فهرست مطالب hassan salari

Phytoremediation of lead using plants in lead-contaminated soils is a new and safe environmental technology. By adding chelators and increasing plant extraction, the efficiency of this technology can be increased. In this regard, we evaluated the effect of adding EDTA chelates to lead-contaminated soils to investigate the amount of lead accumulation in a medicinal plant, Calendula officinalis. We designed a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized, with three replicates in pots and two factors including EDTA at two levels (0, 50 mg kg-1) and lead at four levels (0, 30, 90, and 270 mg kg-1). In this plant, the accumulation of lead was accompanied by an increase in the amount of lead in the soil due to the addition of EDTA to the soil. The results showed that EDTA significantly increased the lead translocation of lead from roots to the aerial part of the plant.Total Chl. and shoot dry weight decrease significantly in EDTA treatment than control specific at a high level of Pb in the soil. Also, the results showed that EDTA increased lead removal from soil to soil solution and increased lead translocation from roots to the aerial part of the plant of Calendula officinalis. In general, the results of this research showed that with the careful management and EDTA use in lead extraction, it has provided a cost-effective and safe environmentally strategy.

More than 22% of the world's agricultural land is saline, and this trend continues to increase with climate changes. Salinity stress causes leaf color change, osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, prevents growth, photosynthesis and plant performance. Due to their size less than micron, metal nanoparticles have a great absorption and transmission power in plants. Salinity stress is a major problem in hot and dry areas under tomato cultivation. For this purpose, investigating the mutual effects of the size and type of zinc oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles on the improvement and change of growth and increasing the resistance to salt stress in tomato plants of the early urbana variety were carried out in the form of a completely randomized and factorial design with 4 replications, at a significant level of 5%. In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles in 25 and 50 nm sizes, iron oxide in 25 nm sizes and sodium chloride in 0 and 75 mM levels were used. Nanoparticles and salinity treatments were both applied to the plants. The results showed that salt stress led to a decrease in plant growth parameters such as shoot and root length, leaf area, RWC, ion leakage. Also, NaCl led to an increase in the accumulation of prolin and other aldehydes, sodium, iron and zinc. The application of nanoparticles had a slight effect in stress-free conditions, but in stressed conditions, these two nanoparticles alone and especially in combination neutralized the effect of salinity and reduced the damage caused by salinity stress.

Data spectroscopy using is one way to study the properties and properties of plants. Plants that exposure to heavy metals induces a stressful reaction that can affect the reflectance spectrum of the plant and its spectral response. Eucalyptus camaldulensis ,Ficus carica، Punica granatum and Cupressus arizonica were used to investigate the spectroscopy as heavy metal-contaminated plants and non-contaminated at Gojar Mine in Kerman province. Also some plants from the around Mahan and Kerman were selected as control samples. The results of the spectroscopy of the Gojer mine plants showed differences in their spectral images with control plant samples. The accumulationability of plants Brassica napus, Cannabis sativa,Lepidiums ativumto absorb heavy metals carried out to investigate the spectral change caused via heavy metal accumulation.The absorption spectra of the tested and control plants were significantly different in all three plants. Spectral studies on Brassica napus, Cannabis sativa, Lepidiums ativum showed that these plants are useful in identifying areas that are heavily metal contaminated.

To identify chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Calendula officinalis, the flowers of this plant which grows in a village in Kerman Province in July 2013 were collected. The samples were cleaned and then drying in the shade, making essential oil hydro distillation method was performed. Essential oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) using flame ionization (FID) and capillary gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for detection. Also antibacterial activity of essential oil this plant was determined against gram negative and gram positive bacteria in this study by diameter ofinhibition zone.The main oil content from the plants of Calendula officinalis was 0.25%. The nineteen compounds were identified in the essential oil of Calendula officinalis that concluded 98.56% of the total oil. The major components were δ-cadinene (25.67%), α-cadinol (21.37%), Epi-α-muurolol(12.45%)and γ-cadinene(8.22%). For study of antibacterial activity of the oil sample, the essential oil tested against six bacteria by disc diffusion method. The antibacterial effects of this essential oil was determined against gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (PTCC=1436) and Streptococcus faecalis (PTCC=1237) and gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeroginosa (PTCC=11430), Shigella flexneri (PTCC=1716), Kellebsiella pnuomonae (PTCC=1053) and Escherichia coli (PTCC=1533). Effect of essential oil of Calendula officinalis on gram positive bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis, gram negative bacterium Kellebsiella pnuomonae and Escherichia coli were examined and compared with tetracycline antibiotic. The results showed the essential oil of Calendula officinalis had anti-bacterial effects in comparison to common antibiotics.

In this study, the effect of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles was examined on the survival of the oranges. The experiment was conducted in a factorial design with three factor based on a completely randomized design with three blocks. Treatments were included in the 6 levels of silver nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm), Orange varieties at three levels (Local, Valensia and Blood) and storage cycle at three levels (harvest time, one and three months after harvest). Fruit diameter and length, TDS, Titratable acidity, decay percent, weight of meat and fruit pulp, Vitamin C and electrolyte leakage in zero-day, one-month and three months after storage were measured. The results showed that the nanoparticles had a significant effect on all traits. Concentration of 25 ppm nanoparticles decreased decay percent, 90 percent compared with the control. No significant difference was observed between 20 and 25 ppm concentration. The length and diameter of fruits blood figure was less than the other two varieties. Decay percent in the blood were lower than the other two varieties. The overall results of the blood and 20 and 25 ppm concentration of nanoparticles showed the greatest effect in reducing postharvest losses.

