khodambashi m

Increasing demand for aromatic rice causes their higher price and attracted plant breeder's attention to recognize rice aroma-controlling genes. Highly linked markers with the genes controlling important agronomic traits help to make phenotypic selection, more efficient, effective, reliable and cost-effective compare to the more conventional plant breeding methods. The aim of conducting this research was identification of volatile compounds in rice and mapping their controlling QTLs using SSR markers. The harvested seed of 139 single F2 plants of cross between Mousa-Tarom and 304 were grown in 2010. Volatile compounds extraction, separation and identification of seed samples; harvested from each F2:3 families; was conducted using the sensitive and efficient method of solid phase micro-extraction in gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometry apparatus. Alkane compounds of tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadeane and heptadecane were the general identified compounds. The identified QTLs controlling volatile compounds were located on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 11, and 12. The chromosome number 4 included most of the volatile controlling loci. Out of 14 identified loci, 12 showed different situations of partial, complete or over dominance effects. Heptadecane compound showed the lowest heritability and tetradecane showed more than 50% heritability. Ultimately, in this study, several QTLs having less than 5.4 centiMorgan distances to the marker; the optimal recommended distance between the marker and QTL for selection; were identified.

Transient expression of genes using Agrobacterium (Agroinfiltration) is a powerful tool for the analysis of foreign gene expression and function in different gene expression systems in plant before stable plant transformation. However, the production of stable transgenic plants is a lengthy process, in transient assays, it is possible to measure gene expression within a very short time. With simple infiltration of Agrobacterium cells carrying appropriate gene constructs into bean intact leaves, transient expression can be performed within 3 days without using expensive instruments or complicated procedures. In this study, We analysed different regulatory gene expression factors affecting transient expression following agroinfiltration in bean by injection suspensions of the Agrobacterium carrying the plasmid constructs of gene interest. After three days the amount of soluble protein in the leaves was measured and compared. This study proposed to evaluate the best systems expression in transgenic bean plants, using agroinfiltration technique. The results demonstrate that between the three systems expression the highest level of protein is producted by the system that makes the transfer and accumulation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulumin this study. The efficiency of agroinfiltration was 24-50%.

after completion of the Arabidopsis genome sequencing project and identification of 25498 genes, the function of several genes defined putatively. For instance the function of seven genes in Arabidopsis defined as putative tyrosine aminotransferas which the function of three genes have been confirmed experimentally until now. In the present study, the function of putative gene from this family considered to be evaluated using complementation test with DL39 auxotroph bacteria. As a result of mutation in tyrosine aminotransferase gene, this bacterium is auxotroph for L-tyrosine amino acid. In order to evaluate the ability of Arabidopsis putative tyrosine aminotransferase gene to complement tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency in bacteria, the coding region of this gene was cloned into pQE expression vector and used for bacterial transformation. Successful complementation results in the restoration of the bacterial ability to grow in medium without L-tyrosine supplementation. Analysis of enzyme assay showed that the enzyme is able to catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. These results confirmed that this putative gene has tyrosine aminotransferase activity.

Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are susceptible to drought stress especially in reproductive stage. A series of genes are identified recently in which their transcription either increase or decrease in response to drought stress. Out of these genes, identified in common bean, could be referred to LEA gene. The present study was conducted at Shahrekord University aimed to analyze LEA gene expression in response to drought stress at vegetative and reproductive stages in 11 beans genotypes. Water deficit stress was induced at vegetative stage with the appearance of the third trifoliate and at reproductive stage when flower buds were passing through meiosis. The leaves and flower buds were sampled from control and water-stressed plants at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. Results indicated that drought stress at either of vegetative and reproductive stages increased the expression of the gene LEA, but the level of expression was not similar in all genotypes. The increment in the expression of LEA gene was 75 and 95 fold in leaf tissues of Goynok98 under stress at vegetative stage in comparison with the gene expression of its control and control of the susceptible line G-14088, respectively. However in flower buds of line KS-21191, the increment in the expression of LEA gene due to stress was 366 and 250 fold of that in its control and control of the susceptible line, respectively. The expression trend of LEA gene was similar in cultivars Kara and Daneshkadeh. The lines KS-21189 and KS- 21191also showed similar expression trend. Considering the trend and the level of expression for LEA gene, it could probably be concluded that the line KS-21191 is more tolerant to stress than other studied genotypes.

Monogenic inheritance and linkage among four morphological traits of lentil were established on the basis of F1 observations and analysis of 204 F2 plants in a cross for development of pubescence on peduncle, 228 F2 plants in a cross for tendril formation, 574 F2 plants in 5 crosses for flower numbers per peduncle and 464 F2 plants in 4 crosses for flower color under field conditions. Development of pubescence on peduncle was found to be dominant over glabrous, two flowers per peduncle was dominant over three flowers, purple flower color was dominant over white flower. Linkage was estimated from joint segregation analysis, taking two characters at a time in all possible combinations as significant χ2 values were recorded for these genes. Gene symbols Tnl, Pub, Fn and P were used for these four traits, respectively. The genes were arranged in the order of Pub-Tnl-Fn-p with the map distance of 33, 29 and 41 cM between them in coupling phase and 27, 36 and 47 cM in repulsion phase, respectively. Keywords: Inheritance; Lentil; Linkage group; Morphological traits.