فهرست مطالب jafar jahangiri

Brain death means permanent and irreversible stopping of all brain functions in such a way that there is no hope of returning to the previous state. In medical science, brain death is absolute death, but in religious jurisprudence it is controversial. Many attempts have been made to explore its sharia ruling, but each researcher has paid attention to one specific part of its evidence. The evolution of the debate and the discovery of new evidences by researchers have been the reasons for such variation in ideas. Now that all the possible evidences have been presented, in the current study, based on the library research method and comprehensive tracking of the evidences, the question: “How is the probative evidences of those who support the certainty of brain death evaluated?” was answered. It was determined that the probative evidence is incomplete in determining brain death, and a so-called brain-dead person cannot be considered dead, but rather the rulings of a living person should be applied to him/her.

Kasbi, acquisition, thologically means the occurrence of an object from a human by asimultaneous spacio-temporal ability and power by God. This theory was proposed by Abul Hasan Ash'ari and accepted by the majority of Sunnis with the aim of getting rid of the limitations of jabr, predestinatin, and tafwiz, delegation. They put great effort in documenting the theory of kasb from the verses and hadiths; but due to the fact that the conclusion is facing some challenges, it is necessary to study the question: What is the correct meaning of the verses and narrations regarding human agency? In this research, the implication of the narrative evidence of the theory was investigated with the analytical and descriptive method, and the findings of the research show that the implication of all the evidences in proving the concept of the theory fail, and, contrary to what said by Asha`irih, the content of other verses and traditions show that exclusive creativity, the generality of God's will include all events and run through the law of causality and human will.