masoud hosseini

The existing research in this field indicates that there has been insufficient investigation into the life experiences of sixth-grade teachers and students concerning the qualitative values of mathematics lessons. Furthermore, there is a noticeable gap in the development of a scale for assessing teaching skills in the qualitative evaluation of mathematics lessons. This highlights the need for comprehensive studies that explore the lived experiences of both teachers and students in the context of qualitative values within mathematics education, along with the design of an effective scale to assess teaching skills in the qualitative evaluation of mathematics lessons.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the lived experiences of sixth grade teachers and students of the qualitative value of math lessons.

The current research was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method and based on phenomenological strategy. The participants of this research were sixth grade teachers and students who were selected by purposive sampling. The tool used in this research was a semi-structured interview. In order to analyze the data, the coding method was used.

the results showed that the interviewees suffered from disadvantages such as lack of belief in qualitative evaluation, teachers' lack of knowledge about the philosophy of qualitative evaluation, the spirit of evaluation not being governed, and the inability of students to measure by themselves., the growth of teachers in the evaluation system has been mentioned a little. Also, teachers suffer from harms such as the reduction of healthy competition, children's insensitivity to lessons, low motivation, and lack of proper infrastructure, carelessness, students not studying, lack of enthusiasm and attractiveness in teachers, and the inability to cover weaknesses in evaluation. Qualitatively pointed out.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the lived experiences of sixth grade teachers and students of the qualitative evaluation of mathematics lessons, to design a scale of teacher skills in the qualitative evaluation of mathematics lessons. The results of data analysis showed that from the teachers' point of view, 23 main categories and 60 sub-categories, and from the students' point of view, 21 main categories and 42 sub-categories were identified as necessary factors and components and obstacles and challenges for the implementation of qualitative evaluation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between teacher skills in qualitative evaluation of mathematics course with mathematical anxiety, academic procrastination and students' thinking style. The present study was a descriptive correlational study.The statistical population consisted of students and teachers of grade 6 in the academic year of 2018-2019 in Mashhad, Iran. A total of 120 teachers and 200 students were selected as respondents by using convenience sampling and inclusion/exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using descriptive indexes (e.g., mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression to relate the variables) in SPSS V.22. It was found that teachers’ mathematical performance assessment skills had negative relationships with mathematical anxiety and academic procrastination. Furthermore, a positive relationship was found between teacher mathematical performance assessment skills and student thinking style. The regression results demonstrated that teachers’ mathematical performance assessment skills were a significant predictor of mathematical anxiety and academic procrastination. It was suggested that teachers’ skills of assessing mathematical performance be enhanced to improve their academic performance and efficiency.

Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) is a medicinal plant used in a wide range of diseases. However, the effect of this plant on the growth of probiotic bacteria has not been investigated yet. In this research, the possibility of producing food based on milk and probiotic yogurt with aqueous extract of feverfew plant was evaluated.

In order to determine the effect of different doses of aqueous extract of feverfew plant on the growth of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus in the first stage (milk) and in the second stage (yogurt), 0.33 grams of lyophilized bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus were added separately to one liter of sterilized low-fat milk. Acidity, pH and microbial growth during greenhouse storage and shelf life were investigated and sensory evaluation was performed at the seventh day after the production of the products. Also, at the end of the study, cholesterol and triglyceride levels of rats were measured.

In the samples containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum bacteria was observed that increasing the concentration of aqueous extract of feverfew plant gave a favorable taste to the yogurt, and in all the samples, the yogurt had a very good consistency, and the yogurt with 0.1% feverfew plant had the best taste. In the evaluation of microbial culture, Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic bacteria did not grow well on MRS Agar medium compared to Lactobacillus acidophilus. By examining the results, it was found that increasing the concentration of aqueous extract of Feverfew plant had a positive effect on the growth of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum in probiotic milk and yogurt. Further, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic milk products with different concentrations of aqueous extract of feverfew plant on the cholesterol and triglyceride levels of rats, investigations and experimental tests were carried out that the probiotic milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and also the probiotic milk containing Bifidobacterium bifidum containing 0.1% aqueous extract of feverfew plant had the greatest effect in reducing cholesterol. Lactobacillus acidophilus milk containing 0.1% aqueous extract of feverfew and Bifidobacterium bifidum milk containing 0.3% extract of feverfew plant had the greatest effect in reducing triglycerides in rats.

Aqueous extract of feverfew plant has a positive effect on the growth of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum in probiotic milk and yogurt. Also, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic milk containing aqueous extract of feverfew has a positive effect on reducing cholesterol and triglyceride in rats.

In recent years, virtual education has emerged as one of the important applications of new information and communication technologies in the world. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the virtual training course of nutrition programs in the Health System Evolution Plan on the knowledge and practice of primary health workers in Mashhad, Iran based on the Kirkpatrick Model.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 94 primary health workers in Health Center No. 1 in Mashhad. The sample size was calculated at 45 subjects and the samples were selected using a random number table. According to the staff training criteria, the training course with special conditions was held virtually based on the approved lesson plan. During the course, based on the Kirkptrick Model, a researcher-made questionnaire included four levels (reaction, learning, behavior, and results) was completed and scored based on a Likert scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21).

The mean score of the content quality of the course was 4.61±0.45; it means that the participants were very satisfied with the quality of the course content. The mean score of the presentation of the course was 4.5±0.6 indicatings the presentation of the course was very good. The mean score obtained from the course exam was 85.9±10.3. Besides, the mean score of skills acquired by the subjects was 4.75±0.34 which is considered a very good level. The mean score of the job performance of subjects was 4.55±0.54 which is also a very good level.

The in-service training course of nutrition programs in the Health System Evolution Plan was effective on the knowledge and performance of primary health workers in Mashhad.

It is unclear how health literacy is associated with health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of treatment regimen adherence between health literacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to recruit 300 diabetic patients aged 60 years and over with diabetes. The abbreviated version of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and the Swedish Health-related Quality of Life (SWED-QUAL) instrument were used to measure health literacy and HRQoL, respectively. In addition, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), the diet and exercise adherence questionnaire, were used to assess treatment regimen adherence. The four steps of Baron and Kenny’s procedure were implemented to test the mediation hypotheses.

The mean age of the respondents was 64.92 years. In addition, the mean of the respondents’ health literacy score was 52.82. The prevalence rates of the inadequate, marginal, and adequate health literacy of the respondents were 70%, 14.7%, and 15.3%, respectively. Two items of treatment regimen adherence (medication adherence and diet and exercise adherence) had a partial mediating role between health literacy and quality of life in elderly diabetes patients. The result of Baron and Kenny’s procedure and Sobel’s test showed a significant mediation role in medication adherence (p = 0.00, Sobel’s Z = 2.77) and diet and exercise adherence (p = 0.00, Sobel’s Z = 6.26) between health literacy and HRQoL.

Medication adherence, diet adherence, and exercise adherence are mediating factors in relationship between health literacy and HRQoL that increase the health literacy and quality of life in older adults with T2DM.

Gouda Cheese is regarded as a high quality and one of the most popular cheeses in the world. The defining characteristics of Gouda cheese are its yellow color, great aroma and taste of caramel sweetness. The cheese should be well chilled before waxing, to get better seal. The seal is very important to prevent contamination with molds and putrefactive bacteria. Cheese wax is made from paraffin with additional microcrystalline to make pliable for better seal. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial effects of Gouda cheese wax.

Gouda cheese wax samples were collected from four different manufacturers in Iran. The total count of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and mold and yeast on the samples was determined. The antimicrobial activities of Gouda cheese wax against E. coli, S. aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus brazilissis and Salmonella enterica were investigated by determining minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration.

The results indicated that all Gouda cheese wax samples were prepared in accordance with the national standards. In addition, the examined wax samples had no antimicrobial properties against the tested microorganisms.

