hosein arian

The purpose of the present article is to explain the foundations of Fariba and Fafi's knowledge and the formation of her feminine language, based on the theory of image schemas. Therefore, the present research aims to show that, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, metaphor is not just a linguistic tool in order to decorate words; Rather, it is a cognitive tool that is undoubtedly related to the author's gender. This article has been done by analytical-descriptive method based on library studies and its theoretical framework is indebted to Johnson's visual schema theory. In this article, after reflecting on cognitive linguistics, we have lingered on metaphor, and then by introducing the theory of image schemas and its branches, we have reported the image schemas of Fariba Wafi's works. In the end, this article comes to the conclusion that Wafi's image schemas represent her cognitive system as a woman and are considered to strengthen the foundation of her experiences to achieve a specific language. By discovering the image schemas used in Wafi's works, it can be seen that the image schemas of this author's works originate from the unity of her stable attitude and actions as a woman with her cultural and physical environment, and all of this ultimately leads to the formation of a special language for her.

At the height of the flourishing of culture and art in the age of Ilkhans, one of the institutions that had a great contribution to these cultural and artistic developments were the new schools established in this period.Among the most important schools of this period are the schools of Soltaniyeh, which were established during the election of this city as the capital of Iran and flourished with the efforts of Shia scholars who came to this city at the invitation of the Mughal Sultan and continued their activities for a long time. During their presence in these schools, these scholars trained many students and authored valuable works. One of these schools is the "Seyareh School"(mobile School), which was headed by “al-Allama al-Hilli”, and it is considered a unique example of such schools and has made a significant contribution to the development of religious education at the beginning of the 14th century. In this research, while examining the history of these schools, teachers and works written by Shia scholars have been identified and remembered in them

Abu Saeed Abul Khair (died 440 AH) is a prominent mystic of the Saqr school of Khorasan who innovatively formulates a new basis in his mystical conduct, and that is giving authenticity to joy and happiness, that is, in designing his theoretical and practical mysticism, he starts from ontology, that the presence of truth is a place for He did not leave any exception and in such a presence, he will not deserve anything other than joy and happiness, and man will not hide in his skin under the shelter of the truth of happiness, and from this ecstasy and enthusiasm, a spiritual force should be created to get closer to God, and in this article, with the method of logical analysis and with references The primary sources of proof of Abu Saeed's innovative point of view have been analyzed and documented again and it is concluded that happiness can also be used as a suitable means for mysticism, and the mission of mysticism, which is to provide peace, optimism and hope, can be achieved in such mysticism. Poetic hymns, hearing and dance become necessary in such a view.

This study is on of Examining the verb modal in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry by considering the verb modal. Based on different theories and from fundamental positions, the verb modal reflects the writer's point of view. So, this tool can be used to examine the inner thoughts and thoughts of the author. This study aims to examine the the verb modalto explain Forough’s attitude and point of view and study his mind and soul deeply, to answer this fundamental question, how dose Forough Farrokhzad's thoughts and ideas reflect in the syntax of words and can Forough's thought be received among the the modal of his poetic actions? The importance of this research is in examining and analyzing the the verb modal, it is possible to achieve the style, knowledge and sense of forough.In this article, we study the the verb modalin Forough Farrokhzad's poems collection, called "Another Birth", while analyzing various theories about the the verb modal. By providing samples, we concluded that in most cases, Forough used obligation aspect to express thoughts, nostalgic feelings, escape to childhood , to express regrets, wishes and failures. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and after collecting poetic evidence it has been studied and analyzed.

In this article, the historical course of the story of Yusef is different interpretations is examined. The purpose of the article is to examine the history of the interpretation of Surah Yusef and to examine this story and the commentators' attitude towards a single Quranic story. First, the story has been extracted according to the narration of the commentators and its keys points, then the obtained keys have been analyzed and divided into separate sections, the evidence of each of them has been mentioned. Finally, the method of narration and the approach if commentators to the story of Yusef and their interpretations have been examined. Interpretations of the Quran exist in different interpretations classes or groups due to the tendency or method of interpretation. In this research, with regard to different interpretations groups, the key interpretations or exegetes have been mentioned.The method of research is the Discourse analysis of the commentators' word and the texture of interpretations has been examined from the semantic and pragmatic.The method of research is the Discourse analysis of the commentators' word and the texture of interpretations has been examined from the semantic and pragmatic.

There is no doubt that great Persian poets such as Ferdowsi, Saadi, Hafez and Nezami are the architect, criterion, acid test and preserver of language, language identity and Persian eloquence. One of the cornerstones of Persian language and eloquence is Hafez Shirazi. Hafez’s poems have been studied and analyzed from different approaches. In the present study attempt has been made to examine the imposed restriction in Hafez’s speech and understand what methods exist in Persian language for creating restriction in speech to be worthy of attention as far as art's esthetics approach, eloquence and applied semantics are concerned. To do so, while extracting and categorizing restrictive cases and providing generalizable rulesare dealt, various issues have been conducted Hafez’s art and as enjoying the above linguistic techniques. Mentioning palaces in Persian language have been made more with yardstick of palace's eloquence in Arabic language without attention to Persian language specific structure whereas they have different structures in speech's highlighting. Furthermore, other cases also exist that have not been paid attention to. In the present study which has been carried out using descriptive analysis and quantitative and qualitative design aiming at attaining yardsticks and criteria for analyzing Persian literary texts in semantics approach. Therefore attempts have been made while examining the way comparing the principles in semantics with Persian language structure through data analysis, offering a model for artistic speech assessment is developed. To do so, following studying and examining Hafez’s sonnets and analyzing eloquence-syntax structure, some selections of his poems have been organized. Hafez uses restriction words constantly even though it may be regarded more ordinary and less importance in view point of literary criticism but in literature which is the arena for meta norms and escaping the norms, a master and rhetorician as Hafez even has enjoyed the above technique in a way that has not impaired speech. Therefore, the analysis of Hafez's poems from the point of view of semantics, especially bound and restriction, can be the grammatical and linguistic basis in Persian rhetoric.

The purpose of this paper is to explain the Forough's cognitive bases about the concept of death. This article intends to present the metaphors, similes, symbols, allegories of Forough based on Johnson pictorial schemas while using conceptual analysis method. Forough's pictorial schemas on abstract concept of death show that the metaphors of death is rooted in her lived experience and indicate her cognitive system. By identifying Forough's metaphorical mappings about death, it could be found the subcategories of the mappings, and understood how restricted numbers of mappings have shaped Forough 's life and thought and also unifies her attitudes and permanent reactions in physical, social, and cultural environment.