فهرست مطالب m. homapour

In recent years, super-beneficial drinks produced by adding antioxidants, vitamins and probiotic bacteria can be appropriate alternatives to soft drinks. This research was carried out to assess antioxidant characteristics, phenolic content and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition of lavender, khalowash and lemongrass essential oils and a beneficial drink made from the essential oils of selected plants and was finally assessed by sensory assessment.

First, essential oils of the plants were extracted and constituent analysis of the essential oils was carried out using gas chromatography. Antioxidant characteristics, phenolic content and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition were investigated in the essential oils of the plants. Based on the characteristics of the essential plants, essential oils of lemon grass and lavender plants were used to produce beneficial drinks.

Results included antioxidant characteristics of lemongrass, lavender and khalowash essential oils. Regarding the total phenolic content, it was detected that the phenolic content in the pure essential oils of the plants included significant differences (p ˂ 0.05). Based on the results, lemongrass essential oil included the highest phenolic content. Inhibition percentage of alpha-glucosidase for the plant essential oil was nearly 60%. Then, the produced drinks were assessed for antioxidant characteristics and phenolic content and sensory properties (color, odor and taste).

Results showed that the essential oils of lemongrass and lavender plants increased general characteristics of the drinks and because of adding their herbal characteristics to the drinks, it can be addressed as beneficial. Sensory assessment results showed that the produced ultra-beneficial drinks were well accepted.

High-fat contents of whipped creams and their nutritional disadvantages have fascinated several studies. The aim of this study was aimed to decrease the fat content of whipped creams using two gums of chia and mero seeds.

After extracting gums from the seeds, treatments were carried out on eight groups of T1 (20% fat cream), T2% (20% fat cream and 0.3% chia gum), T3 (20% fat cream and 0.3% mero gum), T4 (cream 20% fat, 0.15% chia gum and 0.15% mero gum), T5 (cream 30% fat), T6 (30% fat cream and 0.3% chia gum), T7 ( 30% fat cream and 0.3% mero gum) and T8 (30% fat cream, 0.15% chia gum and 0.15% mero gum). Then, physicochemical (acidity, pH, viscosity, humidity and increases in volume and quantity of water) and sensory (overall acceptance) characteristics of the treatments were assessed on Days 1, 5 and 10.

Use of gums did not affect acidity and pH of the treatments; however, decreases in moisture content and synergy and increases in viscosity and overrun in samples containing chia seed gum alone and chia seed gum with mero were reported. Use of gums in whipped creams included significant effects on color and sensory characteristics. Moreover, T4 treatment included high sensory scores, which was addressed as the best treatment based on the physicochemical indices.

The present study showed that chia and mero seed gums could be used effectively for the production of reduced-fat whipped creams. Treatment T4 (confectionery 20% fat cream, 1.5% maru seed gum and 0.15% chia seed gum) was the best treatment overall.

black peel pomegranate is one of the indigenous cultivars in Iran, which is approximately rare in comparison with other cultivars and is used as an herbal therapy.  In this research, the aim was study of polyphenol compounds and antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice, condensed juice with freeze dryer, and vacuum oven and the choice of the best pomegranate juice condensation method.   For this purpose, pomegranate fruits were washed, squeezed for obtaining the juice, and after the juice was condensed by two methods, freeze dryer and vacuum oven, then antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, total phenol using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids using aluminum chloride method, and detection and quantity of polyphenol compounds using HPLC in the samples were determined.   Results showed that the highest polyphenol compound of the condensed black peel pomegranate juice was punicalagin B. In addition, the highest antioxidant activity (70.0±0.40%), total phenol (2517.0±0.75 mgGa/100ml), and flavonoid (390.50±0.00 mgQ/100ml) were belonged to the condensed pomegranate juice with freeze dryer in comparison with natural pomegranate juice and condensed pomegranate juice with vacuum oven, respectively. The results showed that there are the significant differences in the amounts of antioxidant activity, polyphenol compounds, total flavonoid, and total phenol of the condensed pomegranate juices and natural pomegranate juice (p<0.05).   The condensed black peel pomegranate juice with freeze dryer had the highest polyphenol compounds and antioxidant activity values in comparison with the pomegranate juice with vacuum oven. Therefore, the condensation of pomegranate juice using freeze dryer because of preserving of polyphenol compounds and their antioxidant activities are proposed for its application in food industry.

Olive oil in general due to it monounsaturation, stability, nutritive value, consistency, taste andaroma might be considered as a valuable and luxury oil. Annual importation of olive oil to Iran fromMediterranean countries is on a large scale although some olive oils are produced in Iran particularly in the northand some plantation has been applied in different provinces particularly in Fars. The value of this luxury oileither imported or produced internally provides a ground for adulteration. The aim of this work is to evaluate thechemical characteristics of three varieties (Mari, Arbequina, Koroneiki) of olive oils from two regions (Fadakand Gilvan).Three varieties of olive fruit in two regions were selected and the extracted oils were subjected to aseries of chemical tests consisting of acid value, peroxide value, Iodine value, fatty acid profile as well asphenolic content and sterol composition. The results indicated that all of the samples in terms of acid andperoxide values were consistent with the values defined for extra virgin olive oil. The fatty acid compositionindicated that oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid ranging from 56 to 77% of the total fatty acids indicatingthe Italian and Spanish origins. The analysis of sterol fraction showed that <-sitosterol was the major and thepredominant sterol (88%). The phenolic concentration in this study was 100-250 mg/kg as gallic acid. The studyillustrated that the investigated samples were in agreement with the standard of CODEX and the Iranian nationalstandard in spite of differences obtained.