mehdi kazemi

This study aimed to gain knowledge about the genetic reserves of native Iranian grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars and genotypes in tropical regions and to identify the best grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in vineyards of Khuzestan province.

 Research Method:

This study evaluated the phenotypic diversity of 60 grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in tropical, subtropical region of Khuzestan province in Iran.

The result showed that the most descriptive statistics in the most important quantitative traits are related to fresh weight of bunch, bunch length, bunch width, the number of berries per bunch, berry length, berry width, protein content, total soluble solids and titratanbe acidity. The native Iranian grape cultivars and genotypes of Khuzestan province included 'Bangi', 'Soltani' and 'Yershi' as the earliest, Iranian cultivars including 'Yaghouti Ghermez', 'Yaghouti Sabz' and 'Asgari' as mid-ripening and foreign cultivars including 'Flame Seedless' and 'Perlette' as late ripening respectively. The results of factor analysis showed that the highest coefficients of eigenvectors in 7 main components are related to the most important traits including fresh weight of bunch, fresh weight of berries, berry diameter, berry length, the number of berries per bunch, protein content, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and the content of chlorophyll which accounted for 84.28% of the total variance variation. To group cultivars and genotypes based on investigated traits from cluster analysis by Ward’s method was used. Cultivars and genotypes were grouped in 9 main clusters in 5 Euclidean distances.

Research limitations:

 No limitations were encountered.

Originality/Value: 

In this research, the significant diversity of grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in vineyards of Khuzestan province showed the superiority of native cultivars and genotypes such as 'Soltani', 'Bangi (Ghermez)' and 'Yershi' in some traits compared to other foreign cultivars.

Sanctions are one of the tools and mechanisms used by governments for protecting national interests and confining the power of other governments. After establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran, this country has always faced a broad range of sanctions from the great world powers. This research tries to evaluate and analyze the role of desired governance in dealing with sanctions and campaign of economic war against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question of this research is that "How is the role of desired governance in confronting with sanctions and economic war against the Islamic Republic of Iran analyzed and evaluated?" The answer to this question is that according to the transformational approach in favorable governance, the role of favorable governance in confronting with sanctions and economic war against the Islamic Republic of Iran can be evaluated and analyzed. The findings showed that considering the weak results of the Iran development strategy in the past years, application of a transformational approach in governance in order to confine the economic power of political institutions, improve transparency and accountability and create context for the formation of a powerful civil society are essential. This research investigates the role of desired governance in confronting with sanctions and economic war with descriptive and analytical method using of library, documentary resources and books and articles.

Protecting the borders and establishing security and defense in the border and internal areas of every country has been the concern of the rulers of their time. To some extent, all countries throughout history have faced insecurity, chaos, crisis and war at the borders to stabilize their country. In the past years, many ethnic, racial and religious groups have lived side by side in unstable political and social frameworks and have lived on the borders. Throughout history, the country's border strips have seen the most significant conflicts and confrontations between governments and nations; therefore, the issue of borders has always been one of the basic and important issues of governments, so borders have a special place in every country. One of the most difficult tasks of any government is the control and security of political borders, and if this issue is not paid attention to and there are no appropriate plans and solutions, the country's political sovereignty will be threatened. In order to turn threats into opportunities and benefit from conditions and situations in order to maintain security and secure national interests, we must have a deep and comprehensive understanding of the level of border areas and its surrounding spaces. In the meantime, one of the most important measures is planning according to the geomorphological capabilities of the border areas. One of the measures that increase security in the border strip is to identify areas prone to establishing military bases and surveillance centers. Considering that the border strip of Kurdistan province, including Marivan city, has a sensitive location, therefore, in this research, the areas prone to the construction of military bases and observation centers in this city have been identified.

