metanat najafi

Water is an important carrier for pesticide spraying. Physical and chemical properties of water can affect the quality control indexes and the efficiency of diluted pesticides. So, the study of the water characteristics in different regions of the country is very important. For this purpose, water samples from Mazandaran, Fars, Isfahan, Markazi, Guilan, Qazvin, Kerman (two regions), Khorasan Razavi, Yazd and Tehran provinces were collected. The effects of water hardness, pH and electrical conductivity (ec) on the quality control of two insecticides chlorpyrifos (EC 40.8%) and imidacloprid (SC 35%) as prevalent and highly-consumption formulations in the country were studied. The results of water hardness test showed that water sample from Kerman with 2255 ppm and then the water of Fars with 744 ppm had the highest hardness and sample of water in Guilan region with 60 ppm had the lowest degree of hardness in water tested areas. The emulsion stability of chlorpyrifos in water samples from Qazvin, Guilan and Khorasan Razavi (with low water hardness), showed no creaming, while in provinces which hardness was high, including Kerman, Fars and Yazd, creaming at diluted insecticides were high. The suspensibility of imidacloprid in water samples showed that suspension in water from Kerman, Fars and Yazd samples was unacceptable and suspensions from the other areas were acceptable.

One of the most important factors that affect on the toxic solution is water quality. Water makes up 95 percent or more of the toxic solution. In this study, water samples of Mazandaran Province - Noor, Fars Province - Shiraz, Isfahan Province - Shahin Shahr city, Markazi province - Mamuniyeh City, Gilan Province - Amlash City, Qazvin Province - Farsian region, Kerman Province - Kerman city, Hossein-Abad region and water piping of Shahrak, Khorasan razavi Province – Bakharz region, Chahar tagh village, Yazd Province – Yazd city and Tehran province – Shahriyar city were collected. Three common formulations in the country were studied. The formulations include, WP formulation (Captan fungicide), WG formulation (Tribenuron- methyl herbicide) and SL formulation (Glyphosate herbicide). In laboratory parameters, including water hardness, pH and EC were measured in samples of water collected. Physicochemical parameters of quality control on toxic solution consisting of all water samples and formulations were measured. Water sample, Code W-10 with hardness 2255 ppm has the highest and water sample code W-7 with hardness 60 ppm has the least water hardness.