فهرست مطالب hamed chaharsoughi amin

This research was out with the aim of analyzing the context for ICT development among environmental organizations in Ilam Province. The statistical population of this research was 20,000 individuals as members of environmental organizations, of whom 376 individuals were selected using Cochran's formula and studied through proportional stratified random sampling and questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and to ensure its content validity, the panel of subject experts was used (α= 0.93). Data analysis was implemented using SPSSv22 statistical software. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that infrastructural, economic, educational, technical-advisory and supportive factors were the main fields of ICT technology development in the target sample. The results of the regression analysis also showed that infrastructural, supportive and technical-advisory factors entered the regression equation in the first to third steps, respectively, and had the greatest effect in explaining the variance of the dependent variable "technology development".

The present study aims to provide an appropriate model for handling losses in production cooperatives of Ilam province by consulting with experts in the field of cooperation and agriculture. To this aim, 24 experts in the field of agriculture and cooperation were selected based on purposive sampling. The data were collected and analyzed through semi-structured interviews. Then, an appropriate model was presented for handling losses in production cooperatives using grounded theory. Based on the results, this model includes the existence of deficiencies in economic, political, educational, international, infrastructural, socio-cultural, and skill dimensions; losses of companies, along with weak government support, intervening in cooperatives affairs, and strengthening the education-oriented culture of cooperative and collective activities; long inefficient organizational structure of the companies, lack of competitiveness with brokers in a volatile market, and traditional non-scientific management of companies; strengthening government-based organizational communications based on effective market-oriented training; and accelerating the process of rural and agricultural development under promoting the brand value of the companies and their revenue generation and competitiveness. Developing and implementing a model for handling losses in production cooperatives depends on the superior management of their components. The results indicated that the model for handling losses in production cooperatives can be classified into 100 mental concepts, 65 sub-categories, and 6 main categories. In addition, the results can increase the awareness of activists and researchers in the field of cooperative activities regarding the mechanisms, background, causes, interveners, and consequences of designing a model for handling losses in production cooperatives

The general purpose of the present study is to investigate the effective factors on the acceptance of electronic banking. This research used a mixed approach and an exploratory sequential design. In the qualitative part, the statistical population of this research included experts and subject matter specialists in the field of electronic banking. After conducting in-depth interviews with 20 of them, the data was obtained using the Delphi technique. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included the 200000 customers of all 30 branches of Keshavarzi Bank in Ilam province, who used electronic banking services at the time of study (2020-2021). Using the Krejcie and Morgan table, the number of samples in the statistical population was set at 384. Sampling was performed based on the stratified random sampling technique. The data collection tool (in the quantitative part) was a questionnaire, the face and content validity of which were confirmed by professors and relevant experts, and its reliability was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0887). Based on the results of the qualitative part, five factors affect the acceptance of electronic banking technology. They include: Understanding the ease of application of the electronic banking technology by the customer; Understanding the usefulness of the application of electronic banking technology by the customer; Social and cultural factors, Specific features of electronic banking technology; and the type of electronic banking services. The results of the quantitative part indicated that based on the fit indexes, the general structure of the research model is approved, and that understanding the ease of application of the electronic banking technology by the customer, understanding the usefulness of the application of electronic banking technology by the customer, Specific features of electronic banking technology, and the type of electronic banking services affect the adoption of electronic banking technology, while social and cultural factors have no effect on the adoption of electronic banking technology.

this study was conducted with the aim to identify the educational promoter and deterrent affecting the successful management of agricultural knowledge-based companies in the west of the Iran for development in the summer of 2020; it was done qualitatively and with the method of Grounded theory. In order to identify the components From in-depth solo interviews Used with the Managing Director of knowledge-based agricultural companies in the west of the country (N = 45) Which was obtained after interviews with 21 Managing Director. The selection of Managing Director for the interview was purposeful and judgmental. Data analysis by line-by-line analysis and in the form of conventional content analysis using MAXQDA12 software Leads to the identification of 26 main components In the form of 4 categories of Educational factors In the field of marketing, Cultural, Entrepreneurship And technical-specialized as Promoter. Educational deterrent affecting the successful management of agricultural knowledge-based companies also includes 25 main components in the form of 4 categories Barriers to vocational training were central knowledge, communication and management. The main educational promoters with the highest frequency of repetition by the respondents Establishment of professional research centers to train Managing Director in conducting applied research and training on how to conduct applied research in knowledge-based agricultural companies; Two barriers to the lack of entrepreneurial skills among managing director and lack of knowledge of technologies produced in universities with the highest frequency of repetition were identified as the main obstacles.

