فهرست مطالب hamed kamali

Higher education, in order to achieve its strategic goals in society, requires governance understanding in a sustainable trend so that it can correctly define and outline its mission and step towards it firmly. Research knowledge and experiences of the advanced countries in this field may certainly contain some considerable and –sometimes - valuable lessons gained in policies for higher education systems in other countries, especially for Iranian higher education system suffering from some ineffective traditional procedures and avoiding up-to-date governance methods. In this article, by applying the research method of document analysis and using the purposeful sampling method, the identification and qualitative analysis of good governance experiences in higher education of three selected countries - including Germany, England and Canada - has been addressed in the four measures of quality affairs, academic independence and financial management. Data gatherings were done by searching contents of universities’ websites, published articles, essays, reports, governmental and academic manuscripts. Data was qualitatively analyzed at two levels of open and axial coding. From the study and analysis of the experiences of good governance in higher education of selected countries, in the dimension of quality measures, including evaluation and quality assurance in the context of agreed frameworks, multiple use of the evaluation system, validation and quality assurance, transparency and accountability, and improvement were identified as the logic of evaluation and quality assurance of higher education. Systematic synergetic management and planning, and network management based on scientific reference were experiences that were represented in the dimension of university management and planning. Morover, in the financial planning measures, experiences such as contingency budgeting based on scientific indicators, and diversity of support in providing financial resources were identified. In the end, the article, by enumerating the findings obtained from its research in the experiences of the governance of the selected countries, has recommended to all the policy makers and officials of the country's higher education to study and review them as lessons that can be learned for awareness and to create a well-considered platform in order to use them effectively, in the framework of appropriate and updated action plans in the field of governance of higher education.

 Blastocystis spp. is an anaerobic, single-celled intestinal parasite with global prevalence that is found in the lower digestive tract of humans and many animals, such as numerous types of vertebrates. To date, 17 genotypes have been identified. Nine of these genotypes are common in humans. Organism is found in both healthy and compromised individuals, hence its pathogenicity is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of Blastocystis spp. genotypes in Bandar Abbas, Iran during 2022.

 Totally, 378 stool samples were collected from hospitals and health centers of Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan province, Iran. Stool samples examined by direct and formalin ethyl acetate (concentration) methods. Positive samples for Blastocystis spp. isolated and DNA extraction was done. All extracted DNA specimens analyzed by nanoDrop to ensure about quantity and quality. The PCR technique was used to identify parasite genotypes and all samples were sequenced for genotype confirmation.

 Finally 14 samples detected as positive microscopically and 8 samples confirmed by PCR. Identified isolated genotypes were 4 samples ST1 (50%), 3 ST3 (37.5%), and one ST2 (12.5%). All negative and positive samples analyzed 3 times to confirm accuracy. 

 Blastocystis sp. is the most common protozoan parasite of the human intestine, which despite the studies, there are many uncertainties about its pathogenicity.  The current study was designed and carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic and lower positive patients may be related to severe hygiene considerations and consumption of various antibiotics amongst the population.

The education and learning of university in the world changed from face-to-face to e-learning under the pressure of the corona pandemic. This change in Iran improved the awareness and attitude of academics regarding the capacities of this educational method. However, it has been accompanied with numerous disorders and shortcomings in its application. In this study, the theoretical background of this problem formation has been explained and then has been presented a coherent model. That review and develop the applicability of e-learning in Iran's higher education for the post-Corona era. This model was created based on the grounded theory method with a qualitative analysis of the views and experiences of 18 selected participants. It is composed of related dimensions, including; quantitative and qualitative development of technical possibilities, optimal and agile training of human factors, individual and collective agency, research and knowledge management in universities. These are realized and improved around the core of the model. The model core is the dynamic and supportive macro structure. Hence, this model intends to synchronize universities and structures of higher education. In order to review and develop the e-learning in the post-corona. In addition, it offers policy insights for its actualization. The most important of these insights at the macro level; Decentralization on the management and planning of e-learning, ability to talk with universities to provide opportunities based on field, drawing supportive policies based on scientific evidence, and systematic and contextual monitoring of university performance. On the other hand, at the university level, insights such as; the action freedom of academic agents in the quantity and quality of using e-learning, demanding and intelligent intervention in the policies of institutional structures, optimal and fair learning opportunities for the development of e-learning literacy of human agents, active and critical participation of academic agents in university policies and programs, and the development of electronic systems focusing on the interaction of pedagogy and technology.

