فهرست مطالب m.h. kooshki

In this study, the effect of sowing date of pinto bean (native variety of Khomein) on the control of two important pests, Empoasca decipiens Paoli (Hemiptera.: Cicadellidae) and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and yield components were conducted in the experimental field, during the two crop years. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement and two factors: pesticide application (spraying and no spraying with pesticide) and sowing date (early May, late May, and mid-June) four replications. The evaluated traits included pod number per plant, seed number per pod, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield, and damage index. The result showed that the pesticide application factor had no significant effect on yield components in both cropping years, except 100-seed weight in the first year. Also, in the second crop year, spraying against pests significantly reduced the damage index. The results of the analysis of variance showed that sowing date had a significant effect on seed number per plant, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield, and damage index. The highest seed yield, the lowest damage index, and the lowest population density of T. tabaci and E. decipiens were in the third sowing date (mid-June).

The Persian clover is one of the native forage crops in Iran for which no bred cultivar has been released yet. For identification and release of the first Persian clover cultivar a series of experiments were conducted from 2000 to 2016 cropping seasons. At first, 14 Persian landraces were collected from regions with known clover cultivation in the country and then individual plants were selected from each population in 1999-2000 cropping season. In total, 176 single plants with superior forage performance were selected in this stage. In 2004-2005 cropping season, seeds from single plants were sown in rows and were compared with Haftchin local Persian clover as check. The preliminary and semifinal forage yield comparisons were conducted to evaluate dry and fresh forage yields of superior clover lines in 2006-2009 cropping season. The VCU test (Value for Cultivation and Use) of the 14 selected lines along with a local Persian clover (Haftchin) as a check was carried out in the uniform regional trials in Kermanshah, Karaj and Borujerd Research Stations. In this experiment BPC/Borujerd/81.13 line (Attar) had 2061 kgha-1 higher yield for dry matter compared to the control. Also, to evaluate response of different Persian clover germplasm to rust disease, two experiments were conducted in Borujderd and Karaj regions. The results showed that all lines as well as control (Haftchin) were relatively sensitive to the rust disease. These lines were compared with the control cultivar (Haftchin) under on-farm conditions in Borujedrd and Aleshtar regions, as the main centers of clover cultivation, in 2015-16 cropping season. The results showed that Attar with 72.99 and 11.08 tha-1 fresh and dry forage yields, respectively, showed 23.65 and 21.79% yield superiority to the control cultivar.  Furthermore, this new cultivar showed more yield stability and forage yield compared to the local cultivar. Hence, it was released with the name of "Attar" as the first Persian clover cultivar.

In order to study the relationship of protein diversity with morphological and agronomic traits in Phaseolus vulgaris, 70 genotypes were evaluated. Samples of seed proteins were prepared by two consecutive extractions of 0.2 and 1 M NaCl of salt soluble proteins. Most of the genotypes showed two different protein patterns. Hotteling T2 for comparison of two groups with or without a special band based on agronomic and seed morphological characters showed significant differences for some protein bands. In low salt soluble proteins (0.2 M), genotypes having bands with the Rf of 7, 38 and 40 had higher 100 seed weight whereas genotypes with the bands of 38 and 40 had lowerseed numbers in comparison with genotypes presented Rf of 30 and 32. In high salt soluble proteins(1 M), 54% of genotypes had bands with Rf of 8, 24 and 26 and 46% with the Rf of 7 and 30. In his test, genotypes with lower 100 seed weight and higher number of seeds and pods per plant, had bands with the RF of 8, 24 and 26 and 7 with the RF of and 30 were associated with the genotypes having higher 100 seed weight and lower seed and pod number per plant. The largest difference between the two protein patterns were obtained for 100 seed weight which seems this charactercorresponds to the identification of two centers of diversity for P. vulgaris.