فهرست مطالب maryam bakhtiari

This study aimed to investigate whether transdiagnostic treatment as well as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) could improve treatment adherence and alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms plus perceived stress in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome.

Research has shown that people with chronic diseases often have negative attitudes toward medications, especially when they also have psychiatric disorders. This, along with the complex dosing requirements and inadequate knowledge about medication adherence among irritable bowel syndrome patients, can affect the treatment efficacy.

A randomized clinical trial was conducted using a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population included patients with irritable bowel syndrome referring to Taleghani Hospital in Tehran between winter 2021 and spring 2022. Convenience sampling was used to select 30 individuals, with 15 people assigned to each group. Two types of psychotherapy were provided online and individually to the participants. The desired treatments were given to the transdiagnostic treatment and ACT groups in eight weekly sessions of 45-60 minutes.

There was no significant difference between the transdiagnostic treatment pre-test and ACT regarding perceived stress, medication adherence, and gastrointestinal symptoms (P>0.05). There was no significant difference either between the transdiagnostic treatment and ACT post-test. However, there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test phases of ACT regarding adherence, gastrointestinal symptoms, plus perceived stress (P<0.05) and transdiagnostic treatment regarding gastrointestinal symptoms (P<0.05).

Specialists may use transdiagnostic treatment and ACT as effective psychological treatments to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms and perceived stress, thereby increasing treatment adherence in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

A brief look at the definitions of information literacy and mental health literacy, as well as research in this area, suggests that there is a relationship between information literacy and mental health literacy. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between mental health literacy and information literacy among students of Abadan University of Medical Sciences.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students studying in Abadan University of Medical Sciences, of which 294 were selected as a statistical sample. To assess the status of mental health literacy, a questionnaire based on the questionnaire of Sayarifard et al., and to assess information literacy, a researcher-made questionnaire based on Adsadowsky's questionnaire was used. The validity of the instruments was confirmed by experts and the reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test (with a coefficient of 0.82 for the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire and 0.78 for the Information Literacy Questionnaire).

The results showed that the mental health literacy of the students based on the components of mental health literacy is at a high level. Mental health literacy of female students is higher than male students, and mental health literacy of older students is higher than younger students. The level of information literacy of the investigated students is also, based on the components of information literacy, at a low level. There is also a positive and significant relationship between mental health literacy and information literacy among the studied population.

Training students to increase information literacy and health information literacy with the aim of empowering them to identify problems and mental illnesses in themselves and others as soon as possible and to carry out appropriate interventions, enables them to better identify, locate and evaluate the needed information related to the identified diseases and disorders and take action appropriately.

Spirituality plays a role in various dimensions of human psychological life. One of these dimensions is emotional cognitive regulation, which studies have shown to be predicted by spirituality. COVID-19 healthcare professionals use both emotional self-regulation and spirituality as coping strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between individual dimensions of spirituality and emotional cognitive regulation among employees in the COVID-19 prevention and control sector.

This study is a descriptive correlational. The sample population consisted of active employees in the COVID-19 prevention and control sector of health centers. 119 health center employees who had been exposed to COVID-19 for at least six months participated in this study and responded to the Garnefski and Kraaij’s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Parsian and Dunning’s Spirituality Questionnaire. All ethical considerations were observed in this research, and the authors did not report any conflicts of interest.

The results showed a significant positive relationship between spiritual meaning and positive refocusing (r=0.24), positive reappraisal (r=0.41), positive refocusing (r=0.41), and perspective taking (r=0.27). Spiritual activity had a significant positive relationship with positive refocusing (r=0.35), positive reappraisal (r=0.39), positive refocusing (r=0.31), and perspective taking (r=0.32), and a negative and significant relationship with catastrophizing (r=-0.22). Additionally, self-awareness had a significant positive relationship with positive refocusing (r=0.38), positive reappraisal (r=0.43), positive refocusing (r=0.34), and perspective taking (r=0.26), and a negative and significant relationship with catastrophizing (r=-0.29), other-blame (r=-0.23), and rumination (r=-0.25). Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship between the importance of spirituality and positive refocusing (r=0.23), positive reappraisal (r=0.28), positive refocusing (r=0.30), and perspective taking (r=0.23).

There was a significant relationship between various dimensions of spirituality and emotional cognitive regulation among employees in the COVID-19 prevention and control sector, with the highest correlation belonging to the dimensions of spiritual self-awareness and positive refocusing on cognitive-emotional regulation.

The high prevalence of borderline personality disorder, along with comorbid psychiatric disorders and impulsive reactions (suicide attempts, self-mutilation, substance use, and impulsive behaviors) increase the need for effective psychological interventions. In this study, the effectiveness of dialectical behavior skills training based on the Soler method and family education with individual therapies are compared in this group of patients.

In this single-blind case study, eight cases were selected through a targeted sampling method based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups: Intervention individually and individual intervention with family education. Both group members and the family members of the second group received dialectical behavior skills training based on the Soler model. The participants completed the borderline personality inventory, self-harm inventory, and Barratt impulsivity scale in four stages: At the beginning of the sessions, in the middle of the treatment, at the end of the treatment, and three months after treatment.

The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Friedman test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The results indicate the effectiveness of the dialectical behavior skills training method based on the Soler model in reducing symptoms of borderline personality disorder and self-mutilation, as well as emotion regulation improvement at the significant level of P=0.05.

This treatment is recommended as an effective and short-term method for controlling symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Family education, in addition to dialectical behavior therapy, has been shown to have a positive effect on reducing symptoms in patients.

Because gastric ulcer is a psychosomatic disease in which many psychological factors are involved, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on pain intensity and quality of life in patients with peptic ulcer disease.

The research method was semi-experimental and based on the pretest-posttest control group design, with follow-up after three months. The sample included 46 participants who were selected by a purposeful sampling method and placed randomly in the experimental and control groups. At first, at the same time, and in the same conditions, all the participants responded to the Chronic Pain Grade questionnaire (CPG) and Quality of life Questionnaire (SF-12). The emotion regulation training was performed for the experimental group. In the end, both groups were evaluated by posttests, and then they were tracked after an interval of three months. In order to analyze data, ANCOVA test was applied through SPSS 22.

Findings showed that emotion regulation training was meaningfully effective in decreasing pain intensity and increasing life quality (p<0.01) and after three months, no significant changes were found in the results.

Due to the positive changes in the criteria of this protocol effectiveness, it is concluded that emotion regulation training has been successful in reducing the symptoms of pain intensity in PUD patients and increasing life quality, this treatment can be added to other treatments for PUD patients.

With the increase in the spread of COVID-19, mental health consequences such as fear, anxiety, and depression have become prevalent. This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of fear of COVID-19 and quarantine fatigue on depression in congenital heart disease patients during the pandemic.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 105 patients with congenital heart disease (6 men and 99 women) who were referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospitals and Tehran Heart Center during 2021-22. Data were collected using a depression scale, a fear scale for COVID-19, and a quarantine fatigue questionnaire.

The results showed that 28.6% of patients with congenital heart disease experienced mild depression, while 7.6% had severe depression. Quarantine fatigue was found to be mild in 43.8% of patients. Additionally, fear of COVID-19 (r=0.195, P=0.001) and quarantine fatigue (r=0.617, P=0.001) were significantly correlated with depression in congenital heart patients.

Fear of COVID-19 is related to depression caused by coronavirus and quarantine fatigue in patients with congenital heart disease.

 Emotional disorders are common and recurring mental conditions that can severely affect individuals and have long-term economic consequences for society.

 This study aimed to predict emotional disorders, using neuroticism, emotion regulation, experiential avoidance (EA), and repetitive negative thinking as predictors.

 The study included a sample of 414 patients diagnosed with emotional disorders residing in Tehran. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Negative Repetitive Thoughts Questionnaire (NRTQ), Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (EAQ), Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS), and NEO Personality Questionnaire (NEO FFI). Structural equation modeling, analyzed with SPSS-22 and AMOS-24 software, was employed for data analysis.

 Neuroticism significantly predicted negative emotional regulation, EA, emotional disorders, and repetitive negative thoughts (P < 0.001). The coefficient of determination for emotional disorders was calculated as 0.73, indicating that 73% of the variance in emotional disorders can be explained by the predictor variables (neuroticism, emotional regulation, negative repetitive thoughts, and EA).

 Therefore, it is essential to consider the influence of personality and psychological factors on the inclination toward disorders. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for the development of culturally sensitive, contextually relevant, and psychosocially oriented prevention and treatment programs for emotional disorders using an integrated approach.

