mahmod reza tadayon

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus biofertilizers on seed germination, growth, and some biochemical indices of quinoa seedlings (Sajama and Titicaca cultivars) under drought stress. Therefore, a three-factor factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2019. The experimental treatments were two cultivars of Sajama and Titicaca as the first factor, four levels of drought stress (control, -0.4, -0.8, and -1.2 MPa) as the second factor, and four levels of nitrogen and phosphorus biofertilizers (control, nitroxin, biophosphorus, and a combination of nitroxin and biophosphorus) as the third factor. Experimental results showed that all measured biochemical characteristics, such as proline content, soluble sugar content, and malondialdehyde content, increased significantly in severe drought stress (drought level of -1.2 MPa) compared to other drought levels for both quinoa cultivars. On the other hand, the germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, and dry weight of seedling indices had decreased under the application of drought stress. The values of germination rate, seedling length, and seedling dry weight indices had decreased equal to 33, 46, and 51% in the application of severe drought stress than the control treatment for Sajama cultivar and equal to 16, 42, and 39% for Titicaca cultivar, respectively. Further, simultaneous inoculation of seeds with nitroxin and biophosphorus fertilizers was reduced the effects of drought stress on the studied traits in both cultivars compared to no application of biofertilizers.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Nano TiO2 and Nano CNT on some germination indices and growth parameters of some hulled barley cultivars. The experiment was conducted in laboratory at Shahrekord University during 2014. Experiment set as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments included of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotube (CNT) in four concentrations (0, 10, 30 and 60 mg.l-1) were applied on seeds of hulled barley cultivars including Bahman, Makoii and Nosrat. Traits were included of the dry weight of seedling and seedling length, germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, the percentage of resistance of radical, seedling vigor length and weight index. The results showed carbon nanotubes treatments with 60 mg.l-1 had significant impact on germination percentage, germination rate, seedling vigor length and weight index and seedling dry weight compared to other treatments. In this experiment, the highest percentage of resistance of radicle, seedling vigor weight index and seedling dry weight of Nosrat cultivar were obtained under 60 mg.l-1 carbon nanotube treatment with 70, 122.2 and 64.9% compared to control treatment respectively. As well as, 60 mg.l-1 carbon nanotube treatment, increased the seedling vigor of Makoii cultivate 39.8% compared to control treatment. It is concluded that, the Nosrat cultivar based on seedling vigor length and weight index, seedling length, seedling dry weight and the percentage of resistance of radicle showed better morphological characteristics than Bahman and Makoii cultivars, under laboratory experiment.