In this research, according to the subject and objectives, library information, SRTM 30 meters high digital model and digital layers of information have been used as research data. The most important research tools are ArcGIS (for the purpose of preparing necessary maps) and Expert Choice (for the implementation of the AHP model). In this research, in order to identify the vulnerable areas of Marivan city against the enemy's influence, as well as areas susceptible to the construction of military bases and observation centers, the integrated model of fuzzy logic and AHP has been used. This research has been done in several stages. In the first step, the parameters used are identified. In the second step, the used parameters are fuzzification. In the third step, using the Analytical Hierarchy Model (AHP) and based on the opinions of experts, weight has been given to the information layers and then the obtained weight has been applied to the information layers. In the fourth stage, the layers of information are combined and finally, a map of areas prone to enemy infiltration and areas prone to establishing military bases and observation centers is prepared.

In this research, in order to identify vulnerable areas against enemy infiltration, 6 parameters of height, slope, field of view, distance from the river, distance from urban areas and distance from military bases have been used. Also, considering that the study area corresponds to the border strip, therefore monitoring and controlling these areas is very important. One of the ways to control and monitor the border areas is to create military bases and observation centers, which has been addressed in this research using 6 parameters. Investigations have shown that Marivan city has a lot of diversity in terms of geomorphology, and this problem has caused its different parts to have different potentials for creating military objectives. Considering the importance of creating security in the border strip, it is necessary to pay attention to the geomorphological capabilities of this city in order to create security in the region. In this research, based on the geomorphological capabilities of Marivan city, vulnerable areas were identified against the enemy's influence, as well as areas susceptible to the construction of military bases and observation centers.
 

According to the results, due to the geomorphological situation of Marivan city, parts of this city lack sufficient visibility and are far from the monitoring and control of military bases, and this problem has caused these areas, which mainly include the southwestern and southern regions. Is a city, have a high vulnerability potential. Also, the results of this research have shown that parts of Marivan city, which mostly correspond to the central areas of the city, have a high potential for building military bases and observation centers. Due to high altitude, low slope, western directions, wide field of view, proximity to main roads and being far from military bases, these areas have high potential for the desired goals. The total results of this research have shown that in locating military bases in Marivan city, geomorphological factors have not been given much attention and it is necessary to establish security in this region, military bases and observation centers. He built a new building in accordance with the geomorphological strength of the region.

field and Aimes : 

As with each other, complex computer features connect with a variety of rights and human freedoms. Complicated computer questions, while a form is expressed, possess one level, and those ingredients can relate to other aspects of the rights and freedoms of humanity. The global organization developed intellectual property, which resulted in serious problems such as the violation of human rights, the right to privacy, the right to self - respect, and Methodology A way of finding out the kind of use and the way of treating a particular investigation - was to collect data and examine it.

show that, while in the mysterious policy of the governments, one of the authors who are to be judged is human rights, and on the other the Deep fake has a connection with human rights, so one of the advances to the criminal machine, according to the degree in which they are complicit, is bound to serve as a part of public political considerations.

The Prison Entrepreneurship Program is a rehabilitation program that attempts to return former illegal entrepreneurial activities to legal entrepreneurship through training and skills enhancement and providing support both in prison and after release. This paper aimed at prioritizing the implementation barriers of Prison Entrepreneurship Program from employees’ perspective, in the Kerman City Prison and the Central Department of Kerman Province Prisons. It is applied research and it is exploratory study. First, the barriers of the program extracted from its official reports. Then, the analytical tree was designed, and by considering it, the AHP questionnaire, include of 13 paired comparisons was designed and completed by 25 experts (employees of mentioned departments) which were selected by purposive sampling. After gathering preliminary data, the final weights were obtained through Expert Choice software 11. Based on the results, at the level of the criteria, the “legal barriers” with a relative weight of 0/470 won the first rank and the “financial barriers” with a relative weight of 0/280 won the second rank. At the level of alternatives, in general, the “lack of funding support” with a final weight of 0/163 won the first rank and the “criminal records” with a final weight of 0/140 won second place.

