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Social capital as a qualitative factor of production is a tool to improve efficiency and productivity of farmers. One ways to achieve development is pay attention to social capital and empowerment and inform farmers by strengthening the various dimensions of this type of capital. Pistachio as a green gold has an important role in the agricultural sector of Sirjan. One of the biggest problems for pistachio farmers is the severe limitation of water resources. However, many farmers use the traditional method of irrigation. In this study, 285 pistachio farmers in Sirjan city were selected based on Cochran's formula. Then, they divided into 2 groups based on the type of irrigation method (traditional or modern). After that, different dimensions of social capital were evaluated based on Putnum (2000) and in the presence of this factor, the efficiency of water input was calculated. In addition, using the Tobit model, the factors affecting water efficiency and using the logit model, the factors affecting the adoption of new irrigation technology with emphasis on the role of social capital were studied. Data were collected using a questionnaire in 2018-19. According to the results, the social capital index in both groups was evaluated based on the dimensions of trust and norms and social cohesion at a medium level and in terms of participation and social networks at a low level. The average water efficiency (CRS) with and without social capital among farmers who use traditional irrigation methods were 31% and 27%, respectively. These values in the group of farmers who use new methods of irrigation were determined 67% and 58%, respectively. In addition, it was found that the variables of participation in water saving programs, education, social capital, water price and type of irrigation have a positive effect on water technical efficiency. The variables of access to bank credit, income, social capital and water price had the most positive effect on the acceptance of new irrigation by farmers. It is recommended that by consolidating the savings of small farmers and integrating orchards through agricultural cooperatives and water user associations, which are the most important sources of formation and strengthening social capital among farmers, steps can be taken to increase water efficiency and expand the use of modern irrigation system.

With regard to the role of agricultural production cooperatives are in improving the system of interest-taking, increased income, employment, provision of basic necessities and equal distribution facilities, necessary to the function of these companies be carefully evaluated. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats agricultural production cooperatives have been done. Method of study is descriptive-survey. Data from questionnaires and interviews collected in 2013. The data were analyzed using the SWOT matrix. According to the results, 9 strengths against 15 internal weaknesses and 17 external opportunities against 7 external threats identify and investigate. A total of 26 strengths and opportunities as advantage and 22 weaknesses and threats as constraint and bottleneck agricultural production cooperatives are facing. Therefore success threshold of cooperative was high and the provision of appropriate strategies and use of strengths and opportunities in order to overcome the weaknesses and threats can be added to the success of cooperatives

Given the strategic remarkable rank of pistachio in non-oil exports, inputs’ management in its production is so important. As the scarcest input in agricultural sector, water is considered to be among the most important inputs of pistachio production. Water inadequate supply and climate conditions increase water demand in pistachio growing areas. It is necessary to determine the real value or price of water for establishing a balance between its demand and supply. Therefore, this study has aimed at estimation of water economic value. The method used in this research is the production function approach. Requested data sets were obtained from the questionnaires was filled out for crop years of 2013-2014. The results show that the average economic value of irrigation water is 50360 RLS but the average price paid by farmers is 1771 RLS per cubic meter of water. Thus, there is a wide gap between water value and the price paid by farmers withwhich appropriate pricing of water based on its economic value can be eliminated.