mehdi borghei

Based on its unique characteristics, oil industry wastewater must be treated before discharging into the environment. The study aimed to optimize the catalytic sonopraxone process in the treatment of petroleum wastewater using a statistical method.

The synthesis of Iron Oxide-Zinc Oxide was carried out by air oxidation and layer-by-layer self-assembly method. XRD, SEM, EDAX, FT-IR, BET, DRS, VSM and TGA techniques were used to investigate the structure. In this study, applied CCD method optimization of pH parameters, reaction time, ozone gas concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration and catalyst amount in the process. In optimal conditions, BOD5 and TPH removal values, reaction kinetics and synergistic effect of mechanisms were studied. COD, TPH and BOD5 were measured by spectrophotometer (DR6000), GC-FID and incubator, respectively.

The results indicated that the Fe3O4@ZnO structure is well formed. A quadratic model was proposed to model the process based on the correlation coefficient. Based on ANOVA analysis and p and f indices, the proposed model was reported to be significant. Optimum conditions include pH 6.4, ozone concentration 1.3 mg/L.min, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2.5 mL/L, reaction time 51 min and catalyst amount equal to 0.64 g/L. In these conditions, the amount of COD reduction was 82.3 and 70% theoretically and experimentally, respectively. Also, in optimal conditions, BOD5 and TPH removal rates were 90.5% and 85.8%, respectively. The kinetics of the process follows the kinetics of the first order (R2=0.98) and the presence of different mechanisms together causes a synergistic effect and increases the efficiency of the process.

This process can improve the quality of oil effluent based on COD, BOD5, and TPH removal.

This study was conducted to evaluate the ability to grow and reduce water salinity by quinoa and wheat plants in greenhouse and hydroponic. This research was conducted in the form of a two-factor factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included 4 salinity levels of zero (control), 5, 10 and 15 dS / m and two species of wheat and quinoa. In this study, traits such as total plant dry weight, accumulation of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and total plant chlorine and the efficiency of water uptake by plants were measured. The results of this study showed that quinoa has more ability to absorb and accumulate elements than wheat and is a plant resistant to salinity stress. The results showed that the concentrations of sodium, chlorine and magnesium per plant (5.48, 10.12 and 1.12 g for wheat and 10.76, 11.65 and 2.66 g for wheat, respectively). Absorption efficiency of sodium, chlorine and magnesium from water (12.28%, 11.30% and 20.22% for wheat and 23.12%, 14.60% and 24.79% for quinoa, respectively). The results also showed that the amount of sodium, chlorine and magnesium accumulated in the plant and the efficiency of phytodesalination of sodium, chlorine and magnesium from saline water significantly increased with increasing in salinity for both wheat and quinoa. In the case of calcium and potassium bioaccumulation and phytodesalination efficiency decreased with increasing salinity. As a result, quinoa showed a significant bioaccumulation efficiency in dry weight production, compared to wheat, so it can be considered as an alternative plant for cultivation in salinity and dry climate conditions.

The Aluminium Industries are one of the greatest consumers of water in anodizing unit and also discharge large volumes of wastewater to the environment. Due to the different pH of the materials used in the industry the wastewater produced includes a wide range of pH. The purpose of control and minimization of wastes is to reduce pollution loads and wastewater during the process by using different techniques. In order to decrease, more or less, the difficulties of industrial wastewater treatment plants. Basically, waste minimizing programs are complicated and included management responsibility, definition of main targets and economic and technical assessment, accomplishment of programs and permanent assessment. In this study, the aluminium industry’s anodizing section was studied and by recognizing the production line of mentioned unit saloon, general processes were drawn. Main processes include several units such as: grease removal, etching, neutralizing, anodize unit, presealing and sealing operations, color units, and washing. These were drawn after each process. For this reason, wastewater produced by each process had special features. After gathering the necessary information, different ways were suggested to decrease consuming materials and to minimize wastes. Using two-way crane instead of one-way ones, and transferring profiles vertically. Installing electronic taps and sensors in bathtubs instead of manual ones, to prevent discharge. Changing the starting hours of work and using much more of daylight in order to decrease the consumption of electricity. According to the test results on using different coagulants, using 80 mg/lit of Alum as coagulant materials in wastewater treatment plant is suggested, which decrease the produced sludges by about 30% compared to the present amount.

The moving bed biological reactor (MBBR) has recently been used in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment. The process used in this project involves a kind of Bio-Filter with light packing. In this paper, the usage of a particular kind of mineral packing called ‘Leca’ (Light Expanded Clay Aggregate) as a biological support in the treatment of wastewater is examined. By changing the inlet flow and applying a different HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) in different wastewater COD, the system is placed under examination. Diagrams are made by regularly evaluating COD on the outlet wastewater. The artificial wastewater, with sugar beet factory wastewater, was made in the COD Concentration Range of 800 to 3200 mg/lit and with three different retention times of 12,16 and 24 hours and injected into reactor. The mean value of COD removal is in the range of 66.6% to 79.2% according to the diagrams presented in the article. Also the BOD removal is established in inlet wastewater with a COD Concentration of 3200 mg/lit in all three retention times (24, 16 and 12) as 71%, 61% and 60.2%. In order to calculate the biomass in the system, at a HRT of 12 hours, a substrate with COD concentration of 2000 mg/lit was made and the sample was collected after 36 hours. Hence, the partnership between attached growth and submerged growth are approximately 78.23 % and 21.7% for evaluating the application of supports.