The current research aimed to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial intention of women entrepreneurs with the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy perception and the moderating role of Cinderella syndrome. This research is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative in terms of approach, and descriptive-correlational in terms of type. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was checked and confirmed by using the opinion of experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The statistical population included all female students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman (N= 7438). The size of the statistical sample was estimated to be 368 people based on the table of Krejcie and Morgan, and the samples were selected using the simple random sampling method.  The data were analyzed in two parts, i.e., descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, and through SPSS23</sub> and Smart PLS3</sub> software. The research results confirmed the positive and significant effect of entrepreneurial passion on the perception of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the positive and significant effect of entrepreneurial passion and the perception of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. Also, the results confirmed the moderating role of Cinderella syndrome in the effect of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. However, the moderating role of Cinderella syndrome was rejected in the effect of entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. This research brings practical recommendations for policy makers and planners in the field of research.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the interactions between forage source (alfalfa hay vs. wheat straw) and particle size (fine vs. large) on growth performance, starter intake and ruminal fermentation of Holstein dairy calves. For this purpose, 48 Holstein dairy calves in a completely randomized block design (6 males and 6 females for each treatment) with 2 × 2 factorial arrangements were allocated to experimental diets including: 1) alfalfa hay with fine particle size, 2) alfalfa hay with long particle size, 3) wheat straw with fine particle size, and 4) wheat straw with long particle size. Calves entered the trial on d 4 and the trial lasted on d 70 of the age. Results showed that there was no interaction between forage source and particle size on growth performance, starter intake and feed efficiency of Holstein dairy calves during the all three periods. Skeletal growth characteristics were not affected by experimental diets. Results indicate that ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate molar proportions were similar across treatments. In general, our findings indicate that the different source and particle size of forage had similar effects on performance, skeletal growth and ruminal fermentation in the Holstein dairy calves.

Sophisticated computer forgeries are one of the virtual technologies that the software used in this technology allows to make all kinds of manipulated and unrealistic videos, images and sounds. The prevalence of such films has created the challenge of disseminating unrealistic information. In such circumstances, the question arises as to what policy the Iranian penal system has adopted towards the Deep Fics. This research is of applied type and descriptive-analytical research method. This study concludes that due to the novelty of this technology in the laws related to cybercrime, this phenomenon has not been specifically addressed. However, Iranian law covers various forms of computer forgery, but there is no proper distinction between types of Deep Fake according to their content and purpose. At the same time, related measures such as their dissemination and promotion have not been systematically criminalized.Sophisticated computer forgeries are one of the virtual technologies that the software used in this technology allows to make all kinds of manipulated and unrealistic videos, images and sounds. The prevalence of such films has created the challenge of disseminating unrealistic information. In such circumstances, the question arises as to what policy the Iranian penal system has adopted towards the Deep Fics. This research is of applied type and descriptive-analytical research method. This study concludes that due to the novelty of this technology in the laws related to cybercrime,

In the present study, the effect of solanum melungena extract on the semen characteristics of Farahani ram under short-term storage preservation was investigated.

Semen samples were collected by five rams. We assessed different four long-term liquid storage times after: 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h pre-freezing with levels of: control or without additives extract (control), 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/ml SME in Tries-based extender at 5℃ before freezing.

In this experiment our finding indicated that the interaction of SME and storage time was significant on sperm motility, membrane integrity, viability and progressive sperm motility (p<0.05). In the sperm membrane integrity, the concentration of 2% SME had the highest percentage (p<0.05) and the spermatozoa progressive motility was shown at a concentration of 2% SME higher than other groups. However, the addition of 2% SME had a better effect than other treatments (p<0.05).

In conclusion, in vitro addition eggplant peel extract to ram semen at chilled-stored conditions could be improved sperm parameters in during assessments.

TripAdvisor is one of the most popular websites in the field of tourism where tourists voluntarily share their comments with others on this website. Analyzing these comments is a new solution for business managers and marketers to increase the quality and improve services to tourists. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comments of tourists about Iranian restaurants by examining the comments of tourists registered on the TripAdvisor website. This research is applied in terms of the achievement or result, is exploratory in terms of the purpose, and is qualitative with regard to the type of data used. To collect tourists' opinions from this site, the restaurants that have received the most points from tourists from each city of Isfahan, Shiraz, Kerman, Tabriz and Rasht were considered. The method used in this research to collect and review data is content analysis. The results of content analysis of 200 collected data lead to the identification of seven categories (restaurant attractions, food attractions, perceived quality, perceived waiting time, mental perceptions, destination identification and brand reputation) of eighteen concepts (environmental attractions, emotional attractions, price attractions, creating a unique experience, ensuring health, good taste and quality, quality of human resources, quality of service, quality of customer service, customer-oriented quality, waiting time, waiting time During and before receiving food, tourists' attitudes, food image of destination, cultural symbolism, gained social prestige, restaurant reputation, food reputation and celebrities).

Iran, as one of the earthquake-prone countries in the world, due to its geographical scope and existing shortcomings, always faces serious challenges in providing medical services to the victims by medical universities. This study aimed to achieve a model of community-based readiness of Iranian universities of medical sciences to provide health services to earthquake victims.

The research method was qualitative and based on grounded theory. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by the Strauss-Corbin method.Research, sampling was performed by theoretical sampling method using a targeted technique. Based on 11 interviews with crisis management experts, including university professors, senior managers of medical universities, crisis management consultants, and experts of non-governmental organizations.

The results of the interview during the open, pivotal and selective coding process led to the creation of a paradigm model for Iranian medical universities to provide health care services on earthquake crisis.

The negative impacts of crises such as pandemics on tourism demand and tourist behavior have been studied from different dimensions. As a result of one of the most critical pandemics in recent decades and its impact on tourists and the behavior of tourists, this study examines the effects of covid-19 risk perception on behavioral intention toward “untact” tourism, based on the frameworks of the Health Belief Model and the extended Theory of Planned Behavior. Due to the Corona pandemic outbreak and Quarantine during the research data collection (June 1400), an online questionnaire was published on social networks such as Instagram and Twitter, and 831 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The model’s validity and testing of the hypotheses have been investigated by modeling structural equations. The results indicate that the cognitive perception of Covid-19 risk positively affects attitudes and subjective norms. Also, the attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control of tourists positively influence behavioral intention. However, the findings of this study do not support the effect of perceived risk on perceived behavioral contro

Research background in students with reading disorders shows that central auditory processing disorder has a major role in improving this disorder as well as improving auditory perception in children. However, less research has been done on the role of computers and computer games in the education and rehabilitation of these children.

The present research was conducted with the goal of examining the efficacy of a computer-assisted rehabilitation program for central auditory processing disorder on auditory perception and dictation of students with reading disorder.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all students in the second grade of elementary school who were referred to special centers for learning disabilities in Tehran in the academic year 2016-2017. To select the sample, using the available sampling method, among the children who met the inclusion criteria, 36 students were selected by the available method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research instruments were Fisher’s Auditory Problems Checklist (1976), Dichotic Digit test (2015), Speech in Noise test (2015), Auditory Perception (Hassanzadeh, 2015) and Dictation tests (Ministry of Education, 2018). In order to analyze the obtained data, the Repeated Measures ANOVA was used.

The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the variables of Auditory Perception and Dictation (p˃ 0.001). The results also demonstrated that not only there existed a significant difference between the two groups, but that the main effect of the time factor was significant for the variables of Auditory Perception and Dictation (p˃ 0.001) and there was a significant difference between the mean scores of Auditory Perception and Dictation variables in the pretest, posttest and follow-up.

Due to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the computer-assisted rehabilitation program for central auditory processing disorder improves auditory perception and spelling problems of students with reading disorders.

Aim and Background:

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of work-life balance on job satisfaction of faculty members of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences.Research

This research has been applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the present study includes all faculty members of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences in the number of 300 people who have been selected based on Cochran's formula with an error level of 5% 169 people by relative stratified random sampling. Data collection tools were two standard questionnaires including work-life balance from Kung and Koo model (2009) and job satisfaction (JDI model Smith and Huilin (1969) whose validity through face and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha was over 75%. The Klomogorov-Smirnov test and the regression test are used to analyze the data.

