فهرست مطالب hamid reza moosavian

Canine distemper (CD) is the dogs’ most contagious and lethal viral disease. Despite the widespread use of vaccines to control CD, the prevalence of the CD virus (CDV) has increased at an alarming rate in recent years. 

To identify the genotypes responsible for the neurological and non-neurological clinical forms of CD and to investigate the presence of the virus in the neurological and non-neurological forms of the disease. 

In this descriptive-analytical study, the samples were collected from 70 CD suspected unvaccinated dogs with clinical signs of distemper. All cases were tested with rapid tests and separated into 3 groups based on clinical signs and symptoms. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), respiratory secretion, and fecal samples of allall 70 cases were examined for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). After sequencing the hemagglutinin gene (H gene), phylogenetic analysis of the gene isolated from CDVs was carried out using MEGA software, version 7. 

The RT-PCR results showed that the respiratory secretion sample in the non-neurological CDV group (85%) and the neurological CDV group (80%) had the highest level of virus contamination. However, in the non-neurological CDV group, the CSF sample (40%) had a high level of infection. In neurotic groups, cases older than 12 months showed the highest percentage of distemper contamination, and in the non-neurologic CDV group, those between 3 and 6 months were more involved. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the H gene revealed the CDV as a member of the endemic Arctic-like genetic lineage. 

The genotypic examination of the hemagglutinin gene of the distemper virus reveals that the recent isolates of neurologic and non-neurologic clinical forms of CDV in Iran are similar. In positive rapid test cases, the PCR test of respiratory secretions for virus detection ranks with the highest sensitivity. In neurologic cases with negative rapid test results, PCR of CSF had the highest sensitivity, so it may serve as a diagnostic criterion.

Obesity is a major problem in horses, unfortunately many times underrated by owners. Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is one of the obesity complications that can cause laminitis, hypertension, subfertility, and so on. Insulin dysregulation (ID) is the main feature of EMS that results from insulin resistance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of feeding management in obesity and EMS occur-rence.

Five hundred seventy horses were evaluated in this study. They were divided into the groups based on age, gender, breed, exercise activity, and feeding type. Glucose and insulin were measured using an AutoAna-lyzer device and ELISA kit, respectively.

Out of 570 horses, 2% had EMS while 14% were fat but obesity occurrence was higher in horses grazed in pasture (25%) compared to the horses that had not access to pasture (9%).

Results showed that prevalence of EMS under different feeding strategies is significantly dif-ferent. For the prevention of this important welfare issue, feeding management and routine exercise are the best ways.

A 9-year-old spayed female Terrier dog was evaluated for lethargy, anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia and dysuria. The dog had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus about 6 months ago and received subcutaneous doses of insulin. The patient showed insulin resistance and severe persistent fasting hyperglycemia in the face of high-dose insulin treatment, hyper-cholesterolemia and urinary tract infection. After a complete evaluation, the dog was diagnosed with a polycystic ovary and a cystic uterine remnant during an exploratory celiotomy. The polycystic ovary and cystic uterine remnant were removed and submitted for histopathological evaluation. Two weeks after surgery the blood glucose level and one month later serum cholesterol level were controlled, using a low level of insulin therapy (0.25 IU kg-1 Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, every 12 hr). In the present study, the clinical and laboratory results showed that ovarian remnant syndrome as an infrequently encountered condition in dog was related to some metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, uncontrolled hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and also recurrence urinary tract infection. To the best of authors’ knowledge, no reports of hypercholesterolemia in dog have been made before as a complication of ovarian remnant syndrome.

The use of free cutaneous or myocutaneous flaps in some surgeries, especially in reconstructive surgeries, is routine and imperative; nevertheless, it is controversial because of fear of flap loss due to tissue congestion and partial or complete necrosis. Different mechanisms are discussed in this process, and based on the involved mechanisms, various agents and approaches are suggested for flap salvage. Among these agents and strategies, leech therapy (hirudotherapy) can be a valuable complementary treatment; however, in this way, full attention should be given to all beneficial and harmful aspects to reach the best results.This study included a literature review of the essential complications following free tissue transfer and explained the effects of leech therapy for the respective complications. Based on the review of the literature, the essential complications following free tissue transfer were (I) venous obstruction and congestion, (II) delay in blood flow reestablishment, (III) ischemia/reperfusion injuries, and (IV) thrombus formation. Leech therapy can protect free flaps against the mentioned complications as a complementary treatment. Leech therapy is an appropriate complement, however, not a definite approach for flap salvage. Therefore, in some patients, other alternative methods or even flap removal may be a better option

Acute Spinal Subdural Hematoma (ASSH) is a rarely recognized condition that may result in severe irreversible neurologic complication. We presented a 7-year old girl was transferred to our hospital with limping and pain in lower extremities and acute paraplegia without history of direct trauma. The patient's lower limbs weakened. She was unable to bear weight. Deep Tendon Reflexes(DTR) in lower extremities had increased. Her MRI showed spinal subdural hematoma we reextended from T2 to T6. We performed laminectomy from T2 to T5 and about 70 cc of subdural hematoma was evacuated. After a month after the operation, the patient's neurological deficit resolved completely. The case illustrates the need of attention to clinical manifestation of acute spinal subdural hematoma and early diagnosis to prevent irreversible neurologic complication.

Here we report a 5-month-old boy with thiamine Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia syndrome (TRMA syndrome) with several attacks of stroke. In addition to the cardinal clinical manifestations of the syndrome (thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensor neural hearing loss), the patient showed the ischemic attack of stroke. Megaloblastic anemia and Diabetes were diagnosed at 8 months and was successfully treated with vitamin and insulin prescription. After treatment of thiamine diabetes was controlled and insulin was discontinued. In spite of the thiamine administration, the second stroke as hemorrhagic stroke was occurred in the patient after a few months. TRAMA is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. TRMA was confirmed by mutation in SLC19A2. A homozygous splice site variant was detected in SLC19A2 gene. According to our knowledge stroke was not reported in this syndrome (only in one report about one attack in an adult patient) but in this patient several attacks of stroke was report before and after thiamin administration.