فهرست مطالب mahsa haji mohammad hoseini

Vital signs and level of consciousness are one of the most important components of patient examination in traffic accidents. Vital signs show a suitable measure of the initial condition of the patient and also the effect of the interventions. In this study, to evaluate the effects of the type of helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) or ground emergency medical service (GEMS) ambulance transport, the changes in initial vital signs and arriving at the hospital in traffic accident patients were compared.

The data collected in this retrospective analytical descriptive study as a census included the type of transfer, age, gender, distance from the scene to the hospital, duration of the mission, mechanism of injury, patient’s condition and vital signs, and level of consciousness. The propensity score matching was used to control confounding factors. The analysis of the outcomes of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and level of consciousness of patients when they arrived at the hospital was done with a generalized linear model. Before and after the matching of HEMS and GEMS patients, vital signs, level of consciousness, and other initial variables were compared with the t-test and the chi-square test.

Initial vital signs before matching showed that HEMS patients had lower systolic blood pressure and consciousness in addition to higher respiratory and heart rates (P<0.05). After matching, no significant difference was observed in primary vital signs (P<0.05). After interventions and transfer, no significant difference was observed in vital signs arriving at the hospital in HEMS and GEMS (P<0.05).

After matching, HEMS and GEMS patients did not have significant differences in the level of consciousness and initial vital signs when they arrived at the hospital. There should be more accuracy in the triage and selection of patients who need to be transported by HEMS.

Conflicts arise when a person or group perceives that another person or group opposes their interests, beliefs, and values. Although conflict usually carries a negative sense, it may be productive for nurses, their colleagues, or patients in clinical settings.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of workplace conflict and the coping strategies used by nurses working in teaching hospitals in Qom City, Iran.

This is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Study participants comprised 373 nurses in teaching hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences. They were selected using simple random sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic form, DuBrin workplace conflict questionnaire, and Putnam and Wilson’s organizational communication conflict instrument (OCCI). The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate linear regression model.

Most participants were female (63.8%) with a bachelor’s degree (88.3%). Their mean age was 34.78±5.96 years. The mean score of workplace conflicts was 10.04±3.93 and the mean score of the control strategy was significantly higher in nurses with a high level of workplace conflict (24.90±3.75). The multivariate regression results revealed that age, sex, marital status, educational level, type of employment, department of service, work experience, and three conflict resolution strategies could predict 32% of workplace conflict (adjusted R2=0.32, P=0.001).

Workplace conflict among nurses of hospitals in Qom is high. They mostly use the solution-orientated strategy followed by non-confrontation and control strategies.

Higher education is one of the most important subdivisions of the educational system. The most important goal is to provide the background for progress of the individuals and to train healthy, efficient and responsible human beings to play a role in individual and social life. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between motivation and burnout with self-efficacy in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was performed at 2016 on operating room and anesthesia students of Qom University of Medical Sciences. The study sample was 188 students who were selected by census method. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, academic.burnout, academic motivation scale and self-efficacy questionnaire

The mean and standard deviation of students' scores in this study were 43.79   ±  15.86, (0-90) on the academic burnout scale, 179.64  ±  46. 07 (0-297) on the academic self-efficacy scale and 145.51 ± 20.61, (28-196) on the academic motivation scale. All subscales of academic motivation and self-efficacy were associated with academic burnout. Also, a significant relationship was found between students' gender and academic performance with academic burnout (P <0.05)

The results showed that the level of achievement motivation and self-efficacy are two negative predictors of academic burnout, which determine their extent and provide solutions to improve them through appropriate educational planning and holding workshops. Mental health, time management and can improve the educational status of learners in an educational system.

Auditory stimulation is a treatment method for sensory deprivation of comatose patients, which helps wake up the patient by activating the choroid plexuses in the brain.

This study aims to determine the effect of auditory stimulation with occupational noise on the consciousness level of comatose patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

This clinical trial was conducted on 50 comatose patients with TBI hospitalized in intensive care units of one of the hospitals in Qom City, Iran. They were randomly assigned to two groups of control (n=25) and intervention (n=25) using the block randomization method. The intervention group received auditory stimulation with occupational voice for 10 days in the morning and evening shifts, each for 15-20 minutes. The consciousness level of patients was evaluated before and after stimulation using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, the independent t test, and the generalized estimating equations model.