The amount of test statistics to assess work-life balance on job satisfaction of faculty members of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences is significant. A value of R2 indicates that 0.9 of the variance in job satisfaction is explained by work-life balance. .

The results showed that having enough time from work, loyalty to work, having workplace support, flexibility in work plan, life orientation, job and career maintenance and voluntary reduction of working hours to meet personal needs on job satisfaction The faculty members of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences are significant.

The increase in the number of natural disasters has made different societies constantly discover and invent solutions to control the adverse effects of disasters with more emphasis on prevention or minimize them by improving the quality of the rescue process (in the response phase). In the last few decades, the need for social participation in order to manage risks has been developing in the form of community-based activities. This study was conducted to present a community-based crisis management model focusing on the process of relief and rescue in natural disasters in Iran, 2020.

This qualitative study was performed based on the grounded theory method defined by Strauss and Corbin. The statistical population of the study included all crisis management and non-governmental organizations experts in universities, the Crisis Management Organization, general managers of provincial crisis management, and senior managers of the Red Crescent Society. The samples were selected using the purposive and theoretical method of snowball sampling while taking into account the geographical, climatic, cultural, social, and religious diversity of different regions of the country. As a result, the sample size was obtained at 22 people. The required data were collected through a semi-structured interview. In the analysis of qualitative information, open coding, axial coding, and selective coding were used manually).

The results of the study showed that the causal conditions of community-based crisis management included "legal obligation", "strategic planning", "attracting public participation", "forming and developing expert teams", and "acting (prevention, preparedness, needs analysis, planning, and response)"; and contextual conditions consisted of "geographical conditions", "social capacity building", and "creating cohesion and empathy". Moreover, intervening conditions involved "general sensitization", "preparation", and "logistics and equipment"; strategies included "risk management", "human resource management", "training (general and professional)" and "barrier removal"; and the consequences of community-based crisis management consisted of "increasing public awareness in the face of emergencies", "reducing the risk of areas "increasing community resilience", "improving the quality of post-disaster assessment", "accelerating the response process", "determining priorities appropriately", "saving the golden time of rescue", "increasing the number of survivors", "accelerating relief operations" "distributing relief items fairly", "improving the quality of rescue operations", "decreasing the amount of damage", "managing resources and facilities properly", "reducing response costs", "decreasing the adverse psychological effects of the disaster", "organized presence of grassroots groups", "eliminating the shortcomings and completing the performance of the responsible agencies", and "increasing the level of public satisfaction".

Community-based crisis management is a new and effective approach that its implementation has a positive impact on increasing resilience and thus reducing the vulnerability of communities. The proper and successful implementation of the community-based approach requires structural changes, amendment of laws, and development of relevant bylaws. It also needs measures that should be implemented at the national level, in the country's crisis management system, and at the local level.

Natural disasters disrupt people's lives, bringing about serious economic and social losses. Disaster risk management is a set of measures, including planning, decision-making, accountability, and operational activities at all levels. Moreover, it is of considerable significance to take advantage of social capacities and community participation before, during, and after disasters. The present study aimed to explain the prerequisites of community-based disaster risk management in Iran in 2020.

This data-driven qualitative study was conducted using Strauss and Corbin's systematic approach. The statistical population included all disaster management experts
 and non-governmental organizations in universities, the National Disaster Management Organization, the provincial disaster management departments, and senior managers of the Red Crescent Society. Out of this population, 22 subjects were purposefully selected via snowball sampling taking into account the geographical, climatic, cultural, social, and religious diversity of different regions of the country. The data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding.

Based on the obtained results, the prerequisites of community-based disaster risk  management include: "legal obligation", "public sensitization", "strategic planning", "public participation", "social capacity building", " building cohesion and empathy ", "action (prevention, preparedness, needs assessment, planning, and response", "formation and development of expert teams", "logistics forecasting and equipment", "preparation", and attention to geographical conditions".

