فهرست مطالب [email protected] bahari

The first experience to form a party in Iran dates back to the constitutional era. However, the first constitutional political parties could not have a dynamic life and soon disappeared. In this article, we try to answer the question: "What factors were influential in the discontinuity of the first political parties of the constitutional era?”. To answer this question, we have hypothesized that "the existence of a traditional structure and the lack of manifestations of Iranian modernity at that time did not create the necessary grounds for the emergence of parties. Modernization by creating social mobility increases the desire for political participation in groups and individuals of the community. Thus, political parties will emerge at certain stages of modernization. In this research, the authors use historical documentation and the library method