The Mean±SD ages of the patients were 35.92±14.68 years in the intervention group and 33.32±13.74 years in the control group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding demographic or disease-related variables. The Mean±SD scores of GCS before the stimulation were 5.28±1.81 in the control group and 5.12±1.90 in the intervention group. This difference was not statistically significant. The Mean±SD scores of GCS after the stimulation were 6.60±3.25 in the control group and 8.80±4.05 in the intervention group. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.038). The level of consciousness in the intervention group increased more than in the control group in the 10th day of study.

Auditory stimulation with occupational noise can increase the consciousness level of comatose patients with TBI. Auditory stimulation can raise the consciousness level of these patients hospitalized in intensive care units.

This study aims to investigate the relationship of communication skills with clinical self-efficacy and clinical competence in operating room students.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. Participants were 100 operating room students from the School of Allied Medical Sciences, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran in 2021, who were selected by a census method. To collect data, in addition to a demographic form (surveying age, sex, semester), Queendom communication skills test, perceived perioperative competence scale-revised, and clinical self-efficacy questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics (Percentage, Mean±SD) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, and ANOVA) were used in analyzing the data.

There was a significant and positive correlation between communication skills and clinical competence (r=0.478, P≤0.001) and between communication skills and clinical self-efficacy (r=0.445, P≤0.001).

Communication skills of Iranian operating room students have a positive and significant relationship with their clinical self-efficacy and clinical competence. Considering the importance of communication skills in providing safe and high-quality patient care, attention should be given to the communication skills training of these students by the educational planners and managers.

Students are one of the most sensitive groups of the society and they face challenges through academic situations. Resilience has a protective role against the stressful situation.

The aim of this study was the investigation of humor and stress resilience associations among students. Setting and Design: Two hundred and sixty students were selected from Qom University of medical sciences during multi-stage cluster random sampling for this cross-sectional study in 2020.

The study instruments were the Samuels Academic Resilience Indicator and the multidimensional humor questionnaire. Students were divided into different groups based on their field of study, then using random sampling method, the number of sample in each class was selected from all in the same category. Statistical Analysis Used: The collected data were analyzed by using multiple regression and descriptive statistical analysis by SPSS version 18.

The results showed the association between the stress resilience and humor was direct and significant. Multiple regression results also showed laughter (P = 0.001 and β = 0.26), humor enjoyment (P = 0.010 and β = 0.16) and social humor (P = 0.010 and Β = 0.19) predicted the students’ stress resilience; with a total of 22% of the variance of resilience.

According to the findings, humor may play an important effective role in increasing resilience to stress, by creating and empowering these components, we may promote their resilience among medical students.

The pace of population aging is increasing around the world. Medication errors are more common among the elderly for a variety of reasons and can lead to serious complications.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of errors and related factors in the use of blood glucose control medications in a diabetic elderly population in Qom, Iran. Setting and Design: This descriptive, correlational study was conducted on the elderly with type II diabetes, who were referred to the diabetes centers of Qom. The sample size was measured to be 200, based on the available sampling method.

Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, as well as a researcher-made Medication errors questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data.

Overall, 69% of the samples were female, and the mean age of the participants was 63.59 ± 4.84 years. The incidence of medication errors was 69% among older patients. There was a significant relationship between medication error and polypharmacy (P < 0.001), comorbidities (P < 0.025), duration of diabetes(P < 0.026), and use of aids(P < 0.038). Forgetfulness(26.33%) and lack of drug information (12.61%) were the most common causes of medication errors in patients.

The results showed that the incidence of medication errors, which was influenced by various factors, was high among the elderly. Therefore, to prevent and reduce the incidence of medication misuse, proper measures should be taken.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a life‑threatening condition that causes physical and psychological disorders and decreases patients’ quality of life (QoL). Performing proper educational self‑care program may lead to higher QoL in these patients. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of a self‑care educational program on QoL in patients with CAD.

This semi‑experimental study was performed on 60 patients with CAD referred to the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) center of Vali Asr hospital in Qom, Iran, in 2018–2019. Patients were divided into control and intervention groups by randomized sampling. The self‑care educational program was provided through lectures and booklet. Data collection was done using the “demographic and clinical data questionnaire,” and “Seattle Angina questionnaire.” Questionnaires were completed in both groups, before and at least 1 month after education. Analysis of the obtained data was performed using SPSS software (version 25), central indexes, Mann–Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test.