The wax used in production of Gouda cheese in Iran has no antimicrobial properties.

 Aiming to explore learners’ viewpoint regarding training program of health care providers based on CIPP model, this research was conducted on health care providers in the city of Sabzevar in 2017. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 139 health care providers working in the health centers of Sabzevar. The data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and evaluation questions of training program of health care providers in four domains: context, input, process, and output.  The three modes of undesirable, slightly desirable and desirable were measured in each domain.  Through investigating learners’ viewpoint, the results of the research indicated that the situation of context and output of training program of health care providers were highly desirable, while the situation of input and process of the program were somewhat desirable. Overall, the results showed that the highest score among the four factors of the CIPP model belonged to the context factor with the mean score of 39.46 + 8.53 and the product factor with the mean score of 28.61 + 7.36 reflected the lowest score. The final results of the exploring learners’ viewpoint of training program of health care providers indicate a range of slightly desirable to desirable situation for the program. To achieve a highly desirable level, it is incumbent upon the officials to reinforce the important factors such as teaching and assessment methods to their instructors. In addition, creating a definite plan for costs and developing the accessibility of welfare facilities seem to be crucial. Finally, it is worth planning more accurately in order to increase learners’ contribution while undertaking ongoing evaluation to receive feedback for revising the teaching program.

Radiology technology is one major of medical sciences. The graduates are a member of health care system that are responsible for medical cares. The graduates’ viewpoints about the compatibility of the education and professional expectations can be helpful for detecting the defects and making changes in the curriculum. This descriptive-cross sectional study has been done with 104 radiology technology employee in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences on 2018. The data were collected by a questionnaire, designed by the researcher, and its validity and reliability was confirmed. The questionnaire was filled by the participants and analyzed by SPSS software. The results of this study showed that 36.6% of the participants believe that the practical courses are enough. The major and the expecting occupation were matched 80.6%, 61.4% of the experts were satisfied with the curriculum, and 70.3% of them strongly believed in making changes in the current curriculum. Although the current curriculum is matched with the professional                      duties, it is not appropriate for achieving the educational goals. Also an increase in the practical courses is necessary. Therefore, revising and making changes in the curriculum, is recommended.

Phage therapy has gained interest as a potential alternative for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. This study aimed to isolate a lytic bacteriophage with the potential to lyse clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Water samples were collected from a hospital waste-water treatment plant in Tehran. The samples were filtered and mixed with an overnight grown culture of K. pneumoniae. (ATCC 10031) followed by incubation at 37°C overnight. Phage titration, latent period, and burst size measurements were carried out by the double-layer agar method using the K. pneumoniae ATCC strain. The isolated phage w:as char:acterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal, pH, and chloroform stability. Susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL producing K. pneumoniae and 51 MDR K. pneumoniae isolates was measured by placing 20 µl of the phage suspension (108 PFU) onto bacterial lawns followed by incubation at 37°C overnight. Formation of clear zones indicated susceptibility.

The isolated lytic bacteriophage formed small clear plaques with a latent period of 40 min and a burst time of 52 min, corresponding to 35-40 phage particles per infected cell. TEM results showed that the phage resembled the tailed Siphoviridae family and was designated vB_KpnS-Teh.1. The phage vB_KpnS-Teh.1 was most stable at 37°C, pH 7 and was resistant to chloroform.

The isolated lytic phage showed specificity towards K. pneumoniae. Further research will determine its potential in the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections.

