hosseini nasab

In addition to physical problems, people with COVID-19 are involved with many psychological problems. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and short-term solution-focused therapy (SSFT) on hope in female patients with COVID-19.
This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and follow up with a control group. The statistical population consisted of women infected with COVID-19 in Tabriz City in 2022 (about 2350 people). In total, 45 patients were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. Members of both experimental groups received their treatment, respectively, in 8 and 6 sessions of 1.5 hours; however, the control group did not receive any treatments. The measurement tool was Snyder's Hope Scale. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance & Bonferroni post hoc test.
In the pre-test, the mean and standard deviation of the hope variable in the MBCT group was 12.73±2.54, in the SSFT group 12.60±2.38, and in the control group 13.87±1.68 (p>0.05). Both treatments compared to the control group, increased hope in patient after the test (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of these two treatments on hope was lasting (p<0.001). The effect of these two treatments on hope at post-test and follow-up was not significantly different (p>0.05).
It seems that MBCT and SSFT can increase the hope of patients with COVID-19, so they can probably be a useful treatment strategy to improve the mental state of cardiac patients with COVID-19

Preventive maintenance scheduling of generating units is addressed as a crucial issue in power system studies due to its severe impacts on power systems' asset man-agement by reducing operation cost while enhancing re-liability worth. In this paper, we describe an application of statistical analysis for determining the best preventive maintenance strategy in the case of parallel, series, and single-item replacement systems. A key aspect of indus- trial maintenance is the trade-o between cost and time of performing preventive maintenance operations. This article deals with two main issues related to the preven- tive maintenance in order to minimize the cost per unit time: (1) specifying the best time for performing preven- tive maintenance actions in parallel, series, and single- item replacement systems; (2) determining the required number of spare parts and facilities. in single-item replacement and parallel systems, respec- tively. In this proposed maintenance strategy, preventive maintenance operations are regularly performed on the production unit in equal time intervals and maintenance actions return the facilities to a good-as-new condition. In the proposed model, the number of failures for a spec- i ed facility follows the Poisson distribution, and failure rate of the Poisson distribution follows Gamma process. In addition, equipment' failure being earlier than the de- termined starting time for the preventive maintenance operations would impose too much cost on each system. Therefore, to consider this constraint, it is assumed that there is a linear relation between recovering cost from unplanned failures and time to failure. Moreover, all costs related to maintenance are supposed to be known and the cost of a preventive repair is appreciably less than that of a failure and its associated repair. Finally, three examples are presented to demonstrate the e ec- tiveness of the proposed models for each system. We use MATLAB software to obtain the optimal value of parameters in cost models in the proposed approach. To nd the optimal value of decision variables in each system, a search procedure is applied.

In mineral industries, most of the processes are carried out in an aqueous environment. With the purpose of reducing costs and environmental impacts,the water content of tailing stream should be recovered. Thickening is the most widespread method of water recycling process in mineral industries. In this work, the effect of solids concentration, flocculant dosage and particle size on settling flux and compressibility of copper processing tailings were investigated. Samples were collected from tailings of Shahrebabak copper complex and laboratory tests were conducted. In laboratory scale, settling flux and final height of suspension were examined using batch settling tests. In addition, thickener underflow solids concentration was considered as an indicator of the effect of variables in full scale. Results indicated that not only settling flux but also compressibility of the suspension was improved by reducing suspension solids concentration. Furthermore, it was found that increasing flocculant dosage from 15 to 45 g/t led to an increase in settling flux about 7 times. Moreover, both settling flux and compressibility were reduced with fine particles. Industrial scale studies showed that, increasing -75 μm fraction in thickener feed from 47 to 59 % led to a decrease in underflow solids concentration from 63 to 55 %.

Developing the infrastructures for preventing non-communicable diseases is one of the most important goals of healthcare context in recent years. In this regard, the number and capacity of preventive healthcare facilities as well as assignment of customers to facilities should be determined for each region. Besides the accessibility, the utility of customers is a determinative factor in participation of people in the offered programs. In this paper, a service network design problem is studied such that the utility function is incorporated in the objective function, and the constraints set. The travel distance is deterministic and demand elasticity results in congestion delays. After simplifying the nonlinear model, a bi-level optimization algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal solution. Computational results assure the efficiency of the developed algorithm. Finally, the capability of the model is represented by discussing a case study of locating preventive healthcare facilities in Yazd, Iran.

In this research work, the parameters affecting the settling velocity within the thickeners were studied by introducing an equivalent shape factor. Several thickener feed samples of different densities including copper, lead and zinc, and coal were prepared. The settling tests were performed on the samples, and the corresponding settling curves were plotted. Using the linear regression analysis, the Chein's equation was fitted to the experimental data in order to obtain the equivalent shape factors for the different minerals. Moreover, the relations between the equivalent shape factors and the settling parameters were investigated. The R-squared values for the fits proved the capability of the Chein’s equation to fit well on the experimental data (0.96

Hepatitis A is caused by a virus with a similar name. As a very contagious disease, Hepatitis A is one of the most prevalent infant infections across the developing countries. People who have been vaccinated and also those who caught this disease already are immune against hepatitis A. Since it was not possible and cost effective to analyze the immunity level of all asymptomatic children, in this study, the immunity level of some children against this virus was measured in order to estimate their immunity potential against this infection. A total of 400 6-11 years old children in Kerman County, who have referred to the Besat Specialized Clinic and infants emergency care ward of Afzalipour Hospital and their blood have been collected for any reason except diagnosing hepatitis, were studied. Children with chronic liver, blood, immunity system deficiency and malignity were excluded from the study. Using ELISA technique and Dia-pro Milano Italy, made by Italy (with a sensitivity of 100% and specialty of 99.6%), their serum was analyzed in terms of anti-hepatitis data were analyzed using SPSS 16. 42.8% of children were immune against hepatitis A. 55% and 45% of children referred to the mentioned medical centers were girl and boy, respectively. 59.1% of boys and 40.9% of girls were immune, but there was not any significant difference between them. There was a direct relationship between immunity and children's age, as with increasing their age as large as 1 year their immunity level against hepatitis A is increased as large as 0.75%. There was not found any relationship between the immunity level and other demographic properties. Most of 6-11 children are immune against hepatitis A because of their asymptomatic disease.

The main goal of FMS facility layout decision is to arrange the layout of the work stations to minimize the whole system cost. To meet this goal, in this paper a novel two phase method is presented For FMS problem with the consideration of unequal stations. In the first phase, a computer program is developed based on a Fuzzy AHP approach, for considering the quantitative and qualitative factors among workstations, stored on a knowledge base, to obtain the amount of the material flow between each two stations. Thereafter in the second phase, we optimize the FMS facility layout by utilizing the amount of material flow between stations (obtained in the first phase) by GA and ICA algorithms. Since the transportation system has the most effect on the FMS design, an AGV algorithm is used in order to increase the FMS efficiency and flexibility. Comparing the results of the ICA (first used in facility layout) to the GA algorithm, shows that the two algorithms are similar regarding power, however the ICA algorithm improves much faster.

The present studies show that the theoretical discussions and the applications of ergonomics have not been seriously handled in our country, Iran. So, the aim of the current study was to present an appropriate method which could help in increasing the productivity and decreasing the risk factors of ergonomics in socio-technical systems. During the present study, a theoretical model was developed to guide the “ergonomic intervention processes” and its evaluation and application was carried out for an educational organization (EO). The faculty members were selected as the subjects of statistical survey and simple random sampling was performed. The level of musculoskeletal disorders was evaluated in control and treatment groups. Comparative analysis of the obtained data was carried out using fuzzy numbers and their level of confinement. According to the results of present study with the help of ergonomic interventions, an increase in the activity of staff members, increased revenue, expansion of work with the least number of manpower and a decrease in the overall expenses was seen as compared to the base year. In addition, the analysis of questionnaires with fuzzy approach has shown that the level of musculoskeletal disorders in the experimental group was less as compared to that of control group. The results obtained by the use of macro and micro ergonomic interventions (Total ergonomics) have proved that these methods were successful by increasing the innovation and motivation of the staff members to solve the organizational problems as compared to the base year. The decrease of musculoskeletal disorders among the members resulted to an increase of performance in different units of the educational organization.

Traditionally, there have been notable differences among accounting systems for tracking economy-wide energy efficiency trends. Quite recently, attentions are directed to formal studies that can meet the need for uniformity in the design and application of such systems. Uniform systems can give us better insights into energy efficiency indicators. In this paper, the multiplicative Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition technique is introduced and applied in an analysis of energy use in Iran. The aim of the following investigation is to find out what causes the changes in energy use in Irans industrial and transportation sectors. The data of this work consist of final energy use over the 2001-2006 periods from annual energy balance sheets and sectorial values added from Input- Output tables over the same years. The obtained results show that energy consumption changes are determined by the activity levels. Next among the significant energy consumption determinants are structural and energy intensity impacts.

In recent decades, more consumption of agricultural inputs led to growth in agricultural products in the world. However, problems occurred due to the lack of attention to environmental issues and risks of excessive consumption of chemicals on human health become a concern for people and policy makers. To solve the problem, sustainable agriculture has been considering by authorities. This study aimed at assessing the level of sustainability in some agricultural products. Identification of factors that influence sustainability in the study products was another aim of this study. The study was conducted in 2008-2009. The township of Jiroft was selected for this study, due to economic importance of agriculture in this region. The study concentrated on three products of tomato, potato and onion that play important role in the food security of the region. The statistical population of the study included all onions, potatoes and tomatoes growers (N=1320). Using the Cochran's formula, sample size was measured at 197 persons. Using the stratified random sampling method, the study interviewees were selected. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha's coefficient at 0.75. Content validity was defined using a panel of expert. According to the results, levels of sustainability for 53.2 percent of the study samples were lower than their average level, while 47.2 percent had higher levels. Results of regression model presented that the variables of educational level, knowledge of sustainable agriculture, the number of family labor force, growers’ participation in social activities, the system of private property and livestock- cultivation system have a significant positive impact on the sustainability. The only variable of the rate of cultivation presented a negative impact on the agricultural sustainability. The study recommends holding appropriate extension classes accordance to the level of growers ‘education.

X-ray diffraction peak profile analysis was used to identify changes in the lattice distortions during isothermal aging of Fe-10Ni-7Mn (wt. %) maraging steel. Integral peak breadths were analyzed using classical Williamson-Hall equation taking the elastic anisotropy into account. It was found that substantial lattice distortions rise during precipitation hardening which depend strongly on the specific Young’s modulus of a given crystallographic direction. After normalizing by elastic stiffness, the magnitude of average lattice distortions increased reasonably in accordance with age hardening.

This quasi-experimental research aimed to determine the effects of cooperative learning on development of social skills among science students. The target population consisted of junior high school students in Hashtrood during the educational year of 2006-2007. A total number of 100 female and male students were selected through cluster random sampling. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n = 49) and control (n = 51). The 40-item social skills development test was used to measure the improvements. The experimental group was taught with cooperative learning method while the control group received traditional teaching. A pretest and a posttest (after six weeks) were performed to evaluate the development of social skills. Dependent and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings، the social skills in the experimental group developed more than the control group. In addition، there was a significant difference between females and males in the experimental group regarding their social skills development، i. e. social skills developed more among male students.

Background and AimsIn the organization environment, staffs are under the neurotic and mental pressures that would have many adverse effects on their performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational culture, job satisfaction and job burn-out among the employees in Tabriz University. MethodsThe method of this research was descriptive-analytic. The research sample consisted of 106 subjects who were chosen through the stratified random sampling. All participants completed the Hofsted Organizational Culture Questionnaire (HOCQ) and Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The results of the survey were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and T- test. ResultsObtained results indicated that the kind of Organizational Culture in Tabriz university was rational culture; in addition, the job satisfaction was not different between three kinds of organizational cultures (p> 0.05), but, the job burn-out was different between three kinds of organizational cultures (p<0.05). In addition, the job satisfaction difference between didactic and administrative employees was not statistically meaningful (p>0.05) but the job burn-out difference between didactic and administrative employees was statistically significant (p<0.01). The results of T-Test showed that there was no significant difference between job satisfaction and job burn-out among female and male employees (p>0.05). Results also illustrated that there was a positive relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction (p<0.01). In addition, obtained results revealed that there was a negative relationship between organizational culture and job burnout (p<0.01). Clearly a negative relationship between job satisfaction and job burn-out was also identified (p<0.01). ConclusionOn the basis of this study, it was understood that the partnership organizational culture may lead to the maximum amount of job satisfaction and minimum amount of job burn-out.