No significant differences were observed between the two groups for demographics characteristics and quality of life before the intervention. Before the self‑care program, the mean score of the QoL in the intervention and control group were 56.14 ± 9.75 and 58.46 ± 11.71, respectively. After that, the mean score of the QoL in the intervention and control group were 59.25 ± 10.56 and 59.7 ± 13.33, respectively. The statistical analysis showed significant differences in the mean scores of QoL in the intervention group before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were seen in the control group before and after the study (P > 0.05).

The self‑care educational program improved the QoL in patients with CAD. Therefore, lectures and educational booklets should be considered by CR nurses.

Team-based learning is a kind of participatory and new learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of teaching by team-based learning on learning and the academic motivation of emergency medical students in the triage course.

 Materials & Methods:

 This semi-experimental study was conducted as a census in the second semester of 2017-2016 on associate students of medical emergencies in part of the content of the two-unit course of medical emergencies in disasters, which is related to triage in children and adults. To measure the amount of learning before and after the implementation of this method and also to measure the amount of memory before the beginning of the method, after the end of it and about six months later, the test was held and the scores were compared. The Harter Academic Motivation Questionnaire was also used to assess academic motivation before and after the course. To analyze the data, SPSS software version 19 was used with descriptive and analytical indicators such as pair-t-test at a significance level of less than 0.05.

 In this study, the mean scores of external motivation and students' motivation increased significantly compared to the before implementation of team-based learning methods(P value=0.03), and the scores of internal motivation increased compared to the previous one(P value=0.05). Comparison of the mean of the scientific score obtained from the triage course also showed that the average score of the students after the implementation of the team-based learning method was significantly higher than before implementation of team based learning (P value=0.01).

The results of this study showed that the use of TBL teaching method has increased the motivation and improved the learning of medical emergency students. Therefore, the use of this method is recommended in teaching students.

Coronavirus syndrome has now become a global challenge. Meanwhile, nurses are under great psychological pressure due to their presence in the front line of treatment. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate psychological disorders in nurses facing patients with Covid-19 in 2020.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 275 nurses working in hospitals receiving infected covid-19 patients were randomly assigned to complete the study and completed the demographic checklist and PTSD and Depression and Anxiety Questionnaires (DASS-21).

The mean and standard deviation of post-traumatic stress disorder in the present study was 17.46 ± 5.42 and 23.5% of the subjects had post-traumatic stress disorder. Also, the mean and standard deviation of depression was 14.83 ± 4.59 The mean and standard deviation of their anxiety was 13.72 ±   4.38.

This study has shown that with the onset and spread of coronavirus disease, the nurses has experienced a lot of stress and anxiety. Lack of sufficient knowledge about the disease, fear of contracting the disease and transmission of the disease to other family members, as well as opposition from family members were among the reasons for anxiety.

Turnover intention, the nursing profession, is one of the major challenges for the nursing staff around the world that leads to reduce work motivation and poor quality of care.

The aim of this study is to determine relationship among role conflict, role ambiguity, and the turnover intention the nursing at hospitals of the Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2018, Iran. Setting and Design: A cross‑sectional survey was conducted at five hospitals of Qom Medical Science University.

Two hundred and sixteen nurses included to the study using the simple random sampling a three part questionnaire asking for information on demographic characteristics, role conflict and role ambiguity, and nurses’ turnover intention was used as a data gathering tool. Statistical Analysis Used: Date were analyzed using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

48.8% of nurses intended to leave their profession. In a univariate logistic regression model, it was found that role conflict, role ambiguity, being single, and working overtime increased nursing staff turnover intention. Furthermore, increase in age, work experiences, official recruitment, and a fixed morning shift decreased nurses’ turnover intention. In multivariate logistic regression model, only role conflict and role ambiguity were significantly associated with turnover intention the nursing profession.

Based on the findings, role conflict and role ambiguity can predict nursing staff turnover intention. Therefore further attention to occupational variables seems to be necessary to reduce high nursing staff turnover intention.

Patients with heart failure encounter numerous problems. The current study aimed to explore the effects of Johnson’s behavioral system model (JBSM) on the care of patients with heart failure, considering all aspects of their behaviors.

