فهرست مطالب hossein nikpour

From the viewpoint of electricity distribution companies, electricity losses are the difference between the delivered energy and the output energy, or in other words, the difference between the energy purchased and the energy sold. Electricity statistics in Iran show a share of about 23 percent of electricity losses, half of which are related to the distribution network. Electricity distribution losses fall into two categories: technical losses and non-technical losses. Technical losses are the part of the losses that occur due to the nature of the equipment in the distribution network. In contrast, non-technical losses are the total loss of electricity that is not due to the electrical nature of the network. Due to the importance of different types of electricity losses, a lot of research has been done in this field in order to reduce these losses as much as possible. However, little research has been conducted on prioritizing waste reduction strategies. Electricity losses in Jiroft City, Kerman province are a concern for Southern Kerman Power Distribution Company as they lead to financial losses and reduce the company’s revenue. According to the received statistics, the energy delivered to this city in 2018 was 1005 million kilowatts, while the sales of the company in this city was 854 million kilowatts. Therefore, the amount of electricity losses in this city is 141 million kilowatts, which is equal to 15% of the delivered energy. Therefore, this company needs to prioritize these factors in order to focus and address the main causes of losses in this city. As a result, this study aims to prioritize the causes of electricity losses in Jiroft City. In this paper, by using previous research and interviews with experts in this field, the main criteria involved in decision making were identified, and they were then were weighted using analytical hierarchical process method. Then, the causes of power losses were identified using the documents of the company, and the effective factors were prioritized according to the weighted criteria using the TOPSIS method. The results showed that, in Jiroft City, among the factors of technical losses, the losses of meters and measuring devices and the losses due to the unbalanced load in phases and single-phase distribution of low pressure were in the first and second priority, respectively. Unauthorized use of electricity in hidden manner was also recognized as the most important cause of non-technical losses in this case study.

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease is mostly recognized as a pulmonary disorder but it can be transmitted to other parts of the body by blood. The most common extra pulmonary sites, including lymph nodes, abdomen, pleura, and abdominal tuberculosis, are less common than pulmonary tuberculosis. Given the importance of tuberculosis, a rare case of tuberculosis was reported.

A 13-year-old girl was admitted to Afzalipour hospital, Kerman, because of fever and abdominal pain. Her fever started from two weeks ago and generalized abdominal pain started a week ago. Ultrasound and abdominal CT scan showed fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity. The result of chronic granuloma pathology was reported in favor of mycobacterium tuberculosis, and PCR test of pleural tuberculosis was positive. She was treated empirically with Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, and Pyrazinamide. She was visited a month later. Her general condition was good and the clinical symptoms disappeared.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSCRT) is a rare variant of sarcoma with a highly aggressive behavior. It usually affects abdominal cavity and has a male predominance. Its correct diagnosis and treatment is sophisticated and requires an experienced multidisciplinary team. Hereby we present a 25 yrold man from Kerman Province in 2013 with abdominal mass and ascites who underwent sonograghy guided percutaneous needle biopsy which was misleading and inconclusive for diagnosis. Thus an open biopsy was fulfilled which revealed solid nests of small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and clear cytoplasm surrounded by a desmoplastic stroma suggestive for DSCRT. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunohitochemical reaction for cytokeratin, desmin and neuron specific enolase(NSE).Ultimately the patient underwent chemotherapy on the basis of P6 protocol without surgical debulking.Diagnosis and treatment of DSCRT could be a dilemma due to its rarity, various clinicopathologic mimickers and lack of a consensus about its management.

Fibroadenoma is a common benign tumor observed during the second and third decades of life. Malignancy transformation in the epithelial component of a fibroadenoma is rare and can occur 20 years after its diagnosis. Mammographic findings in this phenomenon include indistinct margins and microcalcifications. Here we present a 58-year-old woman with a mobile, lateral upper quadrant mass that was rather firm when palpated. The mammography showed a lobulated mass without calcification suggestive of a benign process, most probably fibroadenoma. However the excisional biopsy contained both an intracanalicular fibroadenoma and invasive ductal carcinoma with mucinous components.

Subsidy Reform Plan, also known in Iran as “Economic Surgery”, needed conclusive ground preparation, coordination and cooperation between people and the executives. Since the adoption of the plan, IRIB has undertaken the responsibility of informing and educating the public on the plan and assumed the task of announcing any possible deviations from rules and its specified objectives in the course of implementation of the plan. In the present article, all news stories related to the Subsidy Reform Plan (totally 354 news stories) within the second half of the year 1389 (Iranian calendar) in two separate news edition, i.e. News Network (1p.m.) and Channel One (2p.m.) were studied using Content Analysis. Research question focused on the manner and extent of covering issues related to Subsidy Reform Plan and indicators related to it. The findings indicate that there is a significant correlation between news editions of the two examined channels and the manner of covering news stories related to Subsidy Reform Plan, the approach adopted to disseminate news and nature and extent of covering the plan’s indicators. Furthermore, the news stories covering the plan were mostly event-centered, persuasive, informative and uncritical.

Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas (SPT) are rare tumors of the pancreas with low malignancy potential and a very good prognostic outcome after surgery. The outcome after radical resection is favourable. A case of solid-pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas in a 20-year-old woman is presented. The patient underwent resection of the mass in the pancreatic head and pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) with jejunostomy tube placement. We focus on the clinical features, imaging, and histopathological characteristics of solid-pseudopapillary tumors (SPT) of the pancreas.

The most important cause of postmenopausal bleeding is endometrial cancer but tuberculosis accounts for only 1% of the postmenopausal metrorrhagia. The association of these two disorders is extremely rare. The presented case is a 58-year-old postmenopausal woman complaining of a bloody vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. The laparatomy was performed and histologic examination of the uterus disclosed an endometrioid endometrial carcinoma، grade G1 invading less than one-half of the myometrial thickness. The tumor was associated with an extensive granulomatous reaction، with numerous tubercles composed of epithelioid cells، multinucleated giant cells of Langhans type and central caseation necrosis. These granulomas were seen close to the carcinoma in the Endometrium and far from the neoplasm in the myometrium، endocervix، right ovary and pelvic lymph nodes. Although the coexistence of endometrial cancer and tuberculosis is extremely rare، it may occur in patients who live in the regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis.