milad ahmadi

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the readiness of Iranian English language journals of technical and engineering for indexing in international citation databases

This research is applied in term of purpose and descriptive-survey in term of data collection method. The population of study is those Iranian English-language journals in the technical and engineering field which are not indexed in Web of Science and Scopus Databases. The number of these journals is equal to 57.

The findings of the research showed that out of 57 studied journals, only 9 journals did not provide printed or electronic International Standard Serial Number. Also, 61.40 percent (35 cases) of the journals had delays in the publication of the journal issues. All the journals had peer-review process. Regarding policy criteria, 6 journals did not have geographical diversity in term of contributing authors and 2 journals did not have international editorial boards. In terms of access criteria, 8 journals did not have a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for articles and 2 journals did not provide the possibility of getting Endnote output for journal articles, and the rest of the criteria were met by all journals. In terms of position criteria, 14 journals did not have a profile in Google Scholar, and therefore their H-index and received citations were not available.

An important weakness of most engineering journals was the delay in the publication of journal issues. A relatively favorable situation was observed in the rest of the criteria.

Nowadays, due to the increasing complexity, the issue perceived organizational support and the need for organizational citizen behavior has been considered more, while the topic of the organizational indifference is one of the factors that can compromise the competitive position of the organization. Therefore, it is important to consider it. In this research, the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior through the role of organizational indifference as a mediation. has been investigated. This research is practical in terms of purpose and is descriptive-survey and correlation type in terms of nature.

The statistical population is established of employees of Isfahan Steel Tehnika Co., for collecting information on the subject literature, a library method such as books and scientific articles was used and for measuring variables of the model, a standard questionnaire with valid and reliable reliability was used. The sampling method is a randomized, proportional to volume volume. For data typing, the inventory includes descriptive statistics such as mean and for analyzing the data to confirm or reject the research hypotheses, we used inferential statistics and test structural equations and SPSS 22 software and Smart Pls 2.0 were used.

Findings of the research indicate that perceived organizational support influential is effective on organizational citizenship behavior and its dimensions. Also, perceived organizational support indirectly affects on organizational citizenship behavior through the role of organizational indifference as a mediate.

Analyzing the effect of perceived organizational support on organizational citizenship behavior by emphasizing the mediating role of organizational indifference is an important tool for translating employees' voices and considering their wants and needs, which was used for the first time in this study.

Flat foot is a condition with decreased neutral foot arch due to different factors such as muscle weakness. It can cause excessive pronation of subtalar joint in the stance phase of the gait cycle, increasing of external rotation of the femur, apparent changes in lower limbs kinematics and also gait dysfunctions. Various studies showed the effects of the whole-body vibration on the strengthening of knee musculature, especially in a patient with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. None of the study reported the positive impact of whole-body vibration in foot dysfunctions. The current study aimed to evaluate the navicular drop changes in children aged 6-12 years with flexible flat feet.

The current Quasi-Experimental study enrolled 44 children (girls and boys, aged 6-12 years) with a flexible flat foot and divided into two groups of 22 participants. One group received whole-body vibration, and the other group received routine exercise therapy for six weeks. The navicular drop was measured before and immediately after six weeks.

The results showed a significant change in both the groups in the direction of treatment of flat foot (p<0.001). However, the changes were more prominent in whole-body vibration group (47%) than the exercise group (15%) (p<0.001).

These findings show that both the presiders of the whole-body vibration and routine exercise therapy could make significant changes in treatments groups. However, whole-body vibration could be more efficient than the exercise therapy. Further studies in this field are recommended using higher number of samples and different age groups.