This case report study was performed in 2020 in a hospital affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom City, Iran. A patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was examined and received JBSM. Based on the assessment form of JBSM, the relevant interviews and evaluations of subsystems were performed. The required data were collected using JBSM’s assessment checklist by observing, interviewing, and conducting physical examinations. Data sources included the client and her medical records, physicians, and nurses. The researcher followed up the patient for two months. In total, three face-to-face interviews were conducted with the patient. After the patient was discharged from the hospital, her condition was followed up via phone calls.

The patient presented unstable behaviors concerning aggressive protective, ingestive, eliminative, and sexual subsystems. After performing nursing care according to JBSM, her erratic behaviors decreased. Applying nursing models in the patient care process can alleviate unstable behaviors and promote sustainable behaviors in patients with heart failure.

Medical conditions required intensive care usually occur suddenly. Hospitalization of a family member in these wards is a stressful event for all members of family and causes new immediate needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of family members with a child hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit from the perspective of mothers and nurses working in these wards.

This descriptive analytical study was conducted in 2017. A total of 24 NICU nurses of Hazrate Masoume hospital, were studied using census method and 38 mothers that had a hospitalized child were studied by random method. In this study, 42-item version of Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) was used to assess the family needs. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and independent t-test.

From the mothers’ point of view (97.6 percent) most of the needs on the CCFNI were rated as very important (mean > 3) and from the nurses' viewpoint, 59.5% of the family's needs were very important. The mean score of the importance degrees of importance of total needs among NICU nurses, were lower than mothers, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

The findings of this research revealed that family members, specially mothers have specific identifiable needs. The gap between mothers’ and nurses’ viewpoints on family needs is significant and this finding could provide proper insight in nurses working in NICUs to meet the family need.

Marital relationship is a multi-dimensional relationship, which is affected by many factors, such as psychological, individual, and social parameters. Satisfaction with a sexual relationship can cause the strength of the family, as well as both physical and mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the quality of marital relationships and marital stress in patients with ischemic heart disease.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 300 patients with acute coronary syndrome two months after being admitted to the Cardiac Angiography Unit at Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran, during 2016. The patients were selected using a  convenience sampling method. Moreover, the
data were collected through demographic characteristics form, clinical data questionnaire, as well as marital quality, and Stockholm marital stress scales. The data were then analyzed in SPSS software (version 13) through central indices, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression.

The mean age of the patients was 65.95±5.06 years. Moreover, the mean values of the quality of marital relationships and marital stress were 54.36±9.4 and 3.56±0.05  respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant negative correlation between the quality of marital relationship scores and marital stress scores (r=-0.718). Furthermore, the results of linear regression analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between the quality of the marital relationship and marital stress after removing the effects of intervening variables (P=0.001, R2=59%).

The results showed that patients with acute coronary syndrome had favorable marital relationships and low levels of marital stress. Moreover, a reduction in marital stress improved the quality of the marital relationship. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses pay attention to education regarding marital stress management in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Sexual activity is a multi-faceted construct that is influenced by multiple variables, including individual, social, and psychological factors. Sex education can facilitate the reduction of disease complications, especially in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease. Regarding this, the present research aimed at examining the impact of a self-care education program on sexual function in ischemic heart disease patients.

The present semi-experimental research was conducted on 60 patients afflicted with ischemic heart disease, in the Vali Asr Hospital in Qom, Iran, in 2017. The study population was assigned into two groups of control and intervention by the simple random sampling technique. The patients were subjected to self-care education via CDs. the data were collected by means of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, as well as demographic and clinical form. The two research groups filled out the questionnaires prior to and a minimum of one month following the training. Data analysis was performed by Wilcoxon test, central tendency, and Mann-Whitney U test.

According to the results, the patients in the intervention and control groups had the mean ages of 58.1±5.8 and 57.66±4.5, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the sexual function of the intervention group after the educational intervention, compared to that before the intervention (P<0.05). However, no such difference was observed in the control group between the two study stages (P>0.05).

As the findings indicated, sexual training programs could result in the improvement of sexual function in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease. Accordingly, nurses are recommended to consider such educational interventions for patients with this heart condition.

Pre-hospital emergency is usually the first phase of treatment. The most serious emergency cases before any action in health care unit is to know what services are the cause of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the patients with the overall emergency care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of recipients of pre-hospital emergency care in Qom City.

In this descriptive study 400 patients who transported to the hospitals by Qom EMS were selected by using simple random sampling. Data were collected by using of satisfaction questionnaire. The data gathered through telephone interviews. Data were collected by using a demographic questionnaire and a Consumer Emergency Care Satisfaction Scale (CECSS) and then analyzed by SPSS v. 16 software using descriptive and Chi-square tests.

