hossein ali danesh

Burns are the leading cause of disability and mortality in the world, which has led to serious economic and social consequences. 
The present study aimed to investigate fungal infections in burn patients admitted to Ali-ebn Abitalib Hospital in Zahedan.
This study was conducted from April 2023 to October 2023. The research population was 113 burn patients admitted to Ali-ebn Abitalib Hospital. Data was collected by recording demographic data, sampling lesions suspected of fungal infection, and laboratory tests. All samples were recognized using phenotypic methods such as microscopy and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 26.
About 13.3% of the studied burn patients had a positive fungal culture. The most common fungus grown in burn patients was Candida albicans/C. dubliniensis (46.6%), Aspergillus niger species complex (40%), Fusarium spp. (13.3%) Furthermore, Aspergillus fumigatus species complex (13.3%) and the prevalence of other species was less than 10%. It was also found that positive fungal culture in burn patients is directly related to age, high percentage of burns, and length of hospitalization. 
Considering the high prevalence of fungal infection in burn patients and the identification of influential risk factors, all patients should be examined for fungal infection.

Hospital-acquired fungal infections are becoming an increasingly significant cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Nurses play a pivotal role in preventing and managing these infections, yet their knowledge levels often remain unevaluated.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge of nursing staff in educational-medical hospitals in Zahedan, Iran, regarding fungal infections in 2023.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in three educational hospitals (Khatam Al Anbia, Ali ebn Abitaleb, and Bu Ali) in Zahedan. A total of 342 nurses with at least one year of work experience were included using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire: A demographic information form and a researcher-made questionnaire assessing knowledge about fungal infections across four domains—epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, with a P-value of less than 0.05 considered significant.

The mean age of participants was 40.70 ± 8.36 years, with an average work experience of 237.85 ± 133.02 months. Of the 342 nurses, 52.92% were female. The mean total awareness score was 12.63 ± 4.53 out of 25. Overall, 19.30% had very low awareness, 52.05% had low awareness, 26.32% had moderate awareness, and only 2.34% had high awareness. In the epidemiology domain, 69.30% had very low or low knowledge. For prevention, 61.11% showed very low or low awareness. In diagnosis, 61.40% had very low or low knowledge, and in treatment, 63.45% demonstrated very low or low awareness. No significant differences were found based on work experience, gender, age, educational level, or hospital affiliation (P > 0.05).

The study reveals a critical knowledge deficit among nursing staff in Zahedan regarding fungal infections. Over 70% of nurses demonstrate low or very low overall awareness, a trend consistent across all evaluated domains. This systemic issue underscores the urgent need for comprehensive, targeted educational interventions, ongoing professional development, and institutional policy changes to enhance nurses' competency in managing fungal infections. Such measures are crucial for improving patient safety, reducing infection rates, and ultimately saving lives.

Introduction and Objective: Fungal infections are recognized as one of the most significant health issues in hospitals, which can cause serious complications in patients. Nurses' awareness of these infections plays a crucial role in their prevention and proper management. The aim of this study was to assess the average awareness scores of nurses working in non-university hospitals in Zahedan regarding fungal infections in 2023. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in non-university hospitals of Zahedan. The study population included all hospital staff in 2023 who had at least one year of work experience and were willing to participate. The sampling method was convenience sampling, and 210 participants were included in the study. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Findings: The mean total awareness score of the nurses was 12.52 ± 4.48. No significant differences in awareness levels were observed based on gender, age, or work experience, except for the treatment score, which showed significant differences based on educational level (p-value = 0.041). Most nurses had low to moderate awareness levels, and a notable proportion had very low awareness. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the awareness level of nurses working in non-university hospitals in Zahedan regarding fungal infections is generally low to moderate. These findings highlight the need for educational programs and advanced training to improve the overall awareness and knowledge of nurses about fungal infections.

Historically, burn injuries have been accompanied by bad prognosis. With the advances in recovering fluids and the early excision of burn scars, the survival rate has enhanced for severe burn patients. The study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of burn injuries in Zahedan, Eastern Iran. This retrospective study examined 2173 burn patients for eight years. The research data were extracted from patients’ files and analyzed by SPSS 22 using the chi square test, t test and ANOVA. In sum, out of 2173 files, 2115 files were analyzed. About two-thirds (71%) of burns were due to flame, one-fifth (21.2%) to boiling water, and 8% to other means. There was a significant relationship between patients’ age, gender, burn percentage, burn degree, burn cause, burn occurrence season, hospitalization duration, and addiction or non-addiction status with rate of death (P < 0.001). In this region of Iran, burn is influenced by families’ culture, economy, urban service level, workplace, home heating devices, type of people’s clothing, and awareness. The statistical analysis of the existing data completely indicated the epidemiology of burns in Eastern Iran.

Combination chemotherapy is accepted as a high efficacy treatment for gastric cancer, whereas choice of standard treatment is unclear. Multiple chemotherapeutic regimens have been used to achieve higher efficacy and lower toxicity. This study was designed to evaluate the treatment results of advanced gastric cancer with Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin regimen.
Subjects and All cases with documented gastric adenocarcinoma and advanced disease were candidates for receiving Xelox regimen (Capecitabine – 750 mg/m2/twice daily/ 1-14 days and Oxaliplatin 125 mg/m2 in 1st day).
Twenty five cases with advanced gastric cancer entered in study while 24 cases continued treatment protocol and were evaluated. Mean age was 59.5 ± 12.1 years (range: 20-75), male and female cases were 66.7% and 33.3%, respectively. All cases received at least four cycles of Xelox regimen. Overall response rate was 74.99% with 29.16% complete response. Overall survival rate was 13 ± 0.53 months and DFS (disease-free survival) was 6 ± 1.09 months. Extremities neuropathy (62.5%), headache (45.8%) and muscle cramps (29.2%) were the most common complains. Haematological changes were rare and 16.7% of cases had mild cytopenia. Treatment related death was not observed.
Xelox regimen is a safe and highly effective first line treatment for gastric cancer; however, considering it as first line therapy needs larger studies.

This study aimed to compare the serum leptin levels in infants suspected of congenital hypothyroidism. In addition to investigate the relationship between serum levels of leptin with T4 and TSH. Subjects and In the present case-control study, 100 neonates under 30 days of age were selected randomly from those who had been hospitalized in Zabol Amir-Almomenin hospital between years 2012 to 2013. Thorough clinical examination by a pediatrician and evaluation for possible congenital hypothyroidism, the subjects were divided into two groups (case and control) homogenized in terms of age and gender. Case group consisted of neonates with suspected congenital hypothyroidism, and controls without. Blood sampling was taken from each neonate after obtaining a written consent form from parents Serum leptin, T4 and TSH were measured by ELISA method. The data were analyzed using software SPSS ver. 20 using of independent t-test and Pearson correlation by considering the level of 0.05 error. The serum leptin level was significantly higher among the suspected hypothyroidism than controls (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, there was an inverse relationship between TSH and T4 levels (r=-0.512, P ≤ 0.05). There were no significant relationships between the serum leptin level in regards to age and weight (P ≥ 0.05). Based on the results of this study, in infants with congenital hypothyroidism, serum leptin increases independently of age and weight. Therefore, leptin serum level may be considered as a criteria for assessment of thyroid gland function.