  The resistance of temporal lobe epilepsy to classic drugs is thought to be due to disruption in the excitation/inhibition of this pathway. Two chloride transporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, are expressed differently for the excitatory state of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA). The present study explored the effect of bumetanide as a selective NKCC1 inhibitor either alone or in combination with the phenobarbital in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. An animal model of Status Epilepticus (SE) was induced with pilocarpine in Wistar male rats followed by phenobarbital and or bumetanide or saline administration for 45 days after the induction of SE by Intraperitoneal (IP) injection. The rats were monitored, their behavior was recorded, and after 24 hours they were sacrificed to study the expression of NKCC1 and KCC2 using real time PCR. The data showed that the effects of a combination of bumetanide with phenobarbital on frequency rate and duration of seizure attack were more than those of the phenobarbital alone. In addition, in the bumetanide and combined treatment groups, NKCC1 expression decreased significantly, compared with untreated epileptic animals. A delayed decrement in NKCC1/KCC2 expression ratio after bumetanide application was also observed. The combination of bumetanide with phenobarbital increases the inhibition of SE and maximizes the potential of GABA signaling pathway, and can be considered as an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with epilepsy

The present study aims at studying the impact of organizational spirituality on improving job performance with intermediate role of ethical leadership among staffs of Sports and Youth Department of Ilam province. Statistical population in this research is staffs of Sports and Youth Department of Ilam province which are 302 people. Sample size consists of 168 people and their questioners were analyzed using Morgan table. Data gathering tools were Miliman et.al’s organizational spirituality (2003); Goodman and Soyantek,s job performance (1999) and Dehagh and Den Hartog’s ethical leadership (2003) standardized questioners. The present research is practical in terms of purpose and it is descriptive Survey in terms of data gathering. Studied model has been analyzed using modeling of structural equations and Lizrel software. Results show that organizational spirituality has significant positive impact on job performance; meanwhile ethical leadership has an intermediate role in this relationship.

Aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning has a high mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of lipid emulsion (ILE) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in the treatment of aluminum poisoning in the rat model. This experimental study was conducted on thirty-three rats. Six rats in the control group were given oral corn oil and twenty-seven rats in the other groups were orally poisoned using ALP dissolved in corn oil (Control group, ALP group, ALP-NAC group, ALP-ILE group). All the rats were monitored for hemodynamics and ECG parameters. Mixed ANOVA analysis was applied to compare means across groups. Actuarial life table analysis was applied to compare the survival rate of rats. In terms of hemodynamics, ALP group had a significant difference in means of heart rate (HR) and shock index (SI) compared to the control group (P = 0.04; P = 0.00, respectively). The ALP-ILE group had no significant difference in means SBP, HR and SI compared to control group (p=1.00, p= 0.58, p=1.00, respectively). In ALP-NAC group, there was a significant difference in means HR and SI compared to the control group (p=0.01, p= 0.00, respectively). The ALP-NAC group had no significant differences in means of SBP, HR ,and SI compared to ALP group but the ALP-ILE group had significant differences in means of SBP and SI. Considering ECG in ALP, ALP-NAC and ALP-ILE groups, changes in the PR interval and duration of QT were not significant compared to the control group. In the ALP-NAC and ALP-ILE groups had no significant differences in means of QT and PR interval compared to the ALP group.There was a 45% survival rate in the ALP-ILE group at the end of 3rd day. Lipid peroxidation in the ALP and ALP-ILE groups significantly increased in comparison to the control group. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the ALP-ILE group increased significantly compared to the control group but was significantly lower than those treated with NAC. In this study, two therapeutic strategies were compared in the treatment of ALP-poisoning. NAC with antioxidant properties and ILE with lipophilicity property. ILE due to its different osmolarity with intravascular osmolarity improves hemodynamic changes and compensates for the systemic effects of aluminum phosphide

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial changes of groundwater phosphate concentrations using geostatistical methods based on data from 10 groundwater wells. One of the conventional tools in decision making on the groundwater management is geostatistical method. To evaluate the spatial changes of phosphate concentrations in groundwater, the universal kriging method with cross-validation was used for mapping and estimating groundwater phosphate concentrations in Eyvan Plain, Iran. Phosphate concentration followed a log-normal distribution and demonstrated a moderate spatial dependence according to the nugget ratio (60%). The experimental variogram of groundwater phosphate concentration was best-fitted by a spherical model. Cross-validation errors were within an acceptable level. According to the spatial distribution map, phosphate pollution in the groundwater occurred mostly in the west of the plain because of the phosphate discharge from the industrial effluents.