Various studies have investigated the role of emotional contagion in various emotional disorders, but the role of emotional contagion dimensions in the psychological symptoms during the Covid-19 epidemic has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of emotional contagion on depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder of hospital staff during the Covid-19 epidemic.

This was cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The present study population consisted of hospital staff of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences who were selected by convenience and with the help of inclusion criteria in the winter of 1399 that 200 people were selected by Convenience Sampling and measured by Depression Anxiety Scale (DASS)(PTSD check list for DSM5 (PCL-5) and the Emotional contagion Scale.

The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 18% of the variable changes in the criterion of depression. The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 28% of the variable changes in the anxiety criterion. The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 43% of the variable changes in the post-traumatic stress disorder criterion.

According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that education about emotional contagion and awareness of its effect on psychological problems play an important role in improving the psychological condition of hospital staff in pandemic conditions.

The outbreak of coronavirus in Wuhan, China in 2019 has caused numerous mental health problems around the world. Among the psychological problems that have emerged due to the Covid-19 pandemic are symptoms of psychological distress, such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD disorder. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological distress, coping strategies, and PTSD among three various populations, namely the general population, hospital staff and staff of health centers during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between the study variables. Using convenience sampling, a sample of 450 individuals (150 participants from each population) was selected to participate in the research.

The findings indicated that psychological distress was significantly and negatively correlated to PTSD between two populations, i.e., the general population (r = -0.708, P < 0.01), and health center staffs (r = -0.216, P < 0.01), but coping strategies were not associated with psychological distress and PTSD in these two populations. However, the results were different among hospital staffs; in that psychological distress was significantly correlated with coping strategies (r = -0.170, P < 0.05), and PTSD (r = -0.216, P < 0.01), and there was a significant correlation between coping strategies and PTSD (r = -0.270 P < 0.01) among this population.

These findings highlighted the need for educational courses and psychological interventions to inform different populations about various coping strategies in stressful situations, and to reduce symptoms of psychological distress during the pandemic

 Today, psychological warfare has become a widely used tool to change the culture, beliefs and values of a nation and society, and any neglect of it will cause irreparable damage to the bodies of nations. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of psychological warfare on the anxiety and frustration of Tehran society. The current research is descriptive and analytical and the data were analyzed using multivariate regression. The statistical population of the research was among the ordinary people of Tehran. In this way, 1000 subjects were selected from 5 regions of Tehran and the questionnaires were given to them. The research tools were Beck's anxiety questionnaire (BAI) and Gilbert's feeling of failure scale, which has two dimensions of internal and external failure, and to investigate the effect of psychological warfare, the researcher made a media warfare questionnaire that has two dimensions of rumor mongering and reality distortion. is usedThe results of the research showed that the rumination dimension is a good predictor for the variables of anxiety, internal and external failure and has a significant positive relationship with them, while the dimension of reality distortion has no significant relationship with the variables of anxiety and failure. It has no internal or external and is not a good predictor in relation to these issues.

Based on the obtained results, war mentality can have an effect on anxiety and every dimension of failure of ordinary people, and the existence of this is a sign of more attention of policy makers in this field.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive flexibility and self-esteem among women who had experienced the trauma of infidelity. The research method was experimental, and the design was quasi-experimental, utilizing pre- and post-test with a control group. In 2017, the statistical population included women in Tehran, Iran who had experienced the trauma of infidelity and sought help from counseling centers and family courts. On the basis of the study’s criteria, thirty couples were selected using a method of purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy, while the control group received no training. The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI; Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965) were administered to all participants. SPSS 22 software was used to conduct a multivariate analysis of covariance on the data. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) results indicated that group-based acceptance and commitment therapy significantly increased the average post-test scores of self-esteem and cognitive flexibility in the experimental group (p<0.05). Based on the findings, family counselors and therapists can use acceptance and commitment therapy to enhance self-esteem and cognitive flexibility in women who have experienced the trauma of infidelity.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created many problems. This paper aims to predict moral reasoning through spiritual health and personality via the mediating role of empathy in physicians and nurses.

