hasti daraei

The field of nanotechnology has demonstrated remarkable potential in effectively addressing environmental issues through remediation, particularly in extracting and removing pollutants from water, air, and human samples. The unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface area (HSA) to volume ratio, size, and optical and magnetic behavior, make them well-suited for various applications in pollution control in different matrixes. Nanotechnology-based adsorbents are utilized in multiple fields such as water wastewater treatment, air purification filters, photocatalysis, environmental monitoring, electrochemical sensors, industrial, human sample analysis, and bioanalysis. Nanoadsorbents such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (G), metal oxide nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), nanocomposites, magnetic nanoparticles, and silica-based nanomaterials are materials at the nanoscale that can remove pollutants by solvent extraction, membrane separation, photocatalysis, sorption, filtration, adsorption, precipitation, ion exchange, bioremediation, phytoremediation, coagulation, flocculation, and chemical oxidation/reduction technique. These nanomaterials are designed to have high surface areas and unique properties that effectively absorb various contaminants. The choice of nano adsorbent depends on the specific pollutants targeted, the environmental conditions, the physicochemical characteristics of the pollutant, and the desired application. Ongoing research is exploring new nanomaterials and optimizing existing ones to improve efficiency and address potential environmental and safety concerns. In summary, nanotechnology holds great potential for extracting and removing pollutants in water, air, soil, and human samples, using innovative methods for environmental protection and public health.

The prevalence and spread of the prevailing diseases, including the cutaneous leishmaniosis, is affected by ecological factors in addition to economic, social and cultural issues. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of climatic factors on the incidence of urban and rural cutaneous leishmaniosis in Kerman and Arzooieh in 2015-2019.

The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study which was performed on all patients with the definitive diagnosis of urban cutaneous leishmaniosis living in Sarasiab area of Kerman, and the rural type living in Arzooieh who referred to leishmaniosis treatment centers; From the second half of 2015 to the end of 2019. They were included in the study using the census method.

A total of 332 patients with cutaneous leishmaniosis participated in the study. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean and deviation from the standard of patients in each season of the year in Sarasiab area of the city (p<0.05). Moreover, in the head mill area of Kerman province  a statistically significant difference was observed between temperature, precipitation and wind speed, monthly with a delay of 4 months and the rate of infection per million people (p<0.05).

The results of the present study showed that only in the urban type of leishmaniosis, there was a significant relationship between climatic factors and disease. Therefore, considering the seasons, studying all climatic factors simultaneously and with a delay of several months, the geographical distribution of the disease from different epidemiological and ecological aspects can be effective in reducing and controlling the disease.

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the removal of phenol with nanoparticles zero valent iron and iron powder. The effect of various parameters such as initial concentration, pH, contact time, and dosage of NZVI and Fe powder was examined, and a Central Composite Design (CCD) was then applied to appraisal the effect of these variables. The chemical and physical characteristics of NZVI were studied with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results displayed that the adequate initial concentration for phenol sorption, pH, contact time, and sorbent dosage were 5 mg/L, pH 2, 54.75 min and 1.40 g in the case of NZVI and 5 mg/L, pH 2, 55.84 min and 2.5 g in the case of Fe powder. The Central Composite Design (CCD) showed that the fundamental parameters were pH and initial phenol concentration had the main effect on phenol removal.

Phenol is one of the serious pollutants from the chemical and petrochemical industries. This pollutant due to its convoluted structure is resistant to biodegradation. One of the methods that are useful to remove this pollutant is advanced oxidation (AOP).A laboratory scale study was done on a synthetic wastewater containing phenol. All experiments were done in batch conditions and effect of variables pH, amount of hydrogen peroxide, iron dosage, contact time and an initial concentration on the phenol removal were tested. The remaining phenol concentration was evaluated using the DR-5000 device. In order to effect of these parameters, the experiment was performance at pH 2 to 6, 5 to 45 ml/ml of peroxide, and time of 5 to 60 minutes with 2 to 15 g/ml iron (Fe˚).The optimum pH, the ratio of hydrogen, Fe˚and time were 3, 15 ml, 8g and 5 minutes respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) index was chosen as the parameter for evaluation in this study. Result showed that mineralization of phenol was not complete. The COD removal efficiency was obtained 71%.According to the results of this study, Fenton-like process can be used for conversion organic resistant compounds to other compounds with lower toxicity.