Summary Geophysical methods can effectively be used for delineation and maintenance of man-made subsurface installations. These installations are suitable targets for detection by ground penetrating radar (GPR) method. In this non-invasive method, high frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves in the frequency range 10 to 1000 MHz are used for detection, demonstration and investigation of shallow subsurface structures. The most important advantage of this method over other geophysical methods its high resolution, high speed of survey and nondestructiveness. In urban areas where the ground surface is covered by asphalt and also noise level is high, it not possible to use other geophysical methods while obtain high resolution data without destruction of the asphalt. However, the GPR method with shielded antenna acts well in urban areas. This method can present a three-dimensional (3-D) picture from the subsurface in which an accurate estimation of the subsurface structures can be made. In this method, EM waves, generated by the GPR transmitter, are sent into the ground and the reflections from the subsurface structures are received by the GPR receiver. The GPR waves are intensively attenuated in high conductive subsurface media and hence, the depth of penetration of GPR waves in this method is limited. In this research work, the depth of penetration of the GPR waves in the study area decreases to less than 2 meters. In this research, an urban survey area where various metallic and non-metallic pipes have been buried is selected, and then, GPR survey is performed on a grid in the area. As a result of processing and interpretation of the acquired GPR data, the subsurface targets at different depths are detected with relatively good accuracy and resolution.
Introduction Nowadays, transmission of fuels, water and other energy resources by buried pipes, tanks and cables in urban areas is a substantial necessity for human beings. This leads to creation of huge and costly underground networks. Following creation of such networks, a very important matter is the maintenance of these man-made installations to prevent them from possible destructions. These destructions to the installations are not normally observable at the ground surface as the installations are located in the subsurface areas. These destructions that can occur due to different reasons can cause considerable financial losses and also irreparable environmental contaminations. In this regard, geophysical methods can be used for delineation and maintenance of these installations. Often there is a sufficient physical contrast between these installations and their surrounding media. Thus, these installations are suitable targets for detection by GPR method. In this method, high frequency EM waves in the frequency range 10 to 1000 MHz are used for detection, demonstration and investigation of shallow subsurface structures.
Methodology and Approaches In this research work, GPR method has been used in an urban survey area where various metallic and non-metallic pipes have been buried. The GPR survey has been performed on a grid in the area, and then, the GPR data have been acquired using 250 MHz Noggin Plus GPR system with shielded antenna. Following processing and interpretation of the GPR acquired data, two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D maps and depth cross-sections are obtained. As a result of this GPR survey, the subsurface targets at different depths in the 3-D maps have been detected with relatively good accuracy and resolution. These 3-D maps can considerably help the interpreter to interpret the GPR data reliably and accurately. Moreover, significant and relatively comprehensive information from these 3-D maps is obtained. 3-D presentation of the GPR data is very useful in the 3-D visualization of the subsurface, and thus, can indicate the targets more precisely.
Results and Conclusions In this research work, the depth of penetration of the GPR waves in the study area was less than 2 meters. 2-D and 3-D GPR maps and depth cross-sections were obtained as a result of processing and interpretation of the GPR acquired data. Moreover, the subsurface targets at different depths in the 3-D maps were well detected with relatively good accuracy and resolution. 3-D presentation of the GPR data is very useful in the 3-D visualization of the subsurface, and thus, can indicate the targets more precisely. The results of this research indicate that non-invasive, fast and cheap GPR method has considerable advantages over other geophysical methods in civil engineering applications.

