فهرست مطالب hiva rastegar moghadam

It is expected that accountants provide information which increases the ability of decision making and professional judgement. In this regard, the rendered information should entail characteristics such as ethical principles. In other words, professional accountants should comply not only with the accounting standards and technical norms, but also with ethics which is a preventive factor in financial fraud and corruption. However, the question is how to equip accounting graduates with ethical competencies. Increasing attention to this issue in recent years has resulted in creation of some models for educating ethical competencies. In the present research, the validity of three-dimensional model of ethical competencies’ education has been analyzed. Three-dimensional model of ethical competencies’ education emphasizes on education of eleven competencies as a separate course with combinational teaching method. The statistical population has consisted of bachelor students majoring accounting at the universities in Tehran. Moreover, two-stage sampling technique has been used as a sampling method. The research has been implemented using Pretest-posttest control group design and the data have been analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance. The results have shown that the mentioned ethical education has developed the students’ moral judgements. So, it is expected that by using the model in academia, accounting graduates will become familiarized with necessary competencies to make ethical decisions.

One of the leading characteristics of accounting profession is its accountability to the public. Unfortunately, occurrence of recent financial crisis has dwindled the trust to accounting profession. Many researchers believe that the destroyed trust can only be recovered by ethical leadership and learning ethics. Therefore, the objective of the present research is to offer a model for ethical competencies’ education in accounting profession. The desired model includes three aspects namely recognition of ethical competencies, teaching method, and the accounting course in which the mentioned competencies should be taught. In this research, the required data were gathered in 1398(Iranian year) from the 150 questionnaires which were distributed among accounting elites including accounting lecturers and certified public accountants. Fuzzy Delphi methodology with screening approach is used to analyze the data. Based on the results, eleven ethical competencies are recognized which should be taught using combinational method separately rather than teaching as a sub-set of an accounting course. In general, it is expected that using the mentioned model for ethical competencies’ education in academic environments will familiarize the accounting students with the necessary competencies needed to make ethical decisions. And then, by improving the accounting decision making in workplaces, graduates can pave the way toward public’s trust to accounting profession.

The conflict of interest between managers and stockholders is one of the salient matters in economics, finance and accounting. One of the ways for resolving this conflict is the timely loss recognition. Many factors have impact on timely loss recognition. In this paper, we investigated the effect of ownership structure on Earnings conservatism, and analyzed whether the extent of timely loss recognition shown by firms with a controlling owner for the purpose of decreasing the information asymmetries depends on 1) the ownership share of controlling owner and 2) the divergence between controlling owner's voting and cash flow rights. In this paper, we have used an extension of the regression proposed by Basu (1997) for analyzing the data and 56 companies during 2005-09 from database. In general, our results document a negative relationship between the ownership share of controlling owner and the level of earnings conservatism and this result is consistent with the reduction of external contracting. In addition, we also find a negative relationship between earnings conservatism and the divergence of controlling owner's voting and cash flow rights. By increasing this divergence, firm is confronted with higher costs of external contracting.