mehdi shadnoush

BackgroundThe present study is aimed to develop a nutritional model for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition in children and its effectiveness in patients admitted to Mofid children's hospital.
Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted as an interventional controlled clinical effectiveness trial with control group. The study population included children aged more than 1 year and under 10 years old who were admitted to the Mofid Children's Hospital in 2013-2014.
ResultsIn our study, boys and girls accounted for 50% and 50% of 300 children with malnutrition who were hospitalized for various reasons. All three groups were homogenous in terms of growth index,. After the use of the F100 solution, the growth index was improved and malnutrition severity, moderate malnutrition and mild malnutrition were improved by about 78%, 64% and 32%, respectively. In the nutrition counseling group, which had food orders and calorie intake, malnutrition severity was improved about 11%, 39% still had severe malnutrition and 60% had moderate malnutrition. There was a statistically significant relationship between the consumption of F100 solution and improvement of growth indices and serum albumin levels.
ConclusionChildren who are admitted to hospital for various reasons should be evaluated in terms of growth index so that their malnutrition is not exacerbated in the hospital. The use of the F100 solution that can easily be provided by families is an acceptable and accessible supplement for malnourished and underage children.

According to International standards (e.g., International Dairy Federation), probiotic products should be contain a minimum of 107 viable probiotic bacteria per gram of product. However, many products failed to meet these standards when they are consumed. Microencapsulation is coating a layer of hydrocolloids around viable cells in microscopic scale and surrounding them from environment for releasing of targeted cells in the appropriate place and time. The results of studies have been shown that encapsulation of probiotics lead to increasing its viabilities, improving and maintaining sensory properties of the products especially during storage as well as achieving to new methods of production of dairy products. This article will briefly review the efficiency of probiotic microencapsulation, and the factors affecting microencapsulation effectiveness of probiotics.

Viability of probiotic microorganisms in the final product is the most important qualitative parameter which is affected by many factors, including type of starter calture, pH, acidity, redox potential, incubation temperature and refrigerating temperature and time. In this study, the combined effects of three important factors including; type of starter calture, incubation temperature and final pH of fermentation on viability of two probiotic species; Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis and also the biochemical and sensory characteristics of their product, doogh, were investigated.

Different treatments of probiotic Doogh were prepared with yoghurt starter culture and two probiotic strains; Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 (A) and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 (B) using reconstituted skim milk powder with 6% of nonfat solid milk by incubating at 38°C or 44°C until pH 4.0 or 4.5 and keeping in 4°C or 8°C storage temperature for 21 days. The count of probiotic bacteria and biochemical characteristics were performed during fermentation and over the refrigerating period. The sensory attributes of treatments were determined at the end of fermentation and refrigeration.

In general, the greatest drop in mean pH rate, increase in mean acidity rate, increase in mean redox potential rate and shortest incubation time were observed in treatments with incubation in 44°C and final pH of 4.5. Among the selected treatments regarding the taste acceptance, ABY3-38-4.5 treatment revealed the greatest viability of the two probiotic bacteria in both storage temperature of 4°C and 8°C. After 21 days of refrigeration, ABY1-38°C-4.0 and ABY2-38°C-4.0 achieved the highest and lowest total acceptance scores, respectively.

All of the variables in this research significantly affected the qualitative properties of probiotic yogurt. Either the fermentation temperature of 38°C (in spite of need for prolonged fermentation) or the final pH of 4.5 resulted in increased viability of the probiotics, although the final pH of 4 resulted in better sensory evaluation.

Public health promoting behaviors and lifestyle are quite important in adolescents and young adults. The present study aimed to translate and assess the validity and reliability of the health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire using factor analysis. In a descriptive study، 365 students at the Hamedan University of Medical Sciences were recruited by multistage randomized sampling method. The alpha Cronbach coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the validity and internal consistency of the health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire which has 40 questions. Confirmatory factor analysis fit 6-factor structure was confirmed (RMSEA=0. 05، CFI=0. 94، x2 = 1989. 10، df=410، p<0. 001). For all factors except social support، the Alpha Cronbach''s coefficient was in agreement range of equal or above 0. 74. ‍ The Persian version of the health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire can be used as a valid and reliable tool for investigating health behaviors in adolescents and young adults and specially medical students

Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, increases the quality of perioperative sedation and analgesia with a few side effects. This study was designed to assess the effect of clonidine premedication on the anesthesics used for elective below knee surgeries in opium abusers and non-abusers. In a randomized clinical trial, 160 patients were selected and assigned into four groups. Eighty patients among the opium abusers were divided randomly into clonidine and no clonidine groups, with 40 patients in each, and 80 among the non-abusers were again divided randomly into clonidine and no clonidine groups, with 40 patients in each group. All were anesthetized for elective orthopedic operation using the same predetermined method. The total administered dose of propofol and other variables were compared. The total propofol dose in a decreasing order was as follows: Abuser patients receiving placebo (862 ± 351 mg), non-abuser patients receiving placebo (806 ± 348 mg), abuser patients receiving clonidine (472 ± 175 mg), and non-abuser patients receiving clonidine (448 ± 160 mg). Hence, a statistically significant difference was observed among the four study groups (P value for ANOVA = 0.0001). Adding clonidine as a preoperative medication decreases the patient’s anesthetic needs; this decrease was even more considerable on the anesthetic needs than the effect of opium abuse history on anesthetic dose.

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the main causes of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as prostatitis and epididymitis in men and cervicitis, endometriosis, vaginitis and ureogenital tract infections in women. Serological tests with sensitivities related to specific antigens are commonly used as routine laboratory tests for diagnosis of Chlamydia. In this research the Chlamydia Major Outer Membrane Protein gene was coloned in order to prepare a specific recombinant protein for use in the ELISA diagnostic kit. DNA was extracted from cultured C. tachomatis. PCR reaction was carried out and the resulting PCR product was cloned into the pGemex-1 expression vector and induced by IPTG (Isopropyl b-D-Thiogalactopyrano side). Recombinant protein was confirmed by gel diffusion, dot blot and western blot, using patients serum. The use of recombinant protein for diagnosis of Chlamydia by ELISA is therefore recommended.