فهرست مطالب mehran mortazavi

Zinc can modulate fast-excitatory transmission, facilitate the release of amino butyric acid and potentiate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. There are also emerging evidences discussing the implication of these neurotransmitters in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Zn sulfate as an add-on therapy in the treatment of schizophrenia in a 6-week, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Patients and Eligible participants were 30 inpatients with schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria. Patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups; one group of patients received risperidone 6 mg/day plus capsules of Zn sulfate (each containing 50 mg elemental Zn) three times a day and another group received risperidone 6 mg/day plus placebo. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to assess the psychotic symptoms and aggression risk at baseline, week 2, 4, and 6 of the study. The results of this study showed that both protocols significantly decreased the scores on all subscales of the PANSS and supplemental aggression risk subscale as well as PANSS total score over the study. However, this improvement was significantly higher in Zn sulfate receiving group compared to the placebo group. No major clinical side-effects were detected. It may be concluded that Zn is an effective adjuvant agent in the management of patients with schizophrenia.

Background and The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of psychiatric diagnoses assigned by different consultation providers and to assess the demographic characteristics of patients in a general hospital. Six hundred patients، who received psychiatric consultation، were studied. Ïn total 40992 patients were admitted for a period of two years from March 2008 to March 2009. Ïn this study، psychiatric consultations were assessed by demographic characteristics of patients، different departments where consultation requested and diagnoses made by chief psychiatric resident of the hospital supervised by psychiatric specialist fellowship. Ëmergency consultations were performed by an assistant psychiatric from Zare Teaching hospital. Ôf those 40992 admitted patients، 600 (295 men and 305 women) patients were received psychiatric consultation. The frequency of referral rate and psychiatric consultation was 0. 9%. The highest referral rate was related to the department of internal medicine (2. 4%) and the lowest was from department of Gynecology and Ürology (0. 1%). Psychological assessment was the most common reason (55. 7 percent) for psychiatric consultation. The most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses were Dlyryum frequency (16%) and major depressive disorder (15%)، respectively. Çonclusion: Çonsidering the relatively high rate of psychiatric consultation in this hospital it seems that more training programs is required for personnel and specialists to learn more about psychiatric diseases and mental disorders.

Hypophosphatasia is a rare inherited disorder characterized by deficient activity of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (found in the bone, liver and kidney) which leads to abnormal bone and tooth mineralization. The symptoms are highly variable in their clinical manifestation, ranging from stillbirth without mineralized bone to early loss of primary teeth without bone symptoms. The diagnosis is based on low levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and increased serum or urine concentrations of phosphoethanolamine, pyridoxal 5’-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate. Six clinical forms of Hypophosphatasia are currently recognized: prenatal (lethal), prenatal benign, infantile, childhood, adult and odontohypophosphatasia. Case report: A 27-month-old girl was referred to the Paediatric Dentistry Department of Shiraz Dental School with chief complaint of spontaneous loosening and shedding of anterior deciduous teeth. In clinical examination, it was noticed that, teeth number 61, 62, 71, 72 and 81 were absent. There was no sign of gingival inflammation. According to the height and weight curves, growth of patient was below the normal rate. About 1 year delay in the date of her standing or walking capability was recorded in the patient’s medical history. Also there was a history of foot pain and early fatigue. CBC, serum alkaline phosphatase and urine phosphoethanolamine tests were requested for the patient. Results showed decreased serum alkaline phosphatase and increased urine phosphoethanolamine. In histological survey of exfoliated teeth, the absence of cementum on root surfaces was detected. Also, the patient’s physician reported skeletal deformities and defective mineralization in her hands and feet.

According to high prevalence of caries in occlusal surfaces of teeth in children and adolescents, use of fissure sealant materials has been recommended for many years. In sealant-therapy, improvement of adhesion and ease of handling is important and noticeable particularly impossible isolation situation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of self- etching primer (SE Primer) conditioner and saliva contamination on microleakage of RMGI as sealant. Methods & Materials: In this in vitro and experimental study, 160 human maxillary sound extracted premolars were selected and randomly divided randomly to 8 groups with 20 teeth in each group. Then sealant was applied on them using the following techniques: 1) Conditioner, Primer + RMGI - 2) Conditioner + RMGI - 3) Conditioner, Saliva + RMGI - 4) Conditioner, Saliva, Primer + RMGI - 5) RMGI alone- 6) Saliva, Primer + RMGI - 7) Primer + RMGI - 8) Saliva+ RMGI. After thermocycling (500 cycles) and immersion in %0.5 basic fushion, the teeth were sectioned and evaluated for dye penetration by stereomicroscope (x12) (0-4 scale). Statistically analysis was done by nonparametric test (Kruskal - Wallis). The results showed that the microleakage is significantly increased by saliva contamination. As well using conditioner or primer alone, has significant effect on reducing microleakage of RMGI, but simultaneous use of primer and conditioner in a situation without saliva contamination can increase microleakage. With Saliva contamination, using the primer can reduce micorleakge. On the base of this study, using the acidic primer prior to applying RMGI on either isolated condition or saliva contamination, can reduce microleakage significantly.