The Garmab copper deposit is located northeast of Qaen (South Khorasan province) in the1:100,000 scale map of Abiz in the eastern tectonic zone of Iran. It is hosted by Late Paleocene-Eocene lava flows consisting mainly of andesite, trachy andesite, andesite-basalt and basalt lavas, as well as pyroclastic rocks, including tuffs and ignimbrites. The Lut Block has undergone intense magmatic activitywith a variety of geochemical characteristics due to changing tectonic conditions (e.g., compression during subduction followed by tensional conditions; Karimpour et al., 2012; Zarrinkoub et al., 2012). The Lut Block has a great potential for the discovery of new mineral deposits, like the Mahrabad and Khonik porphyry copper-gold deposits (Malekzadeh shafarodi, 2009), the Dehsalam porphyry copper deposit (Arjmandzadeh, 2011), high sulfidation epithermal gold deposits such as Chah Shalghami (Karimpour, 2005) and IOCG deposits such as Kuh-E-Zar and Qaleh Zari (Mazlomi et al., 2008).
After field studies of the Garmab area, 32 thin sections and 21 polished sections were prepared for petrological and mineralogical studies.In addition, 10 least-altered and fractured samples of volcanic rocks were selected for geochemical studies. Major oxides were determined using XRF analyses at the Zarazma laboratory. Induced polarization and resistivity geophysical data were collected and correlated with geological and alteration maps. The geophysical datawere collectedfrom 420 individual points, using a dipole-dipole arrangement along five profiles separated 60m apart.This covered the study area entirely. After a change in the mineralization trend was observed,additional profileswere designed, twoon bearings of 25º and three on 75º.
The Garmab volcanic rocks exhibit typical geochemical characteristics of subduction zone magmas including strong enrichment in LILE and depletion in HFSE. Based on the discrimination plot of Irvine and Baragar (1971), all samples belong to the calc-alkaline series, and based on the TAS diagram of Cox et al., 1979, the volcanic ore host rocks of Garmab range from andesite to basaltic andesite to trachyandesite.
Hydrothermal alteration, associated with deposition of copper sulfide mineralization, occursmostly along the fault zones. .Mineralization also occurs disseminated and as veinlets, restricted to uppermost parts of the volcanic sequences. The deposit has the form of a layer of supergene enrichment characterized principally by chalcocite as the main ore mineral accompanied by digenite, covellite, bornite and chalcopyrite.
The locationof the anomalies has been determined from their medium chargeability and low to medium resistivity values. This can be attributed to the presence of sulfide minerals in the mineralized zones. The average sulfide mineral grain size was determined using the results of time constant parameter. Since the results of raw data do not indicate accurate information about the depth and geometry of mineralization, smooth inverse modeling was applied to determine probable zones and vertical and horizontal extension of mineralization.Geophysical studies show that zones of mineralization are small and scattered.

Iran National Polio Laboratory (NPL) is a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) Polio Laboratories Network. NPL receives stool specimens from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases from all the provinces throughout Iran for poliovirus detection and identification. Furthermore, the NPL also detects non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) in these specimens. Recently, NPEVs have come to be believed to be one of the most important causes of AFP following wild poliovirus. This paper reports the prevalence of different types of NPEVs isolated from the specimens of AFP cases between 1995 and 2000. Stool collection, virus detection and serotype identification were performed according to the WHO standard procedures. A total of 2180 stool specimens from AFP cases were received at the National Polio Laboratory. Coxsackie B viruse and echoviruses 6, 11, 7 and 13 had the highest frequency, identified in 23.7%, 14.4%, 12.7%, 11% and 10.2% of the NPEVs isolated from AFP cases, respectively. Four cases of echovirus 20 were identified, in 2 cases the patiets having died and in one the patient having been afflicted with residual paralysis. There have been no reports of death or residual paralysis (paralysis continuing after 60 days) due to echoviruse 20. Considering the upward trend of AFP cases in Iran, even after wild poliovirus eradication, studies are needed to determine the frequency and type identification of NPEVs and the relationship between NPEVs and residual paralysis in the post-eradication era (2000 onwards).

Newcastle disease is one of the main concerns of poultry farmers. Detection of virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a great impact on control measures against the disease. In this study RT-PCR was optimized in high sensitivity in order to differentiate the virulent from non-virulent NDV isolates directly in tissue homogenates. The vaccinal NDV strain and known field isolates were tested by this technique. RT-PCR was performed using two sets of primers chosen from a section of the F gene. The PCR product was cloned in to a pTZ57R/T vector and sequenced. The sequence data confirmed the specificity of the test. Detection of viral virulence was determined based on the amplification of PCR products. The above optimized RT-PCR produce can be used to confirm the diagnosis of Newcastle disease within 24 hrs using RNA isolated directly from tissue homogenate or passaged in SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) embryonated eggs.