فهرست مطالب javad monem

In the present study, the effects of different probiotics mixtures on growth performance, hematology and antioxidant capacity of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles (30 g). In this study, three bacterial mixtures were used that were isolated from the native aquatic species of Khuzestan and the South of the country, which include: the first group includes different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, the second group includes L. plantarum with a mixture of L. bulgaricus, L. acidophilus and L. rahamnosus and the third group includes the mixture of bacteria of the first and second groups along with the mixture of Bacillus cereus and B. thuringiensis, which were identified through their quorum quenching features and isolated from Asian sea bass. Four treatments were designed by spraying various bacterial mixture on a basal diet, which included diet (1, control group) on which only sterile physiological serum was sprayed on the diet, diet (2) on which the bacterial mixture of the first group was sprayed on the diet, diet (3) on which the mixture of bacteria of the second group was sprayed and diet (4) which was the mixture of all bacteria was sprayed on it and fed to the fish. The fish was fed with the experimental diets four times a day up to satiation at 30.5 °C for 100 days. In this study, the fish that was fed with 2, 3 and 4 diets had a higher growth performance than the control (p < 0.05), which was associated with an improvement in the food conversion ratio. Blood and antioxidant indices were improved in the fish fed with diets containing probiotics mixture. Treatment 4 had more total plasma protein and albumin than other treatments. In conclusion, the use of a mixture of different probiotics increased growth in Asian seabass that associated with improved health indices in this species.

Pheromones are molecular signals of hormones or their derivatives that affect the same species in the environment outside the body. The effect of ovary extract of psyllium as a pheromone-containing substance (PGF2α) on pheromone induction and the process of final sexual maturation and changes in male sperm indices of this fish have been investigated and compared in different treatments. Male fish with an average weight of 45 ± 200 g were released in 300 liter fiberglass ponds and after adapting the fish to the environment (for 48 hours), the experiments were performed in 5 experimental groups (one control group, one prostate gland control group and 3 groups Treatment) in which each group consisted of 9 adult male fish. Different concentrations of ovarian extract were added to the water in three treatments of 5, 10 and 15 mg / l as a bath. After 24 hours, the fish were anesthetized and fish biometrics was performed by measuring length and weight. After blood sampling, fish gonads were weighed. The results showed that pheromone induction of ovarian extracts and their positive effect on increasing the rate of sperm counts. Gonadosomatic index as well as testosterone levels at 10 and 15 mg / l treatment and prostaglandin treatment (PGF2α) were significantly increased compared to the control (p <0.001). Sperm density and spermatocrit in the treatment of 15 mg / l (T3) had a significant decrease compared to the control, but the indices of sperm motility rate and sperm motility percentage compared to the control did not show a significant difference. Relative sperm volume in all treatments was affected by pheromone extract and a significant increase was observed compared to the control in T3 treatment (p <0.001). Administration of pheromone extract resulted in control of male reproductive fish reproduction in all experimental groups.

Optimization of operational performance in irrigation networks is essential for increasing water consumption efficiency in Urmia Lake Basin and its restoration. Various optimization algorithms have been developed. In this research, PSO algorithm with the ability of swarm intelligence and convergence speed was used to optimize the water delivery schedule of Zarinehroud left bank Irrigation Network in two reduced water allocation scenarios. The first scenario follows the Urmia Lake Restoration Plan (ULRP) based on the reduction of agricultural water consumption by 40%; and the second scenario focuses on the delivery of 70% to 90% of network water demand. Suitable values of model parameters have been determined by sensitivity analysis, and used in the modeling of two scenarios. Results of the first scenario indicated that, with supplement of 66% of water demand, the feasibility of 9% increase in water efficiency, 30% and 38% increase in the stability and adequacy indices can be achieved, respectively. In the second scenario, with 82% supply of water demand; the efficiency, stability and adequacy indices could be increased by 25%, 32% and 42%, respectively. The second scenario is recommended due to the gradually reduction of water allocation and greater values of the performance indices, while preserving the dependability and trust of water-users in the Zarinehroud irrigation network.

In order to improve the performance of irrigation networks, provide higher flexibility levels and improve water delivery methods, application of automatic control systems is suggested. In the coarse of the present study, a mathematical model of automatic pivot weir as based on PID control logic in combination with ICSS hydrodynamic model is developed. The developed model was tested under high flow variations on standard canal number two ASCE. The slope of the canal is mild; it is 28 KM long, provided with 8 reaches each reach equipped with an orifice offtake along with a regulating structure at the end. Water level variation and performance indexes MAE and IAE were analyzed. The results indicated that maximum error in the worst conditions amounted to 4% which is appropriate within practical terms. Water deviation was corrected within a few minutes. Therefore, it could be concluded that the developed model for automatic pivot weir is able to properly control the water level in irrigation canals.