hamid kariznovi

Correspondence analysis method and preparation of accidents and occupational hazards pattern is able to predict and anticipate accidents and is automatically prioritize the risks and injuries. The aim of this study was to present accidents and occupational hazards pattern based on risk-injury groups, which use it to manage of occupational accidents.
Material and The report of occupational accidents, registered in the social security organization was collected in a period of ten years from 2005 to 2015 (222,300 accidents). Types of risk and injuries to any of the accidents specified based on International Labor Organization criteria and risk of injury were classified in a matrix (18 × 18). Risk-injury groups were separately identified using correspondence analysis and collapse process, as patterns of accidents and occupational hazards. In the mentioned patterns, the relationship between risks and damage can be identified, as it facilitates decision-making in risk assessment in companies covered by the social security organization.
According to the findings, three groups of occupational accidents were obtained and variables of these three groups extracted from the obtained patterns. The first group included six risks and seven injuries that the risks variables were: contact with hot materials, accidents caused by caustic and corrosive substances, contact with chemicals, accidents caused by toxic substances, contact with electrical equipment, explosion and fire, and injuries were: burns, other injuries, multiple injuries, gas poisoning, suffocation, poisoning, environmental hazards. The second group included seven risks and six injuries that the risks variables were: accidents caused by displacement, projections of fragments or particles, accidents caused by machine tools, slipping, falling people, falling objects, other accidents and injuries were: twists and sprains, dipping the objects in the body, objects in the eyes, cuts and amputations, superficial wounds, deep wounds. Finally, the third group included five risks and five injuries that risks variables were: Falling under the rubble, accident with vehicle, accidents caused by displacement, colliding of persons against objects, projections of fragments or particles, accidents caused by manual tools, trapped between objects, accidents caused by machine tools and injuries were: fractures, dislocation, back pain, hitting, contusions and crushing. It should be noted that the study of these patterns can be used to identify and prioritize of occupational accidents.
The proposed groups make new opportunities for development of the applications to analyze, interpret and automate management of occupational accidents in order to minimize uncertainty and increase its objectivity. Its advantage over other similar analyses can be considering both the risks and injury and to obtain groups of two variables. Due to the frequency and distribution of mass of risk and injury variables in the groups, the risk and injury variables of group 3 are the most important, and the risk and injury variables of group 2 are less important and the risk and injury variables of group 1 have the least importance.

correspondence analysis method and preparation of accident and occupational hazards pattern enables forecasts and predictions of accidents and prioritizations of risks and injuries to be obtained automatically. The procedure for any company, regardless of its size is applicable. This study presents the first model accidents and occupational hazards as a first step to identify and predict accident in the workforces.
initially was collected reports of occupational accidents registered in the Social Security for a period of ten years (2005 – 2015) (222,300 accidents) and the type of risk and injury related to any of the accidents have been codified following the criteria of the International Labor Organization. In the next step, the average annual occupational accidents summarized in a contingency table, include of risk (R) as row and injury (A) as column, it called risk-injury matrix. Correspondence analysis was selected as the suitable method for optimizing the risk-injury matrix functions. Thus, we were used statistical software STATISTICA and correspondence analysis test for data analysis.
The obtained risk-injury group (the first pattern accidents and occupational hazards) include of six risks and seven injuries that the obtained pattern is composed of two dimensions: dimention1, with eigenvalue =0/562, dimention2, eigenvalue 0/419% is 78/6% of the total variance. The greatest affinities are contact with hot material (R11) with burn (A12); Accidents caused by burning and corrosive materials (R12) with other injuries (A18) and multiple injuries (A17); Contact with chemicals (R14) and accidents caused by toxic substances (R15) with gas shock (A14); Contact with electrical equipment (R13), explosions and fires (R17) with suffocation (A16) and poisoning (A13) and environmental hazards (A15) is the least affinity with other variables. Overall, mentioned variables have less affinity than other 23 variables.
This obtained risk-injury group includes all the of risk and injury variables related to the appearance of historically recent technological problems, the industrial revolution and scientific and technical development. In this group the Industrial accidents are identified in this group as risks associated with the work environment, and injuries being caused by the environment. This study is the first step to anticipate accidents and occupational hazards and prioritize risks and injuries and we can use these results fully to the goals came in the later stages.

Accidents happened as a result of LPG leakage emphasizes the importance of the consequence analysis of fire and explosion in LPG storage tanks. The purpose of this study is to analysis the consequences of fire and explosion in a cylindrical LPG storage tank in an oil and gas industry.

In this analytical study, four possible failure scenarios including 1) rupture in the cylindrical LPG tank 2) leakage from the loading line 3) leakage from the tank manhole and 4) undesirable opening of the safety valve, and their fire and explosion consequences were simulated by PHAST software. Then the results were compared with existing standards

The scenario of tank rupture leads to a radiation flux 37.5 kw/m2 affect a radius of 290 m from tank location that can cause major life and property losses. As the result of a flash fire due to the tanker rupture, there is a possibility of life-threatening to a radius of 520 m. An explosion (resulting from the tank rupture) with blast wave of 0.2 bar affect a radius of 2092 m that can cause the life and property losses. The scenario of leakage from the tank manhole leads to jet fire, explosion and flash fire. Also, the jet fire and flash fire will follow by the scenarios of leakage from the loading and undesirable opening of the safety valve.

With attention to severity the tank rupture and the likelihood of occurrence of the domino effect, it is recommended to substitute the horizontal cylindrical LPG tanks by the spherical ones. Also, an emergency response plan should be established based on the result of this study.