stage, based on the opinion of experts and the use of smartPLS software, out of 168 factors identified, 76 factors are considered more important as the main effective factors in Iran's 50-year foresight which were classified into 8 main categories. Identifying and planning for the factors that affect this industry is of particular importance. By identifying indicators, planners and policymakers will determine which indicators we are important. The indicators also warn policymakers and planners if we want to move towards total goal, which indicators should we turn into the optimal indicator.

The growing need of the society for food, the reduction of food resources and nutritional imbalance, the environmental damage in the food industry, the water shortage crisis and the changing climate, the urgent need to address the major environmental consequences and move towards sustainable development in this sector is essential. The main purpose of this research is to design a model of sustainable innovation for small and medium businesses in the food industry. In this research, by comprehensive review of research literature and interviews with experts and managers in the field of food industry and using thematic analysis method, important factors and variables in sustainability innovation in small and medium businesses were identified and extracted.Then, interpretive structural modeling was used to determine the priorities and relationships between the factors. Finally, the analytic network process was used to determine the weight of each factor. The results indicate that government policy, green social pressure and green culture of society are the most important factors in the formation of sustainable innovation. And government should focus on green strategies formulatin, organizational capabilities reinforcement and acquisition of economic competencies between firms.

Economic activities use and depend on natural resources, and the nature of their processes is such that they potentially pollute the environment. Therefore, environmental evaluation practices in various industries, including the steel industries, should be reviewed. The purpose of this study is to identify the environmental indicators of performance excellence model of Yazd Steel Industries and design the relationships between them through fuzzy cognitive map. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of type and data collection. At first, with the meta-synthesis approach, 40 articles were reviewed as samples and in order to identify complementary indicators, environmental activists in the steel industry were interviewed, in which 269 environmental indicators, 36 concepts and 9 categories of performance excellence model were identified. In order to collect data and examine the relationship between environmental concepts, industrial and academic experts have completed the questionnaires and with the fuzzy cognitive map technique and FCMapper and Pajek softwares, a linking model between factors and scenario making has been designed. The research findings from the designed fuzzy cognitive map show 157 relationships between 36 concepts, of which six scenarios are obtained in two ways, backward scenario and forward scenario.

Policy, science, and innovation policy indicators are important to provide the information needed to support evidence-based policy, as well as to provide effective monitoring and evaluation capabilities for policies. Also, due to the great complexity of the system of science, technology and innovation, designing a comprehensive model for policy-making in this area is one of the major concerns of policy makers and decision makers. The main purpose of this study is to design a linking model between the factors affecting the appropriate policy-making of the phenomenon of science, technology and innovation, as well as how the factors affect. By comprehensively reviewing the research background, a conceptual framework was extracted from the effective and shaping factors of science, technology and innovation policy. The current status and importance of these factors were questioned using a 56-item questionnaire. Using the data obtained from the questionnaire and SPSS software, Pearson simple correlation matrix was extracted and used as input of FCMapper software. Then, by entering the output of FCMapper software in Pajek software, a fuzzy cognitive map is drawn. According to the obtained results, the employment factor in the field of policy-making was identified as the most important factor among other factors. Finally, the most important forward and backward scenarios for science, technology and innovation policy-making in the science and technology corridor of Yazd province are examined.

The k-nearest neighbor's algorithm (KNN) is one of the most widely used and useful nonparametric classification algorithms. The classification mechanism of this algorithm involves computing the distance between new instances and the instances whole classes are known. When the dataset contains non-numerical (ordinal and nominal) attributes, the performance of the algorithm can be significantly affected by how this distance is measured. In this paper, we attempt to improve the performance of the KNN algorithm by presenting a new solution for computing the distance of non-numerical traits. For this purpose, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. The task of this algorithm is to determine the best value of the distance between two states in a non-integer trait so that the accuracy of the KNN algorithm is increased. UCI University Learning Repository Data is used to test this idea. The results obtained from the proposed algorithm are compared with several other improved algorithms and show the useful improvement of this mechanism.

Due to the complexity of science, technology and innovation system, policymakers and decision-makers are concerned by designing a comprehensive model for policy making in this field. Therefore, it is essential to understand and extract relationships of science, technology and innovation policy indices. The purpose of this research is to identify and establish the link between indices in the form of regional innovation system. For this purpose, in the first step, using the review of the literature of research as well as the use of experts' opinions, the most important dimensions of the model of policymaking of science, technology and innovation were identified. Then, in the next step, interpretive structural modeling technique was used to communicate and sequence between the main dimensions and presenting the relational model. According to the results, 56 indicators in eight main dimensions were ranked in five levels. With the validation of the model, using structural equation modeling, it was determined that the two dimensions of the institutions and resources of science and technology are the basic foundations of science, technology and innovation policy in the special field of science and technology in Yazd province that the policymaking process is practically from these two dimensions of the beginning gets.