Phenol is a major toxicant present in industrial effluent that can adversely affect the biological treatment of wastewater. Conventional methods for removal of this chemical compound from wastewater are often expensive، hence; cheap and available methods for wastewater treatment are required. The aim of present research is to develop economic، fast، and versatile method for the removal of toxic organic pollutants from wastewater using membrane eggshell. In this research the effect of various parameters such as pH، contact time، temperature، dosage of shell membrane، and initial concentration of phenol were investigated. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to evaluate the effect of these variables. The chemical and physical characteristics of eggshell membranes were studied through SEM and XRF analysis. The results indicated that the optimum values for pH، dosage of shell membrane، contact time، temperature، and initial concentration for phenol sorption were 3. 63، 3. 78 g، 115. 50 min، 20 ºC and 5 mg/L، respectively. The results of the CCD analysis showed that pH and phenol concentrations are fundamental parameters affecting the efficiency. Results showed that eggshell، as a solid waste of the food industries، can be used as an effective sorbent for removal of phenol and other organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.

Small intestinal (SI) volvulus is defined as a rotation of greater than 180 degrees about its mesentery of a segment of jejunum or ileum. Horses of all ages have been affected. There is typically an acute onset of signs of mild to severe pain.. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbial pathogens of the duodenum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum (feces) in associated with volvulus horse, and to determine whether rectal (fecal) samples are representative of proximal segments of the gastrointestinal tract.. A brown 26 years old mare, BCS (body condition score) 4 was found dead in stall in the morning. It was moved to a suitable area to conduct a post-mortem exam. The mare was examined in hanging position and then left lateral-recumbent. Advanced abdominal tympany was present. Clinical signs, laboratory data, surgical or necropsy findings, clinic-histopathological findings and outcome for horse with SI volvulus was obtained from medical records, and identified by manual review. Horsefeces and colon were collected in autopsy. Fecal material was scooped from the center of a freshly defecated bolus into sterile sample cups, which were placed into plastic anaerobe jars with PackAnaero sachets (Mitsubishi Gas Co. via Remel, Lenexa, KS) and transported to the laboratory. Alternatively, colon contents were collected from horse at the autopsy by direct incision into the colon immediately after the horse was autopsied. The samples were transported anaerobically to the laboratory.. On opening the abdominal cavity; a large quantity of sanguineous, foul-smelling fluid with pus exited the perforated bowel wall (hemoperitoneum). Additionally, signs of an acute diffuse peritonitis were visible. The blood vessels of the stomach and intestines were distended. Small intestinal volvulus was observed in several segments (360 degree rotation involving the mesentery). This information may aid diagnosis and prognosis and guide to decision making for horses with this condition.. The present study results can be used to make a scientific assessment of prognosis in the pre-operative, operative, and post-operative management of horses with small intestinal volvulus. Bacterial infectivity results from a disturbance in the balance between bacterial virulence and host resistance. The “objective” of bacteria is to multiply rather than to cause disease; it is in the best interest of the bacteria to kill the host. Rectal samples were not entirely representative of intestinal compartments in the small or large intestine. This should be taken into account when designing studies using fecal sampling to assess other intestinal compartments, suggesting that parts of the intestinal microbiota were unique to each animal in this study..

Phenol and chlorophenol are among the serious pollutants in industrial effluents. These pollutants in drinking water have a medicinal taste and are quite pronounced and objectionable. The aim of this research was investigation the feasibility potential of nano particle zero valent iron for phenol and chlorophenol removal from aqueous solutions. nZVI was synthesized by reduction of ferric chloride by sodium borohydrid. Finally, the chemical and physical characterization of sorbents carried out with SEM analysis. The Batch experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pH, chlorophenol and phenol concentration, sorbent dosage, contact time and temperature. Then for experiments the central composite design (CCD) was applied to appraisal the effect of these variables. Results showed that the adequate initial concentration for phenol removal, pH, contact time, and dosage of nZVI were at 5 mg/L, 2, 54.75 min, and 1.40 g, respectively. Also results showed that the adequate initial concentration for chlorophenol removal, pH, contact time, and dosage of nZVI were at 5 mg/L, 4, 70 min and, 1.33g, respectively. According to the results of this study and high resistance in degradation by biological processes, iron nano particles can be used for phenol removal and its compound. Also, the results of the CCD showed that the fundamental parameters resulted from pH and phenol concentration having an intense effect on the efficiency.

