mehdi safaei

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic interval training on plasma immunoglobulins levels in 30 obese and non-obese young men. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: the obese group (n=15, mean age 23 yr, height 173 cm, weight 98 kg, body fat percent 28.6%) and non-obese group (n=15, mean age 21 yr, height 177 cm, weight 69 kg, body fat percent 12.5%). Both groups received aerobic interval training protocol for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each session 90 minutes including 10 minutes of warm-up, 5 sets of 9-min running with 60-70% MHR, 4 minutes of passive recovery and 5-10 minutes of cooling down. The subjects’ blood samples were collected before and after the protocol to evaluate the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM. To compare the intra-group differences, dependent t test was used and independent t test was applied to compare inter-group differences at significance level of (P≤0.05). The results showed that 8 weeks of aerobic interval training with 60-70% MHR equally decreased IgG, IgM and IgA in both groups without any differences. The aerobic interval training did not induce a different effect in both groups. Consequently, the duration of this study might not be so sufficient that a suitable adaptation could not be reached and therefore training duration, training intensity and the primary levels of activity of participants can affect the results of study.

A lot of attempts and investigations have been done in recent years to improve the structural seismic design. The main approach governs on these attempts has been the control of structural performance during earthquake. During the large earthquakes, most of the structures reveal nonlinear behaviour. So to estimate the seismic performance of a structure, it is necessary to develop new methods which are based on nonlinear analysis. It seems that the nonlinear dynamic analysis is the most appropriate method, though it suffers from complexity. Therefore, the modern concept of "performance based seismic engineering” was developed, in which; we mostly use simple nonlinear static analysis to determine the nonlinear response of the structures. However, this method has also some weak points. One of these weaknesses is that only the first mode controls the whole response. And the other is that this mode remains unchanged after the structure under goes to inelastic range. Both of these assumptions are approximate, especially in tall buildings. It seems that the invariant lateral loads used in this method cannot consider these effects. In this paper, the accuracy of the invariant lateral load pattern in FEMA and modal pattern used in nonlinear static method and MPA method are considered in comparison with nonlinear response history analysis. This paper focused on drift and displacement as results of structure. These considerations were applied to three Steel moment EBF frames: 3, 9 and 15 stories and their detailed analysis were reported.