masoumeh sabzaligol

The use of different models play a significant role in health education and its promotion. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effect of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on early dental decay in elementary students. This study was a single-blinded, cluster randomized controlled trial, in which 470 elementary students in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades in Saveh, Iran were participated. A demographic questionnaire and a 5-item questionnaire consisting of questions on awareness, attitude, practice, tooth brushing, diet and referring to dentist, were used to data collection. The samples of the intervention (n=234) and control (n=236) groups filled out the questionnaires before intervention (pre-test), immediately after intervention and one month after intervention. The educational intervention based on the TPB was held in three 45-minute sessions. Finally, the data were analyzed, using the SPSS version 13. For analyzing, the Independent t-test, Chi-square, and repeated measures ANOVA were used. This study showed that there is a significant difference in the mean scores obtained from knowledge, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention and behavior among students in the experimental group (immediately after and one month after the intervention) and students in the control group. The results of this study showed that using of TPB, as a framework for providing behavior-led training, can be effective in promoting oral and dental health of students. Nurses as an important member of the treatment team can use the results of this study in school health programs.

Pain control is a health problem in the world. Painful procedures on neonates can lead to harmful effects in short and long terms; so, pain control using noninvasive methods such as music can be helpful. In this paper, the effects of music on the pain of infant heel blood sampling in Saveh, Iran was analyzed.
The current research was a clinical trial from the type of single blind and three groups. In this study, 175 infants aged 3-5 days who had the inclusion criteria of the research were considered. These infants were randomly assigned into three groups. For groups 1 and 2, the sound of heartbeat and lullaby songs were played for one minute before and during blood sampling, respectively. Next, the infants’ reactions were compared with the control group. For data gathering, a questionnaire was used to assess the pain of infants. The reliability and validity of the used questionnaire has been proven in various studies. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.
The obtained results showed that the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the pain score in group 1 were 5.96 and 2.20 and in group 2 they were 4.80 and 2.53, respectively, while the mean and standard deviation of the pain level in the control group were 7.86 and 2.55, respectively. Therefore, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the means of the pain level showed that there was a significant difference between them at level 0.05. Also, the mean of the pain level in both groups 1 and 2 was less than the control group and there was a significant difference between the mean of pain level in groups 1 and 2 at level 0.05.
The results showed that both the sound of lullabies and heart beat affected positively on reducing pain during heel lance blood sampling. However, light and rhythmic music had better effects than the heartbeat sound.

Surgical incisions such as episiotomy are among common causes of pain. Herbs have a special place to promote the public health and reducing pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of aloevera gel on perineal pain and wound healing after episiotomy. This study was a randomized clinical trial. It included 84 women underwent episiotomy in 17 Shahrivar hospital in Saveh city. They were randomly assigned into two groups: Intervention group (receiving the aloevera gel) and control group (receiving Betadine sitz bath). Pain was assessed using VAS and wound healing was measured by REEDA standard tool 3 times; before intervention، 7th and 10th day after episiotomy. Data was analyzed by chi-square and independent t tests. Results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of baseline pain and the appearance of the wound (P=0. 20 & P=0. 464 respectively). After intervention in 7th & 10th day، pain in the intervention group was lower than control group and the difference was significant (P=0. 04 & P=0. 001 respectively). Wound healing in the intervention group was more promoted than control group in 7th & 10th days and also their difference was significant (P=0. 02 & P=0. 018 respectively). Based on findings، Aloevera gel not only relieved the pain but also increased the rate of wound healing in episiotomy.