The results showed that the satisfaction rate from emergency ambulances and the efficiency of the emergency staff was moderate, and the satisfaction from technicians, the rate of acting professionally, performance of technicians, and the general opinion of patients were high. Also, the highest level of satisfaction (70%) belonged to technicians and the least satisfaction (26%) belonged to ambulance.

Although the satisfaction rate of Qom pre-hospital emergency staff related to the performance of ambulance was low due to some shortcomings and deficiencies;however the overall rate of satisfaction from pre-hospital emergency care in Qom City was at a good and acceptable level.

Marital satisfaction is a very important aspect of a couple's relationship that is affected by various factors such as cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the sexual satisfaction based on the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) in patients with coronary artery disease.

This descriptive  cross-sectional study was performed on 220 patients with acute coronary disease admitted to angiography ward of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The data collection tools in this study included background and clinical information checklists and Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with chi-square, one-way ANOVA and univariate and multivariate regression test.

The mean sexual satisfaction of all participants was 103.24±13.62. Their average sexual satisfaction in people with LVEF in range of >55%, 45-55%, 35-45% and <35% was 106.29±14.49, 105.95±10.12, 103.84±12.18 and 96.89±17.7 (p=0.041) respectively.

LVEF is an important factor in sexual satisfaction in patients with acute coronary disease and sexual satisfaction decreases by reducing of LVEF.

Using of varied teaching methods may be effective in motivating to learn better. The present study aimed to compare the effect of teaching based on team‐based learning (TBL)دand group discussion methods on academic motivation and learning of operating room students in the technology of gastrointestinal surgery lesson in Qom University of Medical Sciences. Settings and Design: This semi‐experimental study was conducted among two groups of continuous and discontinuous undergraduate course students of operating room in Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2016–2017. The sampling method was the census. A combination of the TBL method and lecture was conducted randomly among group of continuous undergraduate course students (21 persons) and group discussion among discontinuous undergraduate course students (14 persons). Hartler’s motivation questionnaire completed by the students at the first and last semesters. The test was also carried out immediately after the end of the term and four months after that.
Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using frequency, percent, and independent and paired t‐test in SPSS 13 software. Comparison of educational motivation score in both groups before and after the intervention was not significant (P > 0.05). Academic motivation, after the intervention, was significant in both
groups (P > 0.05). Comparison of scores did not differ between the two groups immediately after training and 4 months later (P > 0.05). Considering the lack of significant difference between TBL and group discussion in learning and increasing the level of academic motivation of students due to the use of these two methods, it is suggested that TBL and the group discussion replace with the common teaching methods, including lectures.

The tendency to leave nursing profession can exacerbate the shortage of nursing workforce and ultimately will have negative effects on the quality of health care provision. The aim of this study was to determine the tendency to leave nursing profession at the therapeutic and educational centers of Qom city.   This cross-sectional study was carried out on nurses working in therapeutic and educational centers affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences. After preparation of the list of nurses, 207 nurses were selected by simple random sampling method from 6 therapeutic and educational centers. First, the participants completed the demographic information questionnaire, then, the tendency to leave nursing profession was assessed as one question. Descriptive statistical indexes and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis.   The tendency to leave nursing profession among the participants was 54.6%. The rate of tendency to leave nursing profession among male nurses was 2.5 times higher than that of females (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.03-6.31). Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that working in the fix morning shift in internal-surgical ward, having less than 10 years of work experience, and having overtime significantly increases the tendency to leave nursing profession.   Based on the findings of the present study, tendency to leave nursing profession in therapeutic and educational centers of Qom city is significant; therefore, given the variables affecting the increase of this phenomenon among nurses, a comprehensive program should be designed to improve this variable and its consequences.

