فهرست مطالب mehdi shabanipoor

Application of suitable substrates is important for growing ornamental plants. Mushroom compost is considered as a waste in mushroom production. An experiment was done in a completely randomized design including the following treatments: substrates containing 50% cocopeat + 50% mushroom compost, 50% composted forest trees+ 50% mushroom compost, 50% perlite+ 50% mushroom compost, 50% leaf compost+ 50% mushroom compost and control substrate (70% agricultural soil+ 20% leaf compost+10% rice husk). The comparisons were carried out in 4 months; April, May, June and July and the the effect of different substrates were evaluated on the growing characteristics of Ficus benjamina</em> cv. Starlight.  The result showed the effect of substrate was significant on factors such as new leaf number, length and width of leaves while it wasn't significant on factors such as height, stem diameter and chlorophyll content. Also the effect of treatment time was significant on new leaf number, height, length and width of leaves, and stem diameter. The interactive effect of potting substrates and treatment time were significant on stem diameter, new leaf number, length and width of total leaves too. However, they weren't significant on plant height. Evaluation of results showed the best substrates for mixing with mushroom compost, were cocopeat, perlite and composted forest trees. Also growing indices were higher in plants that were treated in June and July compared tothe plant treated in other months. In conclusion, potting substrates such as perlite, cocopeat and composted forest trees in combination with mushroom compost are suggested to be used in the greenhouses.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a plant of the Lamiaceae family which is propagated by semi-hard wood cuttings in the summer. Current study was carried out to investigate the effect of stem diameter in various rooting media. Treatments included three rooting media: perlite, perlite+ cocopeat and sand; and three stem diameters: 1-2 mm (herbaceous cuttings), 3-4 mm (semi-hardwood cuttings) and 5-7 mm (hardwood cuttings). Rooting percent, number of roots and roots length were measured. The result showed that the effect of rooting media, stem diameter and their interaction were significant (P≤ 0.01). The highest percentage of rooting, maximum number of roots and root length were observed in the treatment with 1-2 mm stem diameter; hence rooting in herbaceous cutting were significantly more effective than the semi-hardwood cuttings and hardwood cuttings. In comparing the rooting media, the highest percent of rooting (48%) was observed on perlite-cocopeat substrate, which was not significantly different to perlite substrate. However, the maximum number and highest root length was attained in the perlite substrate. Therefore, it is recommended to the greenhouse owners, in order to propagate high quality rosemary, use herbaceous cuttings on perlite substrate

To compare the effect of the substrate on the cultivation of ornamental plants, Ficus benjamina cv. star light was chosen as a model plant. Nine treatments from 8 types of substrates with 6 replications were investigated in this study. Data analysis with SPSS software in (P≤0.05) showed the effect of different month were significant on stem diameter, height, leaf number and total length of new leaves. Also application of different substrates showed the effect of substrate wasn’t significant on stem diameter and plant height, while it was significant on number of new leaf, number of new lateral shoot and total length of new leaf. The interaction between the substrates and measuring time was significant on plant height, number of new leaf and total length of new leaf, but it wasn’t significant on increasing rate of stem diameter. According to the result of this study, substrate n containing [1/3 (3 perlite sand) 1/3 (1 leaf-mold 1 rice hull 1 cocopeat) 1/3 (2 mushroom compost 1 forest trees compost 1 rotted manure)] was the best substrate as for the most number of new leaf, number of new lateral shoots and total length of new leaf, also it was in suitable situation in height characteristic. Also in different measured month, the value of plant growth was increased with enhancement in air temperature in spring and summer seasons; insofar as the most increasing in plant height and number of new leaf were observed on July. So it is better that the plants growing should be delayed to warm seasons.

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an economically important pest of ornamental plant in Iran. The population abundance and spatial distribution were studied on five Rosa cultivars including Maroussia, Wendela, Elderado, Wenedetta, and Hot Lady during two growing seasons of 2011 and 2012 in greenhouse. The k parameter, index of dispersion, Lloyd’s mean crowding, Morisita’s index and regression methods (Taylor and Iwao) were used to estimate the spatial distribution pattern of mite. There was improved sampling program by k parameter and coefficients of regression models. The result indicated that the highest population density of T. urticae was early of July (2.47 per leaf) and early of September (4.11 per leaf). Also, a sequential sampling plan was developed using the fixed-precision method of Green for estimating the density of the mite. Populations on different Rosa cultivars, especially Maroussia, were aggregated during most of the growing season and negative binomial models fit data sets better than the Poisson series. The mean number of two-spotted spider mite per plant had significantly difference between all plant strata. The fitness percentage of cultivar Maroussia Rosa revealed a slight tendency towards the Poisson distribution, so that 58 and 14.1 percent of data sets from T. urticae on cultivar Wenedetta populations fit the Poisson distribution. These results fully support findings of distribution indices, indicating an aggregated distribution. Determining sampling program and spatial distribution pattern of the pest can effectively help to design and perform of IPM.