As evidenced by the obtained results, the required measures for the successful implementation of community-based disaster risk management can be assigned to two categories: The first one encompasses the measures that require structural changes and law reform and are taken at the national level and National Disaster Management Organization of the country. The second type of measure must be implemented at the local and operational management levels.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most prevalent and extreme physio-pathological disorders in hospitalized patients, 20-40% of whom are hospitalized in the intensive Care Unit (ICU). Sepsis is the most commonplace reason for AKI in intensive care patients, accounting for 50% of ICU cases This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from 22 October 2016 to 22 October 2017. Two hundred and thirty-two selected patients at Al-Zahra Hospital in Esfahan were enrolled in the study. Patients were followed for 10 days to determine the short-term mortality rate. Data were analyzed using t-test and Chi-squared test using SPSS software (ver. 16). In this study, 232 patients with sepsis were evaluated. Their mean age (± standard deviation) was 69.9 (18.4) years. The mean age of patients with acute kidney Injury (72.7 years) was significantly higher than the mean age of non-patients (non-AkI) (66.6 years) (p-value= 0.012). However, the significant difference was not between the age groups, but the p-value was near the significant border. The mortality rate of patients (53.6%) was significantly higher than the non-patients (non-AKI) (29.6%) (p-value<0.0001). This study showed that the prevalence of AKI was 57.3%, which was similar to the prevalence rate in other countries. A relationship was also demonstrated between AKI and mortality rate and showed that AKI increases the mortality rate.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive and common autoimmune disease with multifactorial etiology. Several pieces of research show that genetic factors play a major role in the incidence of RA. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene as one of the candidate loci. This gene encodes a transcription factor, which is involved in the presentation of self-antigens and negative selection of self-reactive T-cells in the thymus. Studies have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the AIRE gene can change the gene expression and/or function. In the present study, we assessed the possible association between SNP rs2075876 (intronic variant) in the AIRE gene with RA risk in the Iranian population. A case-control study using 56 RA patients and 58 control subjects was undertaken to evaluate rs2075876 genotypes using real-time PCR high resolution melting method (HRM). Logistic regression analysis demonstrates that homozygous AA and heterozygous AG genotypes compared with GG genotype increase the risk of RA (AA vs GG; OR= 16.43; 95%CI [5.33-50.71] and AG vs GG; OR= 3.21; 95%CI [1.22-8.45]). Also, individuals with allele A were more frequently affected with RA than subjects with G allele (OR= 5.81; 95%CI [3.28-10.30]). Furthermore, in the patient group, we found a significant correlation between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein concentration with rs2075876 polymorphism (P< 0.05). Our findings propose a substantial correlation between rs2075876 polymorphism and RA risk.

A crisis is any event with low possibility of occurrence and high impact of consequences that disrupts the order of the main system or parts of it and threatens its stability. Therefore, a proper management of this event will play a pivotal role in the improvement of a society. In fact, making correct decisions for an optimal crisis management depends on the success of several levels, and the characteristics of crisis managers is one of them. In this sense, paying sufficient attention to this factor will be of high importance in the optimal management of crises and the better performance of managers. This research aims to explain the effect of crisis management characteristics on the performance of crisis managers using the Structural Equation Modeling (Case Study: Southeastern Provinces of Iran). The required data was collected using an analytical-descriptive method, and the statistical population encompasses all the members of the Crisis Management Headquarters in the Provinces of Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Kerman, South Khorasan and Yazd, who are roughly 100 persons. Using Morgan and Krejcie sampling table, 80 people were selected as a statistical sample by stratified random sampling method. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient test and Friedman test) were used to analyze the data. The results of this study not only confirmed the model of crisis management characteristics affecting the proper performance of crisis managers in the southeastern provinces of the country, but also showed that there is a significant difference between the crisis management characteristics of crisis managers (p <0.05). Among these characteristics, the just culture has the highest rank, and the commitment of senior management is in the second rank. A proper crisis management is reached when the effective characteristics of crisis management, including the characteristics of crisis managers, are recognized and tasks are delegated to managers in accordance with their inherent and skillful characteristics. The results of this study suggest that the characteristics of crisis managers should receive more attention. Moreover, it is necessary to create an environment in which the managers have a better sense of responsibility and commitment –a precondition for the better performance of managers.