Triage is the key for success in management of large numbers of injured and limited resources, and without preparedness of nurses to would seem an impossible task. This study has been conducted with the aim of determining the effect of training through the method of simulation on the knowledge and performance of nursing students in carrying out the pre-hospital triage.
This semi-experimental study was conducted on 70 students of nursing who were selected based on the study’s inclusion criteria and through the randomized sampling method. The researcher tools included “triage test having 10 questions of four options each and practical test including examining the correct performance of triage based on START criteria by using 10 designed simulated mockup models and based on the injury received by the victim and the level of injury”. The validity of the test was verified through the formal and content validity method, and the reliability of the knowledge questionnaire based on the Cronbach-Alpha Coefficient was obtained to be equal to 0.87. After examining the level of knowledge on triage before training, the triage training workshop was held in two sessions of two hours each and through the simulation method, and again the scientific test and practical test were performed. For data analysis, the paired t-test and independent t-test were used, and the Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to examine data normality. Data were analyzed using SPSS software-version 16.
The results of statistical analysis showed that the level of students’ knowledge significantly increased from 4.6±1.94 before training to 7.40±1.35 after training. Their performance significantly increased from 4.90±1.6 to 8.30±1.5.
The results of the study showed that training with the simulation method on mockup model was effective on the preparedness of nurses for triage when accidents and emergencies occur. It was also found that training improves their preparedness in this regard. It is recommended that for better preparedness of nurses in triage in case of accidents and medical emergencies, this training method should be used.

Spiritual health is the newest dimension of health without which other dimensions of health cannot be optimally efficient. Pleasure is an extended state of mind that people experience as a positive or valuable need. It includes certain psychological states such as happiness, joy, ecstasy, and feeling of satisfaction. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between spiritual health and pleasure in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences (QUMS).
In this study, 250 students of QUMS were randomly selected and then completed Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale and Ellison and Paloutzian Spiritual Well-Being Scale if they provided informed consent to participate in the study. Data analysis was conducted by the SPSS version 16.
The scores on total Ellison and Paloutzian Spiritual Well-Being Scale and religious and spiritual well-being subscales were significantly associated with pleasure in students (p0.05).
Spiritual health and its dimensions were significantly associated with pleasure among QUMS students such that pleasure and joy, pivotal factors for prevention of depression, and mental health increased in the students with increasing their spiritual health.

Every year a large number of our countrymen lose their lives due to traffic accidents. Traffic accidents lead to considerable social and economic burden, and in case of serious neglect, it may be turned into a national disaster. This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of road accident deaths in Qom Province.
This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the road driving accident deaths in Qom Privince in the first 5 months of 2014 (March 21 to July 23 using the data provided by the Legal Medicine Organization. Data were analyzed by Chi square test (for comparison of differences in number of deaths in terms of gender and age).
The total number of deaths was reported 80 individuals in the first 5 months of 2014. The highest statistics of death was related to the Qom–Aveh road with 11 deaths, and 29 deaths were due to vehicle rollover. Most of the victims (17 cases), were in the age group of 0-10 years, followed by 21-30 and 31-40 age groups, each with 15 cases; 59 deceased individuals were male, and 28 individuals had primary education level, while this rate was two cases in individuals with bachelor's degree. Forty-one deceased individuals, were drivers. Fifty-seven subjects died at the scene of the accident. Multiple fractures and head trauma, were the most common cause of death with 38 and 36 subjects, respectively. Seventy deaths were related to the main roads and 17 deaths occurred on Thursday.
Due to high incidence of traffic accidents and death cases, there is a need for comprehensive programming by responsible organizations, such as traffic center, relief and rescue systems, and cultural institutions to deal with this phenomenon. Therefore, investigation of death causes and comparison of its mechanism can lead to good results.

Work environment dictates physical, social and mental tensions each of which affect the staff’s health. Likewise, pre-hospital emergency care staff, due to the special nature of their job, are exposed to the tensions of emergency situations which can affect their health. Therefore, this study was conducted to scrutinize the relationship between the job burnout and mental health in pre-hospital emergencies of Qom Province.
In this descriptive sectional study, 150 employed personnel of Qom 115 Emergency Care entered the study using census method. Data were gathered using questionnaires of “Background and Clinical Information”, “Mental Health”, and “Job Burnout”, and then based on central indices, Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression statistical tests were run through software SPSS13 and then analyzed.
The average age of the participants was 30.8±5.8. The averages of the values of burnout and mental health were 69.43±12.4 and 60±14.1, respectively. According to Pearson correlation test, the values of the burnout and mental health have a significant negative correlation (r=-0.8). The results of multiple linear regression test showed that the correlation of the burnout and mental health considering the confounding variables is significant. (P=0.05)
Pre-hospital employed personnel have desirable mental health and [low] burnout. Furthermore, improved mental health results in decreasing job burnout. Therefore, it is advisable to consider necessary facilities for caring for oneself.