Environmental pollution is a serious threats to global warming and human health, and most industries, especially the steel industry, are sources of environmental pollution, so reducing and controlling pollution from this industry has become particularly important in recent studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the environmental criteria of Yazd steel industry in order to provide a causal model and analyze the relationships between them. In this study, first, by studying the thematic literature using the content analysis approach, the criteria that had a very low number of repetitions were removed from the list and interviewed with steel industry experts to localize and identify more practical criteria and 36 final environmental criteria were selected. A questionnaire was used to collect data and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Finally, a fuzzy cognitive mapping approach has been used to investigate the intensity of relationships and how the criteria affect and model design, and each of the criteria has been analyzed within the framework of this model. Accordingly, the criteria of green marketing, environmental design and environmental performance have the most influentiality, respectively, and the criteria of green marketing, green warehouse and building and environmental performance have the most impressionability in this industry, respectively.

The current study aims to provide a data mining approach to customer-oriented development of new products with a focus on one type of fertilizer. The problem considered in this study was due to the high volume and variety of customer demand on the one hand and the limitation of agricultural cooperatives in the variety of available fertilizers on the other hand. Accordingly, the data related to the real needs and priorities of customers in terms of fertilizer type, price, and purchase time were collected using survey tools firstly, and then analyzed based on the CRISP algorithm in data mining. In the first step of data analysis and in order to develop customer-oriented new products, the clustering method was used and thus the variety of fertilizers introduced by customers was reduced from 37 to 5; In a way, the features of the new products were very close to the needs of most customers. Then, using the decision tree method, the desired quality forecast was done for each new product in different time periods and based on, the supply and production pattern of products was provided according to the desire and demand of customers in each season. In general, and according to the results obtained, it can be said that the use of data mining can be useful in the development of new products in a customer-oriented way and this approach is able to respond to issues such as data diversity management as well as customer-centric supply chain management planning.

Today, many successful service organizations and institutions have realized that paying attention to the needs of customers means paying attention to the service quality and providing quality services to customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of services provided by drug distribution companies to customers in the area covered by the center of Yazd. In the first stage, the needs of customers were identified and categorized into 4 categories based on Kano model: mandatory, functional, exciting and indifferent needs. For this purpose, 184 questionnaires were collected from different customers of pharmaceutical distribution companies. By identifying indifferent needs and removing them from the list of qualitative components, a second survey was conducted to analyze the gap between customer expectations and perceptions. To do this, the Wilcoxon statistical test was used to examine the significance of the gap between customers' expectations and perceptions. In the final stage, by surveying customers' opinions on various areas of service delivery, including drug cartons, distribution services, Internet services, transportation and staff services, and services related to the duration of receiving money from pharmacies, the relationship between them and Qualitative gaps were modelled using an artificial neural network. The results indicate that there is a quality gap between all components of quality, quality dimensions and areas of customer service. This includes components such as the efficiency of the distributer website , the clarity of the customer instructions in the drug distribution companies, the consistency of the customer-requested facilities and the portfolio of facilities provided by the distributer , the fulfilment of the time promised by the distributer to deliver services as well as employee’s empathy in responding sympathetically to the needs of customers are more tangible than other areas.

Total quality management is a philosophy with a scientific perspective that focuses on continuous improvement in companies to provide special value to customers. t It provides the conditions under which customer satisfaction is achieved, with the efforts of everyone in the organization at the lowest real cost,. The aim of this research is to design a structured model through which the sesame product industry can achieve Total quality management. To do so, at first, theoretical foundations were studied and previous domestic and foreign research reviewed which resulted in identification of the components and factors affecting the successful implementation of total quality management. Then, the importance degree of each of the 16 identified factors was assessed using the fuzzy AHP technique.Using Pareto technique, low importance factors were eliminated and the remaining 10 factors were structured in the form of interpretive structural modelling technique. Respondents to the paired comparison questionnaires in both techniques consisted of 13 experts in the sesame production industry. The results of this study indicate that 10 factors affect the successful implementation of TQM at 7 levels. The two factors of management commitment and training were at the initial level, which somehow show the key variables of the model. Also, the design factor of products and services was placed at the end of the model, which in a way represents the output of the model.