Backgrounds and Phenol is one of the organic pollutants that is found in industrial effluents and is very toxic for human and environment. This study proposes the use of ostrich feathers as a natural source of active amino acids to remove phenol from aqueous solution. For this study، ostrich feather has been used as a synthetic adsorbent in removal of phenol in different doses 0. 2، 0. 3، 0. 5، 0. 7، 1، 1. 5 g/100 ml. Besides، the effects of changing contact time، pH، adsorbent dose and temperature has been determined. Description of adsorption Freundlich isotherm has also been accomplished and Excel software for analyzing the data was used. The result obtained revealed that by increasing the dosage of the sorbent from 0. 2 g to 0. 7 g the adsorption increases. The adsorption of phenol decreases by the increase of the pH value of the solution. In addition، it is observed that the contact time significantly affect the rate of phenol adsorption (70%) from solution. Generally، the adsorbent was applied successfully for treating industrial water samples and aqueous solution. ►Please cite this paper as: Manshouri M، Yazdanbakhsh AR، Daraei H. Determine the Optimum Parameters of Phenol Removal from Industrial Effluents by Using Ostrich Feathers.

Phenol and its compounds are common environmental contaminants، which because of their potential harm to human health، are considered as priority pollutants. In this study، the potential of ostrich feather for phenol removing from aqueous solution was studied. Removing the phenol from the aqueous solution was studied via considering the effect of absorbent (0. 1، 0. 2، 0. 3، 0. 5، 0. 7، 1 and 1. 5)، initial phenol concentration (1 to 50 mg/L)، contact time (30 min to 30 hr) and pH (2 to 9) in batch phase. The Description of adsorption Freundlich isotherm has also been accomplished and Excel Software was employed for analyzing the data. In the Batch ion-exchange process، it reached equilibrium after about 24 hour of contact and the maximum removal of phenol received in the pH range 2 for an initial concentration of 1 mg/L and 0. 7 g adsorbent dose. Ostrich feather has higher adsorption capacity for phenol in low densities. However، the experimental results indicated that the capability of feather to absorb phenol and consequently its possible utilization in the treatment of phenol-contaminated solution and its adsorptive capacity is limited in high densities.

The presence of phenol and its derivatives in water and wastewater are of major concern because of their toxicity and threat to human life and environment. In this study, ostrich feather has been used as a new adsorbent in removal of phenol in different doses of 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 g and the effects of changing contact time, pH, adsorbent dose and temperature has been determined. Then, the adsorption data were described with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms and Excel software for analyzing the data was used. The results obtained revealed that by increasing the dosage of the sorbent from 0.2 to 0.7 g the adsorption increases. The adsorption of phenol decreases by the increase of the pH value of the solution. Also, it is observed that the contact time significantly affect the rate of phenol adsorption (70%) from solution. The adsorption equilibrium was well represented by the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The results showed that the ostrich feathers, a solid waste produced in poultry processing plant, can be used as an effective biosorbent for removal phenol in aaqueous solution.

Background and Phenol is an organic pollutant that is found in industrial effluents and is very toxic to human and the environment. The purpose of this study was to use the ostrich feathers ash as a natural absorbent to remove phenol from aqueous solution. For this study, ostrich feather ash was used as a new adsorbent in removal of phenol at different doses (0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 g). Çhanges following the effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature and initial phenol concentration have been recorded. Then, the adsorption data were described with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms and Ëxcel software was used for data analysis. There is a dose-dependent relationship between phend adsorption by absorbent at doses ranging from 0.2-2 g. The adsorption of phenol decreases following an increase in the pH of the solution. Âlso, it is observed that the contact time significantly affects the rate of phenol adsorption (77%) from solution.Çonclusion: Generally, the studied adsorbent was applied successfully for treating industrial water samples and aqueous solution.