فهرست مطالب li zhou

Burn injuries are caused by electricity, heat, radiation, cold, friction, or chemicals and lead to tissue destruction due to energy transfer from the sources to the tissues and cells. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of water cooling, ice pack application, cold and wet compress treatment of burn wounds in children before admission and to evaluate their effects on tissue healing and safety.

We systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Embase from inception to March 2023. Review Manager (version 5.4) was used to assess the risk of bias in the selected studies, and a meta-analysis of all dichotomous and continuous outcomes in the selected studies was performed. Out of 590 studies, seven studies based on the PRISMA protocol in the meta-analysis were included.

Based on the duration of cooling, no significant differences in the depth and size of burn wounds were found. Moreover, we established that cooling burn wounds significantly reduces tissue damage and limits the spread of burns to the surrounding tissues. A higher heterogeneity was observed in the selected studies based on methodology, implying different designs affecting our findings.

There is inconclusive evidence on the recommended optimum duration of cooling burn wounds. However, cooling burn wounds has a beneficial impact on reducing tissue damage and limiting the spread of burns.

This paper presents an experimental study conducted on the seismic behavior of beam-to-column connections based on the components of steel reinforced recycled aggregate concrete beams and recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns. The main test parameter of the specimens is the replacement ratio of recycled aggregate. The experiment process and failure modes of all specimens were investigated in detail. Several parameters such as hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity, strength and stiffness degradation, ductility coefficients, and energy dissipation were also analyzed. The test results showed that slipping appeared between the steel tube and beam concrete (sandwiched between the circumferential stiffening plates) while the specimen yielded. The shapes of the moment versus rotation hysteresis curve at the end of the beam were plump, which runs through a linear, reverse “S”-shaped and spindle-shaped deformation stages. Analysis of the seismic evaluation index showed that the replacement ratio of the recycled aggregate had no significant effect on the seismic performance. Moreover, a simulation study was also carried out using FEM, and the results showed good agreement with the skeleton curves obtained from the test. Finally, a simplified calculation model was established and the bearing capacity calculation equation of connections was proposed. Compared with the test results, the calculation equation can satisfy engineering application requirements. The results presented in this paper can be used as reference for engineering practice.

Introduction. A variety of molecular pathways, such as generation of advanced glycation end products, inflammation, and oxidative stress, are involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Recently, a protective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the kidney has been reported. This study aimed to determine serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level and its association with inflammation factors in patients with DN.
Materials and Methods. One hundred patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus were divided into 3 groups of non-DN, early DN, and clinical DN, based on 24-hour urinary albumin levels. Hemoglobin A1c, biochemical indicators, β2-microglobulin, and 24-hour urine albumin levels were assessed. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied to determine the serum concentrations of DHA, advanced glycation end products, fractalkine, superoxide dismutase, and tumor necrosis factor-α.
Results. Lower serum DHA and superoxide dismutase and higher serum β2-microglobulin and 24-hour urine albumin levels were associated with clinical DN, compared to no DN and early DN. The reductions in serum DHA levels were different among the patients with early and clinical DN, stratified by sex, body mass index, and serum lipid levels. Serum DHA significantly correlated positively with superoxide dismutase and negatively with fractalkine and tumor necrosis factor-α in the patients with DN.
Conclusions. Docosahexaenoic acid may suppress the expression and secretion of fractalkine through inhibiting the tumor necrosis factor-α signaling pathway in DN patients, which improves inflammation and oxidative stress of the kidney, and in turn, delaying the development of DN.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in China and worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission is one of HBV’s main transmission routes in highly endemic regions. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at HLA loci as associated with HBV infection. However, the mechanisms of HBV perinatal transmission and breakthrough in children have not yet been clearly defined..
We aimed to explore the association between SNPs at HLA loci and HBV infection and breakthrough in children..
A total of 274 HBV-infected children and 353 controls were selected among children aged between 6 months and 12 years in China. Seven SNPs at HLA-DP and HLA-DQ loci were genotyped to analyze their association with HBV infection in children..
Alleles G in both HLA-DPA1 rs3077 and HLA-DPB1 rs9277535 were found to be significantly associated with HBV infection in children with odds ratios (OR) of 1.309 (95% CI 1.046 to 1.639) and 1.411 (95% CI 1.125 to 1.771), respectively. In addition, overdominant analysis found that the rs2281388 (HLA-DPB1) GA genotype and the rs9366816 (HLA-DPB2) TC genotype were related to HBV infection (rs2281388, OR = 1.422, 95% CI: 1.032-1.961; rs9366816, OR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.045-1.994). Furthermore, this study highlighted that rs9277535 was also significantly associated with HBV breakthrough infection in children whose mothers were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)..
Our study confirmed that genetic variants in HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 loci have significant associations with HBV infection, especially with HBV breakthrough in children. This study provides insight into HBV infection in children and is valuable for the targeted management of, and control strategies for, this disease..

Here, we report the case of a 17-year-old woman with progressive muscle weakness, refractory hyperlactatemia, and multiple organ insufficiency. Severe pneumonia was the initial diagnosis. After anti-infective treatment, fluid resuscitation, and mechanical ventilationو the patient’s symptoms improved but hyperlactatemia and muscle weakness persisted. She was empirically treated with carnitine. Biochemical tests, electromyography, and muscle biopsy confirmed lipid storage myopathy. After 7 weeks of treatment, the patient resumed normal daily life. An empirical treatment with carnitine may be beneficial for patients before an accurate diagnosis of lipid storage myopathy is made.