The current research is a cross-sectional analysis conducted on 320 physicians and nurses working in hospitals’ COVID-19 wards. We used the available sampling method, and the research tools included the brief form of personality inventory for The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (Krueger et al. 2012), the spiritual well-being scale (Dehshiri 2009), the defining issue test-2 (Rest et al. 1986), and the interpersonal reactivity index (Davis 1983). 

The results of the current investigation indicated that spiritual well-being has a positive and significant effect on empathy (P<0.0001, β=0.236). Empathy has a positive and significant correlation with moral reasoning (P=0.032, β=0.117). And finally, the moral reasoning variable in the current model was calculated at 0.019.

The current study shows that empathy can predict moral reasoning. Meanwhile, understanding the feelings of others can be more useful in judgment and decision-making. In addition, spiritual health can play an important role in empathy.

Family's socio-economic status may significantly influence parenting style. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles of 7 to 12-year-old children, parenting styles, and the socio-economic status of parents.

This was a cross-sectional and correlational study. The study population included 7 to 12 children who studied in elementary schools of Tehran in 2021. A sample of 95 individuals were selected by random sampling method and evaluated by questionares regarding Socio-Economic status (SE) (Ghodratnama, 2013), Parenting Style (PS) (Baumrind, 1973), Kinship Center Attachment (KCA) (Halpern and Kappenberg, 2006). The information obtained from the samples was analysed by Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS 22 software. The level of significance was considered 5%.

There was a a significant correlation between the attachment styles of the children and parenting styles and the socio-economic status of parents (r= -.284, p<0.01). In parenting styles there was a significant relationship between authoritive parenting style and positive adjustment (r= -.258, p<0.05), emotional reactivity (r= .218, p<0.05), negative behaviour (r= .394, p<0.01) and distancing from caregiver support (r= .407, p<0.01). There was also a significant relationship between authoritarian and positive adjustment (r= .315, p<0.01), negative behaviour (r= -.311, p<0.01), distancing from caregiver support (r= -.379, p<0.01). A significant relationship was observed between permissive and negative behavior (r= .232, p<0.05).

Both authoritative and permissive parenting styles seem to be dysfunctional. They cause different behavioural and emotional issues in children due to their attachment styles.

Pregnancy is one of the most fundamental and challenging periods in a woman’s life. It is associated with significant physical and psychological changes in pregnant women. These changes, combined with COVID-19 disease, can make life much more challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the lived experience of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease.

This research is a phenomenological qualitative study. We used the content analysis method to identify the mental experiences of pregnant women with COVID-19. In the present study, in-depth interviews were conducted with pregnant women affected with COVID-19. The semantic units were identified after careful analysis and coded under the headings of concepts, subcategories, main categories, and core categories.

In the current study, the generalized fear of harm to the fetus was the most important issue these women had experienced. Another stressor was the fear of childbirth in a contaminated hospital setting. COVID-19 quarantine, reduced ability to care for themselves and family members and loneliness caused them to lose motivation. Restlessness, guilt, rejection, suffering, and efforts to get rid of discomfort were also the main characteristics of this period.

Getting coronavirus is an unexpected event for pregnant women that puts a lot of stress and pressure on them and can make them psychologically suffer.

Information literacy skills are the most important tools that, in addition to equipping students to continue their education at the graduate level, turn them into lifelong learners with the power of reasoning and critical thinking. Acquiring information literacy is a fundamental skill for effective learning in higher education. The main goal of the current research was to measure the level of information literacy and the skills of using web-based information resources among the students of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2020-2021. The current research was conducted by a descriptive cross-sectional survey method. The research population included students studying in the academic year 2020-2021 at the Paramedical Faculty of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. Of 707 people, 249 were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling. A standard information literacy questionnaire taken from Bakhtiari’s thesis with a reliability coefficient of 0.82 was used to collect data. In the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics, such as the univariate t-test and Spearman’s correlation test, with SPSS software were used. The findings showed no significant difference between the students’ information literacy in terms of gender, marital status, and father’s level of education, and the skills of using web based information resources, while the mother’s level of education and also the age of the respondents were directly and significantly associated with their level of information literacy and skills of using information resources. The mean level of information literacy of students with a score of 7.504 indicated the unfavorable situation and the low level of information literacy and the skills of using web-based resources among the mentioned students. Considering the low level of information literacy of the studied population and the importance of information skills in scientific progress and increasing the efficiency of individuals in their jobs, it seems necessary to hold workshops on research methods and databases to increase students’ information literacy.

In addition to the physical problems, Covid - 19 has led to several psychological crises for people worldwide. Among these crises are mental health difficulties such as depression, anxiety, obsessive - compulsive disorder, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychological difficulties could have a significant impact on the spiritual well - being of individuals. The present study investigated the relationship between spiritual well - being and two other variables namely depression and anxiety, in the general population, hospital staff, and health center staff, during the coronavirus pandemic .

Methods :

This is a descriptive cross - sectional study. The statistical population of the study included three groups from the general population, and health center and hospital employees, out of whom a sample of 450 participants was selected using the available samp ling method. Correlation method was used to check the relationship between the variables. In this study, all ethical considerations were observed and no conflict of interests was reported by the authors .

Pearson’s correlation test results in the general population revealed a significant positive relationship between depression and anxiety (r=0.497, P<0.01). Also, there was a significant negative relationship between spiritual well - being and depression (r= - 0.456, P<0.01), but no significant relatio nship was found in relation to anxiety (r= - 0.097, P<0.238). Similar results were obtained in health center staff; there was a significant positive relationship between depression and anxiety (r=0.392, P<0.01), a negative and significant relationship betwee n spiritual well - being and depression (r= - 0.519, P<0.01), and no significant relationship between spiritual well - being and anxiety (r= - 0.488, P <0.558). In hospital staff participants, depression was significantly and positively correlated with anxiety (r=0 .592, P<0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between spiritual well - being and depression (r= - 0.225, P<0.002), as well as anxiety (r= - 0.194, P<018) .

The findings highlighted the urgent need for psychological intervent ions as well as educational courses to be conducted for various populations to help increase their spiritual well - being, and reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety that they experience during this stressful conditions caused by the corona pandemic .

Psychological problems including sleeping problems, anxiety, and job burnout are more prevalent among the treatment staff of the patients who suffer from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rather than other treatment staff. Therefore, the current study aimed to predict the quality of sleep based on job burnout and the anxiety of being infected by the disease among this staff.

The current study was a cross-sectional research in which 215 participants from the treatment staff filled out the relevant questionnaires online. The sampling was performed by available method and the instruments included Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and Maslach Burnout Invento-ry (MBI). Finally, the data were analyzed in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software.

A correlation among all variables was observed. Moreover, the total model was significant (adjusted r² = 0.37, P = 0.01) and COVID-19 anxiety (standardized beta = 0.33, P = 0.01) and emotional exhaustion (standardized beta = 0.40, P = 0.01) predicted the sleep quality more than variables of depersonalization (standardized beta = -0.22, P = 0.01) and feeling of success (standardized beta = -0.12, P = 0.06).

COVID-19 anxiety and job burnout are good predictors for sleep problems in the treatment staff of the patients who suffer from COVID-19.

 Because peptic ulcer patients have maladaptive coping responses, this research investigated the emotion regulation training efficacy on coping responses in attenuating the stress of life events in these patients.

 The effectiveness of emotion regulation training on coping responses in attenuating the stress of life events in patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) was investigated.

 This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group, in which participants were followed for three months. Forty-six participants were selected by the purposeful sampling method from March 2021 to June 2021. Assignment in experimental and control groups was done by simple random method. The Persian form of the Coping Style Scale (CSS) was filled out as the pretest. The emotion regulation training protocol was delivered in eight sessions during eight weeks. Afterward, both groups were followed for three months. The ANCOVA test was run in SPSS 22 to analyze the data.

 Findings suggested that emotion regulation training significantly decreased avoidance coping strategy (P < 0.01), active behavioral coping strategy (P < 0.01), and enhanced active cognitive coping strategy (P < 0.01). These changes persisted in the experimental group after three months of the post-test (P < 0.01).

 Emotion regulation training can affect coping responses in patients with PUD and improve their adaptive coping strategies and emotional functioning. Therefore, this short-term protocol can be added to the treatment protocol of these patients.

In narrative texts, different kinds of evidence are used for more acceptability. This topic is defined as "evidentiality" in Linguistics. F. R. Palmer is one of the semanticists who divides this category into two types: sensory and reported, and also states several types for each one of them. In this research, all types of evidential markers have been studied based on these features: visual evidence (direct and indirect), auditory evidence, sense of smell, the sixth sense, similarity, types of report, experience and cognition, rational signification, prediction (Astronomy and dream interpretation), Yezidis Xvarenah, swear, and witnessing. It is concluded that the markers of guess, even though including uncertainty and skepticism, occur in the entirely factual status of preposition. In the discourse of characters (princes, heroes, mowbeds, astronomers, etc.), because of the high rationality of sender, the guesses come true, and the contrary conditions never do happen. Among the evidential features, inference from signs, regarding its participation in all the other types of evidentiality, is considerable. The following perceptual and cognitive verbs such as "didan", "šenidan", "buyidan", "dānestan", "āgāh šodan", and the metaphor like "be del āmadan", and the other words including "gomānam", "guyi", and "bar ānam" are instances of evidential markers used in Shahnameh.

The prevalence of coronavirus and its health-related psychological consequences such as fear and anxiety has been one of the most important health concerns in the 21st century.

This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of fear of COVID-19 and lockdown fatigue in coronavirus anxiety among patients with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD).

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted through path analysis. The statistical population included the patients with CHD referred to Shahid Rajaei Hospital and Tehran Heart Center, 105 of whom were selected using convenience sampling. The data were collected using the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV19S), and Lockdown Fatigue Scale (LFS). The reliability and validity of these scales were approved in the previous studies. After all, the data were entered into the SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and step-wise regression analysis.

The study was conducted on 105 participants (6% males and 94% females) aged 20 to above 41 years. Considering marital status, 5% of the participants were single, 94% were married, and 1% were divorced. In addition, the participants’ education levels ranged from diploma and lower degrees to postgraduate and higher degrees. According to the findings, coronavirus anxiety was positively correlated to the fear of COVID-19 (r = 0.509, P = 0.000) and lockdown fatigue (r = 0.466, P = 0.000) in patients with CHD. The results of step-wise regression analysis showed that based on the calculated coefficient of determination, 31% of the variability of coronavirus anxiety could be explained by the fear of COVID-19 and lockdown fatigue.

The study findings indicated that the fear of COVID-19 and lockdown fatigue could predict coronavirus anxiety. Therefore, interventions are recommended to be designed based on the introduction of programs concerning coronavirus anxiety, which may help reduce the anxiety and fear experienced by these patients. They can also be used as prevention programs to help prevent the onset of coronavirus anxiety in patients with CHD.

People with cardiovascular problems have poor sleep quality and quality of life. These problems exacerbate the process of their disease.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on improving quality of life and sleep quality of cardiovascular patients.

This research has been executed in context of a clinical trial plan with pre-test, post-test and two-month and six-month follow up period. Among the patients with cardiovascular disease of Kermanshah city who had referred in hospitals of this city in year 2020-2021, 40 people were purposefully selected and were randomly assigned to experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Tools of this research included: Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and The Short form health survey (SF-36). The experimental group received eight sessions of 90-minute acceptance and commitment therapy. SPSS-24 software and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.

The results of this research indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy leads to a significant improvement in sleep quality and quality of life in the experimental group (P<0.01). The effect size for quality of life and quality of sleep were 0.63 and 0.62, respectively (P<0.01).

The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy leads to improved quality of life and quality of sleep in patients with cardiovascular problems. Based on these findings, this treatment can be used to improve sleep quality and quality of life problems that play an exacerbating role in the process of disease in patients with cardiovascular problems.

Vascular system injuries (VSIs) are one of the main causes of preventable mortality and morbidity of trauma patients. This study aimed to evaluate baseline characteristics, presenting signs, managements, and outcomes of patients presenting to emergency department (ED) with traumatic VSIs.

This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with traumatic VSIs admitted to the ED of a referral tertiary trauma center, during one year. Using a pre-prepared checklist, demographics, pre-hospital care, type of VSIs, injury severity score (ISS), anatomical location of trauma, associated injuries, method of surgery, complications, and outcome were collected from patients’ profiles and reported.

