javad khazaei

Formation of fan-team identification can pay the way for development of sport team brands and reinforcing fan base and economic base of sport teams. The purpose of the current study was to provide a model from the formation process of fan-team identification among football fans in Iran. The research method was descriptive – survey and a practical one, and the data was collected by using a combination of Batacharia & Sen’s distinction identity, similarity identity, and prestige identity survey, Ahearn et al’s attractiveness identity, and Meal & Ashforth’s fan-team identification survey. The research population consisted football fans in Iran and based on a pilot study a sample of (n=344) was selected through random sampling. The validity of questionnaire was verified by using comments of experts in sport management and the reliability of the total questionnaire was found to be 0,86 according to Chronbach’s alpha. The conceptual framework of the current study was a hypothesized model involved identity distinction, identity similarity, identity prestige, identity attractiveness, and fan-team identification. To measure the validity and fitness of the model, Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) has been applied. PLS and SPSS18 were used for data analysis. The results showed that among the four casual relationships, all directions except to the direction of similarity identity to attractiveness identity were verified.

Aloe vera plant (Aloe vera) from Liliaceae family is one of the high valuable medicinal plants. One of the usage the gel of the crop is to use the dried powder. In this research, drum dryer was used to dry the product. Finite element method was used to examine the heat transfer in the cylinder of a drum dryer. Four cylindrical models were used to study the uniformity and maximum heat transfer of steam flow to the dryer cylinder wall. Two parameters were considered for controlling the flow of hot steam inside the cylinder, i.e. the conical barrier at input and the output (narrow and wide). The A and B models are narrow and broad output respectively, both without conical barrier and the C and D models, are similar to the A and B models but including conical barrier. The effect of two mass flow rates of intake water vapor (1 and 2 kg/s) was also investigated on the models. The results were important in terms of uniformity and maximum heat transfer on the cylinder surface. The results showed that the installation of a conical barrier in the drum dryer causes to direct the hot steam to the drum walls immediately and causes to have the highest heat transfer, so that the temperature increase above 485 K. The barrier caused to move the steam near the drum wall from the beginning to the end. Meanwhile the temperature was cooled uniformly about 10 K. The lowest variation of temperature (6 K) on the cylinder wall was for the model B and mass flow rate of 1 kg/s, which the highest temperature (476 K) was at the middle of the cylinder, and the lowest temperature (470 K) was at the beginning as well as at the end of the cylinder.

One of the best ways for recycling is the Producing of vermicompost from municipal waste. Worms optimal separation of organic material after finishing process increases the rate of decomposition of waste by composting worms placed.To design and build a system for induction heating the substrate in a controlled vermicompost fertilizer which leads to separation worms from bed and does not get hurt, the thermal parameters manure vermicompost is the essential. The method of mixtures and hot wire as a heating source was used for measuring the specific heat and thermal conductivity of vermicompost, respectively. The measurements were done at 40, 50, 60 and 70ºC temperature levels and 20, 30, 40 and 50% (w.b) moisture content levels. The specific heat of vermicompost increased from 1.6537 to 3.5236 kj/kg°C, with increase in the experimental temperature and moisture content levels. The thermal conductivity of vermicompost increased from 0.1054 to 0.9163 wm-1°C, with increase the temperature and moisture content.

The aim of this study is the comparison and evaluation of oil extraction of Damavand walnut by the two methods of solvent and ultrasound in various conditions of sonication duration and power. In this study, Damavand walnut samples were subjected to hexane solvent and ultrasound extraction processes for different sonication duration (10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes) and powers (600, 800 and 1000 watts).Then, assessment tests including acid value, peroxide value, sensory evaluation, moisture content ,volatiles and sediment percent were conducted on the oil treatments. The results indicated that in ultrasound method, the treatment subjected to 1000 watts for 10 minutes had the highest sensory quality. Also, among solvent-extracted treated samples, the oil treated by 1000watts for 10 minutes was the best treatment in terms of sensory characteristics. Chemical tests results also showed that walnut oil samples extracted by ultrasound had a lower peroxide and acid value than those extracted by solvent method. Sensory evaluation results showed that the flavor, pungency and odor of the walnut oil samples extracted by ultrasound method were significantly increased compared to the treatments of solvent method. The overall acceptability of the ultrasound method treatments gained higher score than those of solvent extraction method (P

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brand personality congruity, brand attitude and perceived value components (personal, social and functional). The study population includes clients of private banks in the city of Tehran. Data collection for this study was a questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by experts and respondents and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability (CR) was calculated. Depending on the type of non-random sampling method was available; a questionnaire was distributed among 400 customers of banks. Of these, 352 questionnaires were collected using partial least squares method which is a method of structural equation modeling, were analyzed. For this purpose, the software was used SPSS20 and SmartPLS2.0. The results showed that the brand personality congruity, brand attitude and perceived value components, there is a significant relationship. According to the findings, it can be said that this research will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms proposed test marketing is an acceptable basis for maintaining and increasing the value of the perceived customer banking services.

Pro-social rule breaking and violation of the rules and policies is one of the organizational phenomenon, yet the employees’ breaking the organizational rules is not always self-interested. There are some instances where the employees intentionally violate a formal organizational policy or regulation with the primary intention of promoting the welfare of the organization or one of its stakeholders and as a result, this topic caused the organizational behavior scholars to identify the antecedents of such behavior within the work place. In this article we are looking for the individual antecedents of pro-social rule breaking. We pursue a quantitative approach in this article and our statistical population is the employees who work in the fourth regional office of Tehran municipality. We found that the likelihood of pro-social rule breaking was positively related to “risk-taking propensity” or the natural tendency to overestimate the likelihood of success when engaging in risky endeavors and “empathy” or the ability to understand and share the feelings of other people.

Establishment of a social security system can be accounted for as one of the methods of poverty reduction, which is utilized by most governments. The purpose of this paper is to study Iran's Social Security System’s achievement regarding poverty reduction within 1367-80 period. The system includes insurance and supportive sections. In the insurance section, those who receive long-term supports in the forms of pensions and benefits enjoy a living standard beyond the absolute poverty line, but the amount, at constant 1369 prices, declined over the period under the study. It can be said that civil pensions have faced a similar situation. In the supportive section, poor people under the assistance of Imam Khomeini’s Committee, despite the increase in real pensions, received a level of living under the absolute poverty line in the period. The application of Engle-Granger method revealed that the increase of government expenditure on social security led to a significant reduction in the percentage of households who were living under absolute poverty line