One of the key implications of the growing trend of higher education in Iran has been the devaluation of university education and its emergance as a phenomenon of vacant seats. Therefore, the question of this study is how the massification of higher education in Iran led to the formation of empty seats? For this purpose, the qualitative method of phenomenology was used. The community of participants in this approach included 14 higher education experts who were purposefully selected with the criterion of having lived experiences in the field of mass education of higher education and Semi-structured interviews and content analysis were performed using spiral qualitative analysis. In the context of this analysis, the framework of understanding how the phenomenon of vacant seats was formed during the mass higher education period in Iran was understood and created. This framework shows that the four key factors include the dominance of government interventionist thinking in higher education with different political, economic, justice-seeking logics, science-evasive academic management system, Academic processes incompatible with a changing social environment and a transformative quality-seeking society underlie the failure of mass education in Iran. This study can help to rethink the mass flow of higher education in Iran for Facing the phenomenon of empty seats.

The meaning and importance of the curriculum in higher education in connection with the developments of higher education in the social field, has undergone fundamental changes. Hence, the question is how such a situation is represented in the Iranian context? Therefore, the focus of the present study was on the analysis of how to understand the curriculum in Iranian higher education studies using a phenomenological approach. In this context, curriculum studies in Iranian higher education was collected in the last decade by the systematic review method. Using a purposeful sampling technique, 57 articles were selected and qualitatively analyzed in two levels of open and axial coding. As a result, four ways of the understanding curriculum in selected articles, were identified, defined and explained by experimental examples: 1) task-oriented understanding, 2) responsive understanding, 3) project-oriented understanding and 4) learning- research understanding. These ways of understanding were defined and explained by citing empirical examples. The common denominator of the three primary ways is that it dominates the traditional and limited meaning of the curriculum (mechanisms for selecting, organizing and transferring knowledge in a course of study) on the intellectual foundations of curriculum studies in Iranian higher education. Also, the quasi-learning way indicates the dominance of the limited and traditional meaning of the curriculum on the intellectual foundations of the limited number of studies that have studied the curriculum in higher education is based on its broad meaning (the social process of understanding and developing meaningful learning experiences). As a result, understanding the curriculum in Iranian higher education studies is involved in the dogmatism of traditionalism, which can seriously jeopardize its usefulness for the excellence of university education and learning. This study can help to rethink the understanding and intellectual flow of the higher education field of study in order to get out of such an intellectual dogmatism.

by adopting a quantitative approach and using the survey method, the present study sought to analyze the performance of human resources management in identifying and addressing the needs of faculty members' professional development. finally, out of 850 faculty members of the Shahid Beheshti University, 270 members were selected as sample size and were sampled in a relative sampling process. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was calculated using Alpha coefficient of Kornbach .89. The data were analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the research indicated that the faculty members' knowledge of the needs for research, educational, personal, organizational and ethical development was reported to be high. However, HRM has only been reported to meet the needs of the training professional development and has been reported at a disadvantage in addressing other needs. Therefore, the fundamental gap between the needs of faculty members' professional development and the HRM function is evident in meeting these needs. Such a gap reflects the need to modify and modify HRM procedures in the needs assessment and planning of professional development of Such a gap reflects the need to modify and modify HRM procedures in the needs assessment and planning of professional development of faculty members.faculty members.

The purpose of this study was quantitative and qualitative analysis (anatomical blend) of classroom management components based on critical thinking in higher education. In the quantitative section, the survey focused on the extent to which the conditions for developing critical thinking in the classroom management component were considered, as well as the identification of distinguish professors in this field. Hereof, 330 people were selected by the Cochran formula as a research sample from a population of 2258 undergraduate humanitie's students at Shahid Beheshti University. A two-part questionnaire was used for collecting data. The results of statistical tests showed that the conditions for developing critical thinking in planning and organizing components are less than average, in the components of leadership and discipline are higher than average and in the evaluation component is considered moderate. In addition, 20 distinguished professors were identified. In the qualitative section, in the framework of the phenomenological method and using the purposeful sampling method, the living experiences of distinguished professors about the manners of classroom management components based on critical-thinking were investigated using semi-structured interview technique at two levels of open and axial coding. The findings of this section led to the formation of 12 fundamental and interconnected categories. These categories provide fundamental characteristics of classroom management components based on critical thinking to develop student's critical thinking in the classroom

In this research, deposition of AA7075-T6 coatings on AA2024-T351 substrates was studied. In order to investigate the influence of process parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure, the experiments were performed based on design of experiments using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Rotational speed (1200-1600 rpm), axial force (320-640 Kg) and feed rate (100-300 mm/min) were considered as input parameters, while coating width (w), coating thickness (t) and hardness of coating (HC), were raised as process outputs. The results reveal that joining of these two materials was done without any porosity at the interface. Hardness of coating showed a 30% decrease compared to the consumable rod in average. Thickness of deposition is decreased by increasing rotational speed, feed rate and axial force. If axial force is excessively increased, it results in development of an arc toward the plate along deposition. Microstructure of deposition turned into a totally fine-grained homogeneous structure in comparison with rod and plate microstructure.