The purpose of this study was to design an adaptive capacity model of wheat farmers in Mehran city in confronting with particulate matter and its effective factors. The statistical population included wheat farmers in Mehran city including 315 people for 14,500 hectares of wheat lands. The sample size was estimated 173 of wheat farmers using the Cochran formula which increased to 180 to enhance the accuracy of the calculation. The random sampling method was used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Bootstraping technique was used to evaluate the significance of path coefficients. Educational-extension mechanism (path coefficient = 0.446 and t-value = 3.409) and agronomic mechanism (path coefficient = 0.428 and t-value = 2.470) show a significant effect on adaptation to fine dust phenomenon have given. While the effect of managerial mechanism (path coefficient = 0.153 and t-value = 1.391), technical mechanism (path coefficient = 0.118 and t-value = 0.637) in this regard was not significant. Factors such as lack or lack of awareness, education and communication and extension weakness, conducting research without considering the adaptation and needs assessment and not simplifying their results for farmers, not considering the required credit and capital, not paying attention to adaptation to the phenomenon of fine dust. As a necessity, the lack of infrastructure to pave the way for implementation of activities compatible with the phenomenon of fine dust and the disproportionate tariffs for agricultural insurance can play a significant role in the non-significance of these mechanisms. However, the structure of adaptation to the fine dust phenomenon directly and the mechanisms related to it indirectly had very significant and significant effects on the adaptability.

Agriculture and horticulture have always been risky occupations, and the development of mechanization, despite reducing the difficulties of agricultural activities and increasing production, has caused numerous occupational injuries for farmers and gardeners. Therefore, this study aimed to prioritize and analyze the effective factors on gardenerschr('39') occupational health in Ilam, Iran.

This applied research was conducted quantitatively based on a causal relationship method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all gardeners in Ilam province (n=6711). The sample size was determined at 405 people using the sampling table of Bartlett et al. and stratified random sampling method.

According to the results of factor analysis, the components affecting the gardenerschr('39') occupational health included supportive, economic, environmental and occupational, personal, professional, and educational factors. Path analysis findings using AMOS vol.23 software also showed that supportive factors had the greatest impact on gardenerschr('39') occupational health, followed by economic, environmental and occupational, personal, professional, and educational factors.

Considering the findings of the present study and the effect of supportive factors on gardenerschr('39') occupational health as the most priority factor, it can be concluded that the occupational injuries of gardeners can be significantly reduced by increasing government support through providing financial incentives, subsidies, as well as long-term and low-interest facilities to develop and increase the health and safety of gardens and greenhouses.

Abstract Given the water resources and the tensions and conflicts that have arisen in recent years over the use of water resources, it is necessary to pay more attention to the role of local water organizations in order to provide appropriate solutions to control the water crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of local organizations in improving the economic and social situation of villagers covered by organizations in Ilam province. The study population included farmers, board members and members of water organizations in Ilam province in 1957, of which 320 were selected using Morgan table and random stratified sampling method with appropriate proportions. The data collection tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was examined and confirmed through the panel of experts. Cronbach's alpha was also used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. In this study, in order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics of mean comparison tests and SPSS25 software were used. The results showed that the rate of water disputes in villages with local water organizations is low; In other words, proper management of water distribution in villages covered by local water organizations has been able to reduce the conflict between users in the field of water distribution.

The aim of this study was to identify the challenges of rural women entrepreneurship development in Ilam city. The statistical population of the study consisted of 51 rural women entrepreneurs in Ilam city who were studied by census method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by the opinion of the faculty members and experts of rural extension and development. The reliability of the research instrument was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.78). Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and factor analysis with SSPS20 software. The results of factor analysis with exploratory approach led to the identification of four factors that explained in the form of educational training challenges, economic and legal challenges, individual and mental challenges, and socio-cultural challenges of 59.08% of the total variance. Extension and educational challenges as the first factor with a special amount of 2/631 had the highest share (21.62%) and social cultural challenges with a special amount of 1.306 of the lowest contribution (10.88%) in explaining the total variance.

The purpose of this cross-sectional survey research was to investigate the role of micro-credit fund on the economic empowerment of rural women in Chardavol Township, so that, in the planning to achieve this end it will be taken into account. The statistical population of this study was composed of All rural women of rural micro-credit fund (N=70), that they all participated in the study by census method. They validity questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of expert and to determine the reliability of different parts of the questionnaire Cronbach's alpha (0/7

This purpose of this research was to recognizing effective factors on using production risk management among wheat farmers in Ilam province and is done in the general framework of survey research. Statistical population consists of all wheat farmers in Ilam province which amounted to 55000 people that statistical sample was determine amounted 380 people by using Krejcie and Morgan table. In order to determining questionnaire reliability was used Alpha Cronbach method (0.82

This research aimed to investigating the role of extension education in developing thepastures insurance in view of Agricultural Insurance Fund experts, in Ilam province andwith overall framework by manner of survey research being preformed . The statisti￾cal population of this research was composed of 70 Agricultural Insurance experts inwhich by method of census and using questionnaire have been preformed. The validityof questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and to determine the reliabilityof different parts of the questionnaire Cronbachs' alpha coefficient (0.85>α>0.92) wasused. Data analyzing have done using SPSS v20. Multiple Regression analyzing results,step by step in order to examining the role of independent variable in determining de￾pendent variable of developing pasture insurance, shows that independent variables ofextension education methods and development of educational planning was determinedin first and second steps by putting it into regression equation in which close to about%38.5 of dependent variable of variance of developing pasture insurance was explainedand determined .