This study was aimed to verify the effects of mood induction and brain-behavioural systems on emotional information processing [reaction time (RT), response bias (ß), and response sensitivity (d')] in individuals with high BAS/BIS sensitivity as compared with a control group. At first, 527 undergraduate students filled out the Carver and white’s BAS/BIS scale. Then based on standardized z score; 25 subjects with high BAS sensitivity, 25 with high BIS sensitivity, and 25 were selected as the control group. For all subjects, emotional words were presented to memorize them. Then, half of the subjects of each group were introduced to induce a happy mood and the other half were introduced to induce a sad mood. At the next stage, the emotional words were presented for all subject to recognize them. Before all, for statistical purposes, the signal detection theory method was used to standardize data. Then, repeated measurement ANOVA was used to analyze each dependent measure. The results showed that individual with high BIS sensitivity, in the sad mood induction, recognize sad words faster than the high BAS sensivity group and the control group. Whrease, no significant differences were observed in indivitulas with high BAS sensitivity. Concerning the response sensetivity, the results showed neither beween group nor within condition significant differences. However, smaller response bias for negative words was observed in the high BIS sensitivity as compared with the high BAS sensitivity group and the control group. This result indicates that individuals with high BIS sensitivity use more liberal strategy for negative words recognition.

The recognition of similarities and differences of the technology road maps prepared for different industrial areas is the main objective of this article. Therefore، some of the road maps both internal and external compiled for different technology areas are studied. In this study، it is focused on the method of these road maps preparation and the type of their outputs. Introducing these road maps separately، a comparison among them is performed from different aspects، and finally their similarities and differences are recognized. The results are indicating that there are variety of approaches for preparing technology road map of an industry، and it''s preparation mostly depends on the desired objectives and status.

Background and Tinnitus is a troublesome disease that may cause several problems, including the following: insomnia decreased concentration and diminished quality of life. This study was designed in order to evaluate depression and anxiety in patients with tinnitus. This study was an experimental survey and carried out with case – control method. There were 50 persons in case and control groups, case group included patients with non-organic tinnitus. The patients in case and control group completed Beck and Spiel Berger questionnaire, in order to evaluate their level of depression and anxiety. Age, sex, marital status and smoking of case and control groups were similar. Case groups included 50 patients in which 20 of those were smokers and their level of depression and anxiety were higher than non smokers and this difference was significant (P=0.03). Level of depression in patients with tinnitus was higher than control group (p=0.03), patients with tinnitus experienced more anxiety than control group. The patients with tinnitus suffered more depression and anxiety in comparison to patients without tinnitus.

The concept map is a teaching-learning strategy that facilitates learning meaningful. The comparison of concept map presenting and constructing methods efficacy is a research problem in recent years and the findings are contradictory. This paper compared the efficacy of concept map presenting and concept map constructing methods on cognitive outputs (retention, understanding and problem solving) and affective output (attitudes toward school, attitudes toward teacher and classroom, goal-valuation, motivation, and general academic self-perceptions) in the biology learning class. The intervening effects on cognitive outputs were measured by two academic achievement tests. Also, the school attitude assessment survey-revised was used to assess affective outputs. These instruments had the confirmable validity and reliability indices. The research was based on a quasi-experiment design. The pre-organized classrooms were selected by the purposive sampling as four experiment and two control groups. The prepared concept maps were presented in the process of teaching on two experiment groups and two other groups constructed concept maps from the instructed subjects. The results showed that the concept map presenting and concept map constructing methods had positive effect on recall and understanding but these methods had not any meaningful effect on problem solving. Also preprepared concept maps had positive effects on attitude toward teacher and classroom and constructing concept map had positive effect on motivation and self-regulation.

This research was conducted to study the status of critical thinking skills of students in Tabriz Teachers Education College.160 preservice teachers (77 male and 83 female) were selected through stratified random sampling method. Data was gathered through California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST). The results showed that the mean of scores in CCTST was 8/1 and sub-test scores were follows: in analysis 3/41,in inference 3/81,in evaluation 3/87,in induction 4/49 and in deduction 3/96. Four clusters were identified from the five subtests of critical thinking skills (Impoverished analysis evaluationdeduction, impoverished inference-induction, slightly critical thinkers and impoverished critical thinkers).Hierarchical cluster analysis method and discriminant analysis was used to determine the optimal cluster structure of preservice teachers.