Sulphur is one of the waste elements in coal material which is in two forms, organic and inorganic. The amount of sulphur more than acceptable quantity in coal concentration affects the environment and coke characteristics. The quality of steel is depended on the quantity of sulphur in coke. High sulphur in entering materials to the steel furnace causes inferior steel. Also, sulphur in heat coal makes SO2 gas which has negative environmental effects. Different chemical, physical and biological techniques are investigated for removing sulphur from coal. In recent years, new method for desulfurization from coal is expressed with improving biotechnology and microbial mining. In this research, feasibility study of depyritization from Tabas coal using bioflotation method in laboratory scale was considered. In these tests, Pyrite in coal pulp depressed with desulfurization bacteria. To carry out bioflotation tests, a sample from C1 seam (Tabas, Parvadeh Mine, no. 2) was used. After comminuting and screening, the coal material less than 500 micron was used as flotation feed. A Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacterium was obtained from the biotechnology laboratory at Sarcheshme Copper Mine. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was cultured in 9K medium. Bioflotation tests were carrying out in Denver flotation cell and the important parameters such as pulp density, particle size, bacterial density and interaction time were optimized. Final results indicated that by using the mentioned method, the pyritic and total sulphur were decreased about %62 and %35, respectively.

AMIR-AʿLAM (1876-1961), a graduate from the medical school of Lyon, France, tried over 55 years to improve the health institutions and education of modern medicine in Iran. He was Professor of Anatomy at the Dār al-funūn and then at Tehran University, a member of Majlis-i ḥifẓ al-ṣiḥḥa (House of sanitation) and co-founder of many modern health organizations in Iran. He was the founder of the Ahmadiyya Hospital, founder of the first women's clinic (later became known as Amir Alam Hospital) and was the founder of the Red Lion and Sun Organization (Jamʿiyat-e šir o ḵoršid-e sorḵ-e Irān) and the Hazraty hospital of Khorasan. As a Member of Parliament, Amir Alam was responsible for passing of the Health Protection and Smallpox Vaccination Act and the Medical Practice Act (Qānun-e ṭebābat). It was at his official request, as the head of the House of sanitation, which vaccine production began at the Pasteur Institute of Iran. He worked with some of the Medical School professor to write a textbook on anatomy (Kalbadshenasi tousifi). He was a permanent member of the Persian Academy (Farhangestān) and involved in the proposal and approved for many medical terms

Pathogenic bacteria are important causes of disease in humans and agricultural products contamination. Side effects of chemical preservatives necessitate research on the use of a special blend of natural oils to prevent the growth of bacteria. The aim of this study was elucidating the antibacterial effect of the essential oil of Teucrium polium on human pathogenic bacteria in the Kerman province. In order to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Teucrium polium, the leaves with young branches of this plants which grows naturally in a village in Kerman province at full flowering stage in May 2010 were collected. The samples were cleaned and then dried in the shade. The plants essential oil was prepared by hydro-distillation method. Essential oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) using flame ionization (FID) and capillary gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was determined against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria by disc diffusion method. The total oil content of Teucrium polium plant was 0.75%. Twenty eight compounds were identified in the essential oil that included 99.75% of the total oil. The major components were α-pinene (12.52%), Linalool (10.63%) and Caryophyllene oxide (9.69%). For study of antimicrobial activity of the oil sample, the essential oil was tested against 9 bacteria by disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial effects of this essential oil was determined against three Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus areous (PTCC 1431), Staphylococcus epidermidis (PTCC 1436), Streptococcus faecalis (PTCC 1237); as well as six Gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeroginosa (PTCC 11430), Shigella flexneri (PTCC 1716), Kellebsiella pneuomonae(PTCC=1053), Salmonella typhi (PTCC=1609), Serratia marcescens (PTCC 1187) and Escherichia coli (PTCC 1533). The antimicrobial effects of this essential oil on the Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and on all the Gram negative bacteria tested was much higher than those observed by tetracycline. The results showed the essential oil of Teucrium polium had strong anti-bacterial effects. The relatively high contents of α-pinene and Linalool in the essential oil may be the cause of its potential medicinal effects

Recognition and evaluation of main factors of Aluminum toxicity in different regions (especially industrial zones) is important. In recent research, in order to evaluate the effects of industrial zones on environmental Al3+ content, we carried out sampling from soil, plant and industrial wastewater in six industrial zones of Kerman province (including Kerman Cement factory and Barez Tire factory, Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex, CSP, Industrial Zone No.1 and Khazra industrial zone) and a non industrial zone (control). Soil samples were taken from 30cm depth, plant samples were sampled in these zones for 10 replicates. After sampling and sample preparation, the parameters such as soil pH, soil exchangeable Aluminum, total Aluminum of soil, plant Aluminum content, industrial wastewater pH and industrial wastewater Aluminum were determined in lab. The soil exchangeable Aluminum content was determined by extracting with 1N KCl and total Aluminum was measured with acid digestion and atomic absorption method. Soil and industrial wastewater pH was measured with pH meter. The data was analyses by one-way ANOVA method (SPSS 10.0 software) statistically. The results showed that the amount of soil, industrial wastewater and plant Aluminum content increased significantly in two industrial zones including Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex and CSP when compared with environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards and other zones. Soil and industrialwastewater pH also significantly decreased in these two zones decrease compared with other zones and control (pH of soil samples equaled with critical range of pH=5 approximately). We didnt observe increase in total Aluminum amount of soil in these zones when compared with other zones. Therefore increasing of the soil exchangeable Aluminum content in these two zones indicated that the required conditions for Aluminum realizing from soil particles is available. Accordingly, releasing industrial wastewater and pollutant gases (sulphoure components) from industrial zones (Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex and CSO) causes increasing exchangeable Aluminum soil slowly and accumulates within plants. So, the possibility of Aluminum toxicity increases in agricultural and residential regions. Therefore, we should concern controlling, evaluation and management of this important environmental problem.