Ilam is a disaster-prone province in terms of road accidents. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of rescue and relief posts in reducing the number of deaths and casualties in Ilam roads. In this cross sectional study, all drivers (N=1040) on the Ilam roads (bus, cab, minibus) were studied. By using self-administrated questionnaire, about 282 persons were selected based on stratified random sampling. The validity and reliability was tested based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. (0/80). According to the findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between geographical, human, social-educational and logistical factors of rescue and relief roads posts with reducing the number of injuries and casualties in Ilam roads (0.83≤rs≤0.71; p=0.000). The results showed that equipping and modernization of rescue & relief roads posts can have a positive impact on reducing road accidents in different point of views of vehicle drivers in Ilam province.

This research has done with the aim of investigating effective factors oncitrus farmer's satisfaction regarding performance of agricultural productsinsurance fund in Ilam province and in general framework of surveyresearch. The statistical population of present paper are all citrus farmerswho have made to insure their products (n=97) which were conducted ofthe census method. Data were collected using a questionnaire that itscontent validity was confirmed by panel of experts included facultymember and agricultural products insurance fund. Also, Cronbach's Alphacoefficient was in some interval (0.92-0.96) that indicates the reliability.Data analysis has done using SPSSv22 software. Correct behavior insuranceexperts was as the main items affecting on the satisfaction of citrusfarmers. Also, results of stepwise multiple regression analysis indicatedthat ability and quickness of action of fund in paying for compensation tocitrus farmers, annual household income, times of receiving loan andBanking facilities and times of participating in educational-extensioncourses, 58.6% of variance in the dependent variable (satisfaction of citrusfarmers) have expressed.

Ilam province is one of the disaster prone areas in the country. So، this study aims to investigate factors influencing the effectiveness of rescue & relief teams in order to respond to disasters took place in the province. In this cross-correlation and applied survey، all active and volunteer rescuers and relief workers (about 728) with different relief degree were studied through Morgan and Krejcie table. About 258 persons were selected by using stratified random sampling and self-administrated questionnaire. The reliability and validity were confirmed through Cronbach''s alpha (0/87). According to the findings، there was a positive and significance relationship between rescue and relief team members’ collaboration times and their effects and duration of training with their effectiveness (p=0/000 and rs=0/676). Also، the items such as gender، marital status، place of residence، participation in rescue & relief operation، educational degree and type of group activity influence on rescue & relief teams’ effectiveness. According to the results، the following variables should be consider in the planning of rescue and relief teams such as rescue and relief teams members’ collaboration times with Red Crescent society; duration of training; members’ continuous participation in rescue and relief operation

The purpose of this study was to investigate associated factors toward the tendency of senior students of agricultural majors in Ilam province toward employment in cooperative sector. A descriptive correlational research design was used to conduct this research..The target population (N=1100) included senior students of agricultural majors in Ilam universities (Ilam university, Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch, and Payame - e Noor University).A stratified sampling technique was used to select the samples (n=285)for this research.The required data was collected through a questionnaire in which its face validity confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was also confirmed by implementing a pilot-test. Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculated to establish the internal consistency of the attitudinal scale was between 0.76- 0.90. To achieve the objectives, researchers asked seniors whether or not they were interested in employment at cooperative sector. About 65 percent of the respondents showed tendency toward employment in the cooperative sector. The results of correlational analysis showed that there was a negative relationship between variables of age and obstacles hampering the development of specialized agricultural cooperatives with the variable of respondent's tendency to employment in cooperative sector. On the other hand, there was positive relationship between the variables of the amount of granting essential incentives for formation specialized agricultural cooperatives and the level of respondent's knowledge about cooperatives. In addition, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that in developing specialized agricultural cooperatives, the level of respondent's knowledge about cooperatives and the amount of granting essential incentives for formation of mentioned cooperatives, explained 54 percent of obtained changes on dependent variable of tendency to employment in cooperative sector.

This study aims at investigating the factors effective on the success of rural women’s micro-credit fund in the international carbon sequestration project in the lands of Hosseinabad Ghinab region of Sarbisheh county in the South Khorasan province. The study is an applied research conducted in a descriptive survey method. The statistical society includes 616 women members of the micro-credit fund in this project; among them, 244 women are selected by using Cochran formula through a random sampling method during 2009-10. Validity of questionnaire is confirmed by a professional board and its reliability is also defined as 0.88 by Cronbach’s Alpha statistic, indicating a good validity. Research findings show that the variables of “extent of using communicative channels”, “amount of granted loan facilities”, “extent of satisfaction to the fund” and “number of sessions held on the fund issue” tend to have the most shares in the extent of variations in the dependant variable of “success of the fund”; and so, it could be concluded that there should be made a more precise planning on these variables for the funds to better succeed.