One hundred and twelve patients with the mean age of 33.5 ± 14.7 (range = 8 - 80) years were studied (90.2% male). Most of the patients were categorized as mild or moderate in terms of their ISS. 90 (80.4%) patients had at least one soft sign and 99 (88.4%) patients had at least one hard sign. Isolated arterial injury was diagnosed in 90 (80.4%) patients, isolated venous injuries in 12 (10.7%) cases, and combined arteriovenous injuries in 10 (8.7%) patients. The most common associated injury was tendon rupture (63.4%) and nerve injuries were present in 60.7% of patients. 1 (0.9%) patient died, 6 (5.4%) patients went through amputation, and 3 (2.7%) patients were discharged against medical advice. The rest of the patients were discharged in perfect health. There was a significant correlation between trauma type (p = 0.001), upper and lower extremity trauma (p < 0.001), presence of distal ischemia and lack of pulse (p = 0.041), penetrating injury close to a major vessel (p = 0.006), type of injured vessels and arteries (p<0.001), injury to nerve (p = 0.011) and tendon (p = 0.007), presence of open fracture (p = 0.005), multiple trauma (p < 0.001), method of surgery (p < 0.001), and number of postoperative complications (p< 0.001) with poor outcome.

The findings showed that the majority of the studied patients were young males, most of whom were discharged in perfect situation. Those who presented with higher ISS, or were affected by blunt trauma or injury to lower limb arteries had worse outcome than the others.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward change and job burnout in the Covid-19 pandemic with the mediating role of virtual education acceptance. The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular modeling of structural equations. From the statistical population of teachers in Khuzestan and Ilam provinces in the academic year 2021-2022, 353 people were selected by cluster random sampling. The research instruments were the Dunham et al, standard questionnaire of attitude towards change, 1989; Hosseini et al.e admission e-learning questionnaire, 2014; Maslach & Jackson job burnout questionnaire, 1997. The results showed a significant direct relationship between teachers attitudes toward change and virtual education acceptance(p<0.01), a direct relationship between virtual education acceptance and burnout was significant(p<0.01), but the direct relationship between attitudes toward change and burnout was not statistically significant (P >0.05). There was a significant indirect relationship between attitudes toward change and burnout through e-learning(p<0.01). Therefore, it can be said that a positive attitude towards change, by affecting the acceptance rate of e-learning in teachers, indirectly predicts burnout in the period of the covid-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy with acceptance and commitment therapy with exposure techniques on cognitive avoidance in female patients with generalized anxiety disorder.

10 women with generalized anxiety disorder were selected through purposeful sampling with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID-5). To determine the absence of Personality disorder Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) (Millon and Groosman, 2005) was used. Schema therapy was conducted for 20 weekly sessions and ACT with exposure techniques for 12 weeks and follow-up 6 weeks. The Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) (Sexton and Douglas, 2004) was used as pre-test and post-test, and to track the results. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to test the research hypotheses.

The results showed that schema therapy is more effective than ACT in the subscales of thought suppression (F=12.80, p=0.037) and avoidance of threatening (F=25.61, p=0.015), but they have no significant statistical difference in other subscales and total score. Both treatments significantly reduced the total score of cognitive avoidance, but they did not have a statistically significant difference.

It is concluded that Schema therapy and ACT with exposure techniques are effective in reducing the severity of symptoms and improving cognitive avoidance in females with Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

The unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and cessation of full face-to-face affiliation along with homebound restrictions have caused a variety of psychological distress among adolescents. Adolescents vary in the way they perceive such stressors and some respond with eating disturbances, which could reflect their dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies. The present research aimed at elucidating potential mediating pathways from perceived stress and psychological distress to emotional eating. 

This cross-sectional study was composed of 292 adolescents who were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale, COVID-19-Related Psychological Stress Scale, Emotional Eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between variables. ANOVA was conducted to detect differences between males and females for emotional eating. Then, a mediation analysis was conducted to assess whether emotional dysregulation was a mediator between psychological distress and emotional eating. 

Results of path analyses indicated that a model with perceived stress and psychological distress predicting emotion eating through the mediation of emotion dysregulation was the best fit for the data (CFI=0.970, GFI=0.949, df=26, χ2=53.69, χ2/df=2.06, P>0.05, and RMSEA=0.069). Mediation analyses showed the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the link between perceived stress and emotional eating (Sobel’s z=2.83, P<0.05) while, it could not function as a mediator between psychological distress and emotional eating (Sobel’s z=0.90, P>0.05).

This study contributes to our understanding of the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between perceived stress and psychological distress and emotional eating in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implication of this study is for therapeutic intervention to target emotional dysregulation of adolescents confronted with COVID-19 stressors.