فهرست مطالب mehrangiz amiri

The normal reference values for the thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine and Tc-99m pertechnetate in euthyroid patients vary by geographical location as well as the amount of iodine intake in the diet. The present study examines the normal reference values for thyroid uptake of Tc-99m pertechnetate in the North of Iran.

The participants of this study were 64 patients (all over 20 years of age) who had referred to the Nuclear Medicine Center of the Shahid Beheshti Hospital for thyroid scan over the period between March 2018 and May 2020. It is worth mentioning that relying on laboratory test results, only patients with normal thyroid function were included in this cross-sectional study.

The median, the 5th and 95th percentiles and thyroid uptake range of 99mTc-pertechnetate in euthyroid patients were 0.9, 0.6 to 1.8% and 0.54 - 1.80%, respectively.

The percentage of uptake in the thyroid gland in each geographical area varies based on race and diet content, so it is necessary to determine the percentage of uptake in each specific region and even check it periodically.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of samarium-153-EDTMP (153Sm-EDTMP) on pain relief bone metastases of Breast Cancer (BC) and Prostate Cancer (PC) patients.

Thirty patients aged 40-77 years (62.6±10.2 years) with intractable metastatic bone pain were included in the current study. A checklist of patient information and a standard questionnaire for the assessment of pain and quality of life were completed before and after four and eight week’s palliative treatment with 37 MBq/kg of 153Sm-EDTMP. To analyse the data, parametric and non-parametric tests were used in SPSS software.

Twelve females with BC (40%) and 18 males with PC (60%) were included. Four and eight weeks after palliative treatment of 153Sm-EDTMP, the mean pain score reduction and quality of life were statistically increased compared to before the intervention (P-value < 0.05). Notably, the amount of pain reduction in the fourth week was more than in the eighth week; however, the quality of life was better in the eighth week, without significant variation (P-value <0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant relationship between pain reduction and the type of primary diseases, BC, and PC (P-value >0.05).

The injection of 153Sm-EDTMP had therapeutic efficacy for bone pain palliation in patients with diffuse bone metastases at the end of the 4th and 8th week post-infusion.

Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice, for which surgery is indicated. It may lead to portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Sometimes, BA is related to other congenital anomalies and malformation, while a coexistence of BA with facial hemangioma has not been reported, yet. Infantile hemangioma is a childhood benign vascular tumor. Beta blocker has an effect on hemangioma and esophageal varices.
Case Report: A 30-day-old girl with an infantile hemangioma was referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital. According to intraoperative cholangiography and liver biopsy information, BA was diagnosed. Also, she had a large infantile cutaneous hemangioma on her face. Portal hypertension and esophageal varices were diagnosed in her under observation. So, propranolol was prescribed for her. A year after that, her facial hemangioma was gradually getting better.
association of BA with infantile cutaneous hemangioma is rare and cutaneous hemangioma can be treated by propranolol.

Low dose radiation will induce adaptation and following exposure to an adaptive dose, the cells are more resistance to following challenging doses. This phenomenon is known as radio-adaptive response. The aim of this study was to investigate the percentage of apoptotic cells in the peripheral blood samples of the patients which undergo myocardial perfusion imaging with Tc-99m prior to thallium scan to assess the induction of radio-adaptive response.
97 samples from 74 patients, referred to nuclear medicine center of Mazandaran heart hospital for myocardial perfusion imaging which had no history of diagnostic, therapeutic, occupational and radioactive exposures during past two years, were provided. The participants were classified into four groups including control, technetium, thallium and the last group were the patients that examined by technetium followed by thallium. Then 2 mL Peripheral blood samples were obtained, the samples were studied by neutral comet assay with one-way ANOVA.
The mean percent of apoptotic cells in the groups 2, 3, 4 were more than the controls and the mean percent of apoptotic cells in the patients who examined with 201Tl were more than other groups but the mean percent of apoptotic cells in the group 4 (99mTc before 201Tl) was less than that group 3(just examinated by 201Tl) and this difference was significant statistically.
These findings suggest that exposure to Tc-99m could induce a radio-adaptive response against the exposure of Tl-201.

The adaptive response (AR) is a phenomenon by which cells exposure to sublethal doses of DNA-damaging agents (non-mutagenic dose of chemical or radiation), known as conditioning treatment (CT), leads to increased resistance to a subsequent exposure to a higher dose of the same or other agents, known as challenge treatment (CR). The adaptive response (AR) induced by radiation in human lymphocytes has been reported in a range of 1-20cGy pre-exposure. In this study, we investigated the adaptive response using 5cGy conditioning dose of gamma rays followed by 2 Gy challenging dose in peripheral human lymphocyte cells. Blood samples were taken from 30 female volunteers and this experiment was carried out by delivering 5 cGy gamma radiation followed by 2 Gy of challenging. Consequently, the number of micronuclei (MN) in binuclear lymphocyte cells was counted as an endpoint. The results showed that the mean frequency of micronuclei in binuclear lymphocytes which have received both conditioning and challenge doses are significantly reduced in comparison to those only exposed to 2 Gy (20.46±2.13, 30.2±3.29) (P< 0.01). The results showed the existence of an in vitro adaptive response in lymphocyte cell exposed to low dose of gamma radiations.

Radioactive materials deliver internal radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine. Manual internal radiation dose assessment is a complicated method. Introduction of a simple dose calculation software is the main goal of the present study. Using the best current data in internal dose calculation (S-Factors) recommended by ICRP and by considering other technical methods in Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD), a software was designed using Visual Basic language to calculate the total body, Gonadal as well as the fetal dose in case of pregnancy. The software is PC based and operates under windows 98, Me and XP operating systems. Patient information such as name, age and injected activity (mCi) should be entered into the system. The current software considers Tc-99m for the calculations at present time, but it is also possible to consider other radiopharmaceuticals in the software in future. After defining the source organ, the total body effective dose as well as gonadal and fetus doses can be calculated in a printable manner. This user friendly software can easily and accurately calculate the internal dose. In contrast to available commercial softwares, it can be upgraded by local experts, but MIRD method limitation should also be considered.