Capabilities such as the possibility of providing health services with the appropriate cost at any time and place, within the framework of e-health have led to the development of a new concept called mobile health. This study was conducted with a quantitative-qualitative approach to identify and prioritize the barriers to the provision of mobile health services and provide solutions to reduce these barriers in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2018.

An applied research project was carried out in an analytical exploratory manner. First, data were gathered through library studies and deep interviews with experts in the field of electronic health. Then, a paired comparison questionnaire was calibrated and completed by 24 experts in mobile health and prioritized by AHP and Expert Choice software.

In this study, 27 barriers to effective health service delivery were identified. They were categorized into five groups by the PESTEL model. The results showed that the structural-managerial barriers (0.296), human barriers (0.223), economic barriers (0.184), technological barriers (0.154), and legal-legal barriers (0.143), in sequence, were more important barriers than each other.

The research showed that the lack of support from senior managers of health programs is the most important obstacle to the realization of m-health. Hence, we should attract the support of high-level managers from m-health to overcome the obstacles concerning their priority.
 

Eighty multiparous lactating dairy cows averaging days in milk 35-d were allocated in two separate experimental diet (Glucogenic vs. Lipogenic) in a changeover design. The performance, blood metabolites, liver enzymes and insulin were evaluated. The study lasted 44 days in two 22 days periods with the first 17 d as adaptation period and the last 5 days as sample collection period. The results show that neither dry matter intake nor milk yield were affected with treatments (P > 0.05). However, the cows received the lipogenic diet showed to have greater milk fat content, and cows received glucogenic diet showed to have greater milk protein content. Regarding the blood metabolites results show that blood glucose was tended to be greater in glucogenic diet (P = 0.08). Howevere triglyceride and blood urea concentrations were constant between two treatments. The concentrations for BHB (P = 0.04) as well as cholesterol (P= 0.05) were increased in lipogenic diet fed dairy cows. The insulin concentration was increased significantly in lipogenic diet fed cows (P = 0.02). The results show that regardless the improvement in glucose as well as BHB concentration in blood of dairy cows fed with glucogenic diet, howevere fat corrected milk as well as milk energy output were improved for lipogenic diet. In addition increased insulin and cholesterol in dairy cows fed higher fat content has potential to improve dairy cow’s fertility. In conclusion based on our results the lipogenic diet may be recommendable for dairy cows fed high RUP level.

Estrus synchronization is an important technique in management of reproductive function in ewes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using combination of PMSG and GnRH hormones on estrus synchronization during the breeding season in Farahani ewes. Forty mature Farahani ewes, weighting 48.97±0.55 kg, BCS 3.04±0.3, were used in this study. The experimental ewes were synchronized using CIDR for a period of 10 days and injected 2 ml PGF2α at day 0 and these ewes randomly assigned to four groups. The control group (group 1; n=10) did not receive any treatment. Ewes in group 2 were injected with 150 IU PMSG and 1 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. The group 3 ewes injected with 100 IU PMSG and 2 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. The group 4 of ewes were injected with 300 IU PMSG and 0.5 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. Estrus detected after CIDR removal, then, the ewes were mated with Farahani rams. After parturition, the reproductive parameters of ewes were recorded. The estrus rate was constant in all groups. The lamb weight in group 4 was significantly different (P>0.05) compared with other groups. Pregnancy rate was not significantly meaningful among treatments. The lowest glucose and progesteron concentration was achieved in group 4 that was significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to other groups. The data of birth weight also didn’t show significant differences (P>0.05) between the treatment groups. There was no significant difference in abortion and stillbirths between treatments (P˃0.05). The results showed that the combination of two PMSG and GnRH hormones in the estrus synchronization program could increase the lambing rate up to 0.7.

