leila mozafari

In this research, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria were added to watercress drink and the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, viability of probiotic bacteria and sensory characteristics of the samples were investigated in the period of 1, 15 and 30 days after production. The results showed that the pH in all samples decreased significantly with time. Brix of the samples containing higher amounts of watercress was more, and with the passage of time, the turbidity of all samples decreased significantly. The samples containing higher amounts of watercress had higher total phenol and antioxidant activity, and with the passage of time, the IC50 of all samples increased significantly and their total phenol decreased significantly. On the 1st and 15th days, the highest viability rates of both microorganisms belonged to samples containing 75% watercress. Watercress extract helped the viability of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus with its antioxidant activity and significant phenolic compounds. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the score of flavor, aroma, texture, color and overall acceptability of the samples on all the days investigated.

A library and information specialist cannot rely only on his academic views. He can perform his job successfully only when he has access to his colleagueschr('39') scientific knowledge which is based on their experiences and uses it alongside his own knowledge. Therefore, it is essential and necessary to identify the ways of transferring the tacit knowledge of librarians and the factors affecting this transfer in order to improve the current conditions. Thus, The purpose of the present study is to identify the methods of tacit knowledge transfer and sharing and factors affecting it among the librarians of public libraries in Fars Province.

This study is an applied research that was conducted by the survey method. The research population included all 400 librarians of the public libraries in Fars Province, from whom 190 librarians were selected by using simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The validity of this questionnaire was measured by asking for the opinions of information science specialists and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach chr('39')s alpha coefficient (α= 0.82 ). Furthermore, the SPSS (v.21) and Microsoft Excel (2016) were applied to analyze the data. Prioritization of the methods of tacit knowledge transfer and the factors affecting it were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the multiple linear regression and its coefficients were used to measure the relationships between the influential factors and the demographic characteristics of librarians.

The results indicated that the most important methods of transferring knowledge between librarians of public libraries in Fars Province were verbal communication between library staff and their participation in in-service training courses, respectively. From the perspective of respondents, all three factors, including personal, organizational and technological, affect the tacit knowledge transfer; The need for a proper reward system (among the organizational factors), access to Internet (among the technological factors) and maintaining the job position (among the personal factors) have been the most important factors from the viewpoint of librarians. However, in the overall comparison, organizational factors were assigned the highest score and personal factors were assigned the lowest score by the librarians. Results of the regression equation also confirmed the existence of a significant relationship between the librarianschr('39') age and gender and the technological factors.

So far, no research has been conducted within the country on the methods of tacit knowledge transfer and the factors affecting it among the librarians of public libraries. Therefore, the current research can pave the way for other studies in this field. In addition, among the studied factors, organizational factors and then technological factors were assigned the highest scores by librarians. Paying attention to these results can be useful in the short and long term planning of Iran Public Libraries Foundation in order to facilitate and reinforce tacit knowledge transfer among librarians. Furthermore, the results of the research showed that the existence of joint agreements and programs between Iran Public Libraries Foundation and universities, educational and research centers in order to hold different training courses can be effective in facilitating knowledge sharing.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the subject of “public libraries” in the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science (WoS) and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC). The present study is a descriptive-analytical research adopting scientometrics approach in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study consisted of 3122 documents indexed in the WoS during 1900-2019 as well as 232 documents indexed in the ISC during 1999-2017. To collect data, we refined the search to title as (TI=Public Library*) and limited it to the time span (PY=19002019) in WoS in order to avoid diversity in the retrieved documents. The same approach was followed to retrieve documents from ISC databases. Research findings showed that foreign researchers were interested in “information science and library”, “computer sciences”, and “architecture” in relation to public library studies. On the other hand, Iranian researchers focused on “public library studies”, “assessment”, and “staff studies including managers and librarians”. Considering the journals publishing research on public library issues, the findings showed that the American Library Journal (n=749) and the Iranian Research on Information Science and public libraries (n=134) published the largest number of articles on the subject at the global and local levels, respectively. USA, Canada, and England were the most productive countries in “public libraries” research area. Besides, University of Illinois and Islamic Azad University were the most active institutions publishing in this field at international and national levels with 62 and 57 documents, respectively. This study aimed to survey and compare research on public libraries in WoS and ISC. An examination of the subject area of public libraries revealed the trends of research fronts at the global level and in Iran and determines whether or not the topics of interest to world-class researchers are close to that of national researchers or if domestic researchers have addressed public library issues with an indigenous approach

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a tumorigenic herpes virus and belong to DNA viruses that infects and persists in B lymphocytes in the majority of humans and also is associated with a portion of cases of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin's lymphoma through EBERs in situ hybridization (EBERs-ISH) in children Iranian. In this study, 16 Hodgkin's lymphoma tissue samples formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks collected from the archive of departments country hospitals. Samples were obtained from the tissue cancer biopsies, The presence of RNA transcripts encoded by Epstein-Barr virus were analyzed with EBERs in situ hybridization (EBERs-ISH). Data analyzed by SPSS16 statistical software, Fisher's exact test. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 16 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of Hodgkin's disease (HD) was investigated by EBERs in situ hybridization. 12 samples were from male (75%) and 4 samples were from female (25%). Age range of Patients was 4 -12 years (with a median of 8 years). In 12 specimens (75%) Epstein-Barr virus was present. The positive cases included 9 male samples (75%) and 3 female samples (75%). Fisher's exact test showed statistically no significant difference between sex (p-value: 1.000). Epstein-Barr virus was present in different subtypes of Hodgkin's lymphoma. 80% (4 of 5) of Mixed Cellularity (MC), 67% (6 of 9) of Nodular Sclerosis (NS) and 100% (2 of 2) of Lymphocyte Predominance (LP) subtypes were positive. There is not significant different between subtypes (p-value: 0.826). The presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the age groups of 4-7 and 8-12 years were 71.5% (5 of 7) and 77.8% (7 of 9), respectively. There is not significant different between age groups (p-value: 1.000). Study results show strong association between Epstein-Barr virus and Hodgkin lymphoma in Iranian children. Epstein-Barr virus and Hodgkin lymphoma association in Iranian children show similar pattern with other developing countries.