maryam valiei

Protein is a major component of all biological evidence, often a matrix containing other biomolecules such as polynucleotides, lipids, carbohydrates, and small molecules. The proteins present in a sample reflect the transcriptional and translational program of the cell types of origin. For this reason, proteins can be used to identify body fluids and tissues, as well as to transmit genetic information in the form of single amino acid polymorphisms and the result of non-synonymous SNPs. This study examines the application and potential of proteomics in forensic medicine and examines the historical role that protein analysis has played in the development of forensic science. This review highlights how innovations in proteomic mass spectrometry have overcome many of the historical limitations of forensic protein science and how the application of forensic proteomics differs from proteomics in the life sciences. Two developing applications of forensic proteomics are reviewed in detail: body fluid and tissue identification and proteomics genotyping. This review then highlights emerging areas of proteomics that have the potential to impact forensic medicine in the near future, including fingerprint analysis, species identification, peptide toxicology, proteomic species estimation, and postmortem interval estimation. Finally, this review highlights some of the more recent innovations in proteomics that may guide further development of the field.

An autopsy is a post-mortem medical procedure performed on a deceased person with the primary purpose of collecting tissue to support basic research and knowledge translation. This method is increasingly used to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of cancer development, metastasis, and treatment resistance. In this review article, we discuss the reason for using research autopsy in cancer research and provide evidence-based discussion of the quality of postmortem tissues compared to other types of biological samples. It also discusses the advantages of using postmortem tissues over other types of biological samples, including the large amount of tissue available and the multi-area sampling that is available, which is not possible in living patients. An autopsy helps identify the clonal origin and ways in which metastases spread. Also, the study of the effect of treatments on the tumor and the creation of rare and tumor-derived tissue banks in the patient is an integral part of forensic strategies and research autopsy.