The aim of this study was investigated the effect of synchronization with different PMSG dosages and time of hormone injection and its effect on changes in steroid hormones (E2 and P4) in Farahani ewes breed. Seventy Farahani ewes used in this study. Treatment included: T1: injection of 400 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T2: injection of 500 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T3: injection of 600 IU PMSG 24h before CIDR removal, T4: injection of 400 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, T5: injection of 500 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, T6: injection of 600 IU PMSG in CIDR removal time, Control: no injection in CIDR removal time. After withdrawal CIDR, estrous percentage, pregnancy rate and parturition assessed. The results of this experiment showed that the conception rate was similar in all groups and there was no significant effect in lamb weight among all treatments. The number of lamb per ewe was significant between T2 and others groups (P˂0.05). The progesterone levels were significantly (P<0.01) increased from day 0 to day 50. Higher progesterone levels were recorded in all groups of ewes and non-significant between groups. In general, administration 500 IU of PMSG 24 hours before CIDR removal improved estrous percentage, pregnancy rate and parturition in ewes. Keywords: Estrous synchronization, PMSG, Steroid, Ewe

The objectives of this study were to compare the interferon‑induced protein 44‑like (IFI44L) promoter methylation level between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and healthy controls and to evaluate its diagnostic value in SLE.

The IFI44L promoter methylation level was measured in 49 patients with SLE and 50 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of promoter methylation IFI44L gene in genomic DNA samples extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was examined in SLE patients and healthy controls. The level of DNA methylation was compared between SLE patients and healthy controls as well as within SLE patient groups based on the presence of renal involvement. Moreover, diagnostic values of IFI44L were calculated.

The IFI44L promoter methylation level in SLE patients was significantly lower than healthy controls (median, 43.8 vs. 57, respectively; P = 0.008). The level of IFI44L promoter methylation was not significantly different between SLE patients with renal involvement and SLE patients without renal involvement (84.6% vs. 92.7%, respectively; P = 0.774). The IFI44L promoter methylation level ≤94.3% was the best cutoff point with a sensitivity of 91.8% and a specificity of 38% to distinguish patients with SLE from healthy individuals.

The level of IFI44L promoter methylation from whole peripheral blood in Iranian SLE patients was significantly lower than healthy controls. Furthermore, the DNA methylation level of IFI44L promoter was not associated with renal damage in patients with SLE

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that can cause considerable disability and mortality. The aim of controlling diabetes is to normalize blood glucose levels to reduce the progression of vascular and neurological complications. Blood glucose control and reassurance are essential for planning health care. In the present study, the effect of local isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine gluconate disinfectants on blood glucose in diabetic patients referred to the emergency department was compared. In this quasi-experimental study, 168 diabetic patients referred to the emergency department at 502 Hospital; their blood glucose levels were measured in three stages after local anesthetics with isopropyl alcohol, chlorhexidine gluconate and venous method. Then, the collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistical (percentage and frequency) and analytical (T-Test) methods to compare the mean of blood glucose using SPSS 21 The results showed that the mean (219.72, 210.91 and 199.42) and standard deviation  (57.16, 56.58 and 57.29) of glucose level were measured with the glucometer after 70% applying isopropyl alcohol disinfection and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and the venous blood test in the samples. Further, a capillary blood glucose measured is higher than that of glucose levels, and the mean of difference of chlorhexidine gluconate 70% and isopropyl alcohol was statistically significant by t-test(P=0.045).
Discussion and The results showed that there is a difference between capillary and venous test. Although the speed of operation in the emergency room is critical, clinical and therapeutic decisions require careful examination of the patient, and intravenous analysis will ultimately be useful to achieve an outcome. In emergencies, allowing the sampling position to dry the disinfection solutions can prevent false results which require the attention of nurses.