فهرست مطالب mahmood keyvanara

The operating room staff is exposed to stress due to the frequent contacts with patients, which may ultimately leads to burnout. The aim of this study was to determine burnout and its related factors among the operating room staff in teaching hospitals affiliated with the Isfahan University of Medical Sciencesin 2018.

The present quantitative and qualitative study was conducted in Isfahan. In the quantitative phase, 206 employees were selected by simple random sampling method and data were analyzed by SPSS23 using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and other related tests.  Data were collected by “Demographic form” and “Maslach Burnout Inventory” (MBI) questionnaires.  In the qualitative phase, data were collected by conducting interviews with 20 participants including managers, supervisors, and matrons of the operating roomby using MAXQDA12. Software.

Results showed that the demographic variables had a significant relationship with burnout variable and its dimensions. Work experience and academic degree had a significant relationship with depersonalization (P-value < 0.05). According to the multiple linear regression, academic degree had the highest predictive power for depersonalization. In the qualitative phase, three factors associated with burnout included: internal factors of organization, external factors of organization and individual and personal factors of organization.

Burnout affects the staff's efficiency and performance in the operating room. Therefore, managers must provide programs to reduce burnout among the staff, so that they can provide high-quality services and reduce costs.

The higher medical education system’s mission is to maintain and improve the health in society. Furthermore, the roles of social determinants of health in health situation of society have been emphasized, and require in-depth and expansive studies. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the position of social determinants of health in higher medical sciences education system.

This study was conducted using qualitative approach with 20 experts in focus group discussion, and 8 experts in semi-structured interviews. The gathered information was reported using qualitative content analysis approach using codes, subcategories, and main categories.

The findings of focus group discussion and semi-structured interviews with experts resulted in 500 codes, 17 subcategories, and 4 main categories of education, policymaking, legislation, and implementation, participation and accountability in public and private sectors, and weakness in areas related to social determinants of health.

The findings of this study play a strategic role in medical education system for identification and expansion of social determinants of health. These findings can be used by policymakers, planners, and executives of education system to apply the teachings provided in medical education system, and create a more focused and productive system in the area of social determinants of health.

Burnout has negative effects on the performance of employees, especially on the operating room personnel, who are in contact with acute patients. The aim of this study was investigating effective factors on occupational burnout among the operating room staff at the teaching hospitals affiliated with Medical University of Isfahan, Iran.

This study was a qualitative content analysis. The study had 20 participants selected from hospital managers, clinical supervisors, operating room supervisors, and hospital matrons in teaching hospitals (al-Zahra, Khorshid, Amin, Kashani, Feyz) of Isfahan in 2016.Participants were selected using the purposeful sampling method until information saturation was reached. Data were collected using a deep semi-structured interview, after thatall interviews were recorded and then transcribed and reviewed. Later, the data were analyzed by MAXQDA/12.

In this study, three main themes were achieved internal factors of organization, external factors of organization, as well as individual and personal factors of organization. Totally, these main themes had 51 subthemes. In the process of analyzing the main themes, we found that internal factors of organization had 37 subthemes, external factors of organization had 11 subthemes, and individual and personal factors of organization had three subthemes.

Various factors related to job burnout were mentioned by decision makers. It is possible to resolve these factors by proper decisions of managers and heads of hospitals. Managers of hospitals should advance service quality, reduce costs, and decrease losses of burnout due to internal factors of organization, external factors of organization, as well as individual and personal factors of organization.

Holdingcontinuing medical education programs (CME) is one of the recommended global strategies for attaining rational drug prescribing by physicians. The aim of this study was to assess the barriers and fill the gap between the current situation and the favorable status of CME by evaluating experts’ viewpoints on the role of these programs in improving the status of drug prescribing.

This qualitative study was conducted using a semi-structured interview. Participants included those who were well-informed and experienced in the field of rational use and prescribing drugs. Sampling was done in a targeted way and 16 people were interviewed. The interviews were evaluated after the implementation of the theme analysis method.

 In this study, two major concepts including the needs for CME and barriers to effective CME were presented by the participants. The needs for CME included 4 main themes, and the barriers to effective CME included 6 themes (physical, financial, motivational, supervisional, executive, and policy making barriers) and 12 sub themes.

 Regarding the multiple barriers to achieving the effective CME and improving the rational drug prescribing, and in order to overcome these barriers and achieve a favorable status, a review of the content and quality of CME, outcome-based planning, and continuous quality promotion are required.

 Today, social determinants of health are defined as one of the most important approaches in examining health differences among communities as well as within them. In this approach, Early Childhood Development has been a centeral theme in the comprehensive evolution of the child. This study endeavored to examine the content analysis of the Medical Sciences’ curriculum from the perspective of Early Childhood Development.

 In view of that, in this qualitative study through content analysis approach based on the pattern of the social factors affecting health, the content of the undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral degree programs in Medical University of Isfahan Sciences were analyzed After several stages of screening 27 medical sciences official curriculum were analyzed using MAXQDA.

 The results of content analysis showed that in undergraduate and postgraduate, most of the topics related to Early Childhood Development were from Midwifery and Pediatric Nursing, respectively; that is to say courses containing the concept of Early Childhood Development were related to Bachelor of Midwifery, Bachelor of Public Health, and Master of Pediatric Nursing, respectively.

 Comparing three undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral degrees, most of the Early Childhood Developmental topics belong to undergraduate degree. The purpose of medical education is gaining knowledge, skills, and information necessary for care and promoting the health of the community, Medical students' didactic content needs to be socially oriented. In the course headings, the social determinants of health and in particular the topics related to the evolution of early childhood need to be highlighted.

In all areas of life including health, choices have widely increased and concerns over getting hold of further choices have made trust a necessary element. This study, taking into consideration the interconnection of three concepts of trust, risk, and body, aims at describing and interpreting different types of trust experienced in a risky medical operation (cosmetic surgery).

To achieve the given purpose, within interpretative paradigm and employing qualitative method, in‑depth phenomenological interviews were conducted with 26 people who volunteered to have a cosmetic surgery. Participants, who have been selected through purposive sampling techniques, were fully aware of their participation in the study and were insured that the data would be confidential and would be used only for the purpose of the study. Data were gathered within a one‑year period of the study, from February 20, 2012 to February 20, 2013. Results of three‑phase interviews were validated against participatory feedback and researchers’ triangulation and were further analyzed by means of seven‑stage Colaizzi method.

Consequently, five main themes, namely, vicarious trust, trust within the reach, institutionalized trust, criterion trust, and wrapped trust were extracted.

Apart from existing differences among these five themes (e.g. degree of the subjectivity and objectivity in the patient), they can be regarded comparable in terms of being single‑sided (from the patient’s side).In other words, in all experiences, participants, having considered “the necessity of gaining trust” as a presupposition, have made a unilateral effort in creating the aforementioned phenomenon.