According to the previous studies, neural pathway of the basolatral amygdala plays an important role in etiology and pathophysiology of depression, anxiety, and aggression. However, the exact role of the basolateral amygdala in anxiety needs to be elucidated. Using social interaction and elevated plus maze tests, the role of AMPA glutamate subreceptors in the basolatral amygdala on aggression and anxiety-like behaviors was investigated.
After anesthesia, two cannulas were implanted in the basolatral amygdala in Wistar rats. After one week recovery, anxiety levels and different forms of aggression were analyzed by elevated plus maze and social interaction tests.
AMPA agonist was administered at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg doses in the basolateral amygdala. Doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg were significantly increased time spent in the open arms and offensive sideway compared to sham group. In addition, activation of AMPA receptor at 1 mg/kg significantly decreased the stay and entrance percentage of open arm and offensive sideway.
Our data indicate that AMPA receptors modulate the signaling in the basolateral amygdala and may affect anxiety and aggression.

The aim of this research is investigate impact of the managerial caution on the operational performance and accounting conservatism. To evaluate operational performance، three criteria are used: Return on Assets (ROA)، Return on Equity (ROE)، and Operating Profit Margin (OPM). Also، in order to measure accounting conservatism، Basu''s model (1997) has been used. The data used include a sample consists of 110 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during the years 2003 to 2012. For data analysis and hypothesis testing، multivariate regression model and the model of pooled data is used. The results of estimating research models suggest that managerial caution has a positive effect on ROA and OPM، and negative effect on accounting conservatism. The research results also attest that between managerial caution and ROE، there is no statistically significant relationship.

Spreading depression is a transient and self-propagating wave of neuronal and glial depolarization, followed by a temporary loss of brain activities. Spreading depression is known by a huge redistribution of ions between extra- and intracellular spaces and spreads at the velocity of 2-3 mm/min in all directions. Investigations indicate the role of spreading depression in several neurological disorders, including migraine with aura, epilepsy, traumatic brain injuries, transient global amnesia, stroke, and spinal cord diseases.
Despite decades of research and hundreds of reports on the mechanism of spreading depression propagation, the exact mechanism of propagation still need to be elucidated. The present study reviews a group of these observations, in order to give some new insights into the complex mechanism of the propagation of spreading depression.

In spite of several decades of research, the technology of neuronal stimulation only in recent years has become the focus of the treatment of different neurological disorders. The potential use of stimulation of the neuronal tissues ranges from the spinal cord to different brain regions as well as to the implantations of cochlear system and bionic eyes. Electrical high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) was developed as an alternative option to treat a few neurological disorders. However, with advancing in surgical procedures, technologies and safeties, the applications of DBS are expanding not only for therapeutic purposes but also for research. Although the exact mechanisms of actions are not fully understood, the outcome of the ongoing research and clinical trials are promising. DBS has been used to treat the essential tremor since 1997, Parkinson’s disease (PD) since 2002 and dystonia since 2003. It has also been used to treat various psychological disorders, including major depression.
Although the therapeutic effect of DBS in PD is well established, in other diseases, such as epilepsy, the outcome is still unclear and ambiguous. This article is a review of the efficacy of DBS in PD, epilepsy as well as in obsessive compulsive disorder.

Spreading depression (SD) is a bio-electrical wave in the central nervous system which propagates through the gray matter and cause several effects, such as neural depolarization and ionic disturbances. This phenomenon plays a role in many neurological disorders, like epilepsy, migraine with aura, brain injury and cerebrovascular disease. The SD excitatory effect of glutamate receptors on the brain seems to be correlated with neural injuries. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of glutamate AMPA subreceptors on spatial memory impairment induced by SD.
DNQX, an AMPA antagonist, was administrated (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally after SD induction (induced by application of 2 M KCl) in juvenile wistar rats (60-80 gr). Retrieval of spatial memory was evaluated by T-maze memory test.
Repetitive weekly induction of SD caused memory impairment after four weeks. Blockade of AMPA receptors with DNQX did not affect the memory impairment caused by SD.
Our data indicate glutamate AMPA subreceptors are not involved in SD-induced memory deficits in juvenile rats.

Spreading depression (SD) is known by transient loss of spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity and changes in ionic, metabolic and hemodynamic characteristics of the brain. It has been shown that repetitive SD produced memory deficits in juvenile rats. Furthermore, the role of Ca2爖ꞝ on induction and propagation of SD was investigated by several scientists. The aim of the present study was to study the role of a Ca2爖ꞝblocker, nifedipine, on memory deficits induced by repetitive SD.
Wistar rats (60-80gr) were divided into 5 groups and nifedipine (1 mg/kg) was administrated weekly for 4 weeks in SD group. SD was also induced weekly for four weeks by KCl (2 M). Retrieval of spatial memory was evaluated by T-maze memory test.
The T-maze test demonstrated that memory was impaired in SD group. The memory retrieval significantly improved by application of nifedipine.
This study suggests the possible role of calcium channels in memory impairments following repetitive SD.

Schizophrenia begins typically in young adulthood (before 25 years old) and about 1% of people are affected during their lifetime. The antipsychotic drugs have several side effects. This study was aimed to investigate the Mozart’s music effect, as a non-invasive treatment, on the schizophrenia.
Rats aged 21-25 days were divided into four groups: control, music-treated, social isolated (SI) and SI music-treatment groups. Animals in the control group, without music exposure and music-treated rats, with music exposure, were housed socially. Animals in the SI group, without music exposure, and SI music-treatment were housed individually for 6 weeks. Music (Mozart’s piano sonata, KV361) was played 24 hours before and during behavioral tests. Social contraction test for each rat was performed. The positive and negative behaviors were scored.
The mean number of negative behaviors, such as pursuit, attack, biting and offensive behaviors, in SI and SI music-treatment increased compared to control and music-treated groups. In addition, biting, up right offensive and treating in SI music-treatment significantly decreased compared to SI group. In addition, the positive behaviors (walking) in SI music-treatment group significantly increased compared to SI group.
These data suggest the potential of music therapy effects of that listening to music maybe improve the pathological effects of social isolation.

The term cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) describes a wave of mass neuronal depolarization linked with ionic distribution and cellular swelling. Glutamate release following cell depolarization in extracellular space is a major event in this phenomenon. The hippocampus is widely accepted to play a pivotal role in memory. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) sub receptor on SD-induced memory deficits in rats.
36 juvenile Wistar rat were used to investigate the role of repetitive SD induction on memory performance by T-Maze test. We have investigated the role of MK-801, a NMDA receptor blocker, on the memory retrieval by the same test.
Behavioral assessments showed that memory retrieval significantly impaired following by the repetitive SD induction. However, application of MK-801 improved the memory deficits induced by the repetitive SD. Our data suggested that NMDA receptors may play a critical role on protection of memory in SD related disorders.

Spreading depression (SD) is a pathophysiological phenomenon, which induced as consequence of ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral injury. SD roles in some clinical disorders, including migraine aura, epilepsy, head injury and transient global amnesia, have been documented. SD is a neural hyperactivity, which slowly spread in the brain, passed through neurons or astrocyte, change blood volume, cell metabolism and distribute cell ionic balance. SD is accompanied by a transient hyperactivity, which continues by neuronal depression and hyperexcitability.
Various investigation on animal and human brains showed enhancement in NMDA, AMPA, GABA as well as serotonin after SD. This review focuses on wide range of investigation on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters after SD.

Spreading depression (SD) is a bioelectrical event in the central nervous system and involves in the pathophysiology of some neurological disorders. In this present study, we indicate enhancement of long-term potentiation of hippocampus tissue in juvenile rats faced to cortical spreading depression repetitively.
Silver recording electrodes as well as a cannula were implanted over the brