فهرست مطالب mahboubeh eslami

Beluga is one of the important endangered species in the Caspian Sea and the main farmed species of sturgeon in Iran. Therefore, the idea of ​​using the growth stimulants through the feed under the low water temperature can be useful for improving its growing efficiency. In this study, 120 fish with the mean weight of 440.15 ± 23 g were fed different animal protein-based diets containing zero, 5, 10, and 15 grams of taurine/kg (Considering the amount of taurine in the basic diet, the amount of total taurine in the diets reached to 3.1, 8.3, 13.0, and 18.1 g / kg, respectively), and reared at 10 ± 1 °C for a 56 –day period. The results of growth indicated a significant and positive effect due to presence of taurine in diet comparing the control treatment. In fact, all the three doses were able to improve the feeding and growth of fish, and the highest percentages of weight gain, specific growth rate, and the lowest food conversion ratio were obtained in treatment containing 8.3 g taurine in diet (a treatment that received an additional 5 g / kg taurine). There were significant differences in condition factor, liver and visceral indices among the treatments (p >0.05), and no mortality was observed among the experimental treatments as well. Also, the highest amylase, lipase and protease enzymes activities were measured in 8.3 g taurine treatment. While the concentration of taurine increased in the diet, the carcass lipid and ash percentages decreased and the protein and moisture percentages increased without any significant difference (p >0.05). Different concentrations of taurine had little effect on nonspecific immunity of fish. Whereas, there were not significant differences in the lysozyme enzyme activities, total immunoglobulin and C3 complement (p >0.05). The highest amount of C4 complement was measured in 8.3 g taurine treatment, which was significantly different compared to other treatments (p <0.05). As a conclusion, the diet containing 5 gr/kg taurine could be the optimum growth stimulant diet, and it can improve the growth efficiency of Beluga fish at the low water temperature (10 ± 1 °C). 
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To compare the chelating effect of coriander, Coriandrum sativum,and active charcoal on beluga, Huso huso, a total of 270 beluga (260±2 g) were initially fed with a diet containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g of coriander and charcoalper kg of diet for 60 days. The fish were then subjected to 1 mg/L of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, and copper) for seven days. The best growth and feeding performances before and after challenging with heavy metals were observed in fish fed with 15 g/kg active charcoal. Also, the best growth performance before challenging with heavy metals was observed in fish fed with 5 and 10 g/kg coriander followed by fish fed with 10 and 15 g/kg coriander after the challenging stage. The growth and nutritional efficiency were better in coriander than the charcoal treatments, especially in the pre-challenge stage. No mortalities were observed in charcoal treatments at all. While mortality occurred only in fish fed with 20 g/kg coriander in the first stage, a 100% survival rate was observed only in the second stage of fish fed with 10 g/kg coriander. In both stages of the experiment, the highest percentages of carcass protein and lipid were obtained in fish fed with 10 g/kg coriander and 15 g/kg of charcoal. Also, the lowest ash and the highest moisture were related to the control group. The amounts of protein and ash were higher in carbon treatments while the amounts of lipid and moisture were higher in coriander treatments. Minimum amounts of cadmium, copper, and leadwere obtained in fish fed with 15 and 20 g/kg charcoal and coriander. The concentration of the heavy metals was significantly lower in fish fed with carbon (P<0.05). Therefore, 5-10 g/kg coriander is a better additive in low heavy metal concentration. But in an environment with a higher concentration of heavy metals, adding 15 g/kg active charcoal to beluga diet is recommended.

Background and Early treatment of thrombolysis can reduce mortality in patients with myocardial infarction, so, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of pre-hospital thrombolysis and in-hospital thrombolysis on short-term mortality in patients with myocardial infarction.
Systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase without time and language constraints using related keywords. All articles were exported to EndNote. In initial search, 223 articles were found but finally 10 articles were selected for quality assessment, which was performed using the JADAD standard checklist for interventional studies and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale checklist for cohort studies. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used for data analysis.
The total samples size was 4291 in the pre-hospital group and 4,730 in the in-hospital group. Three clinical trials and all three cohort studies were found to have a good quality. Meta-analysis showed that thrombolytic therapy at the onset of symptoms and prior to patient's transfer to hospital could reduce mortality by 36% (OR= 0.64 CI 95%: 0.45-0.91).
Pre-hospital thrombolysis by emergency technicians can reduce mortality in patients with myocardial infarction.

The aim of the present study is the preliminary examination validity and reliability of learning style scale on Silver, Hanson & Strong model. Participants of this study were the students Payame--Noor University of Tabriz during 92-93, from which 377 students were selected through stratified random sampling. Data collection tool is learning style questionnaire with 32 items with four grades Likert scale based on learning style questionnaire of Silver, Hanson & Strong model. Silver, Hanson & Strong learning style model (1980) had 25 horizontal row and 4 vertical rows that there have been mentioned four behavior describer in each horizontal confirmatory factor analysis was used to survey factorial validity of the questionnaire. Indices of fit goodness in this research were AGFI = 0.86, GFI = 0.90, RMESA = 0.9, x2 = 556.72. These results suggest that questionnaire structure has acceptable fitness with the data and confirms all of the fit goodness indices of the mode and indicates to the optimal fitness of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was elevated using Cronbach's alpha. Its reliability was 0.74. Given the results of this study it can be stated that the developed learning style questionnaire can be a reliable and valid instrument in assessing learning styles.

Choosing the right type of device is important to support users of Health Information Systems. In addition to cost, durability and simplicity, staffing levels and hospital workflows affect in the selected. The purpose of this study was to identify the preferences of users in device selection. This applied research with qualitative method, Focus group, was conducted in 2014. Population research is users of HIS. They have been divided into three distinct groups based on their computer skills and medical knowledge. The sixteen users were invited to three focus group meetings and have been asked to explain their criteria for selection of the device. Questionnaires were also used in order to compare the results of discussions quantitatively. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.86). The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. The mean response of participants shows that end-users with high level of medical knowledge and computer skills, prefer to use tablets (3.75) and then PCs(3.67). Medical staff without computer skills selected tablets(4), workstation on wheels (WOW)(2.5), wall mounted workstation(2.5) and PCs (2.25). Ultimately members with skills in using the computer and lack of medical knowledge, selected PCs (3.37), tablets(3.29), Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) (3.17), wall mounted workstation(4.2) and WOW(2.67). This study showed that the best device for the medical staff is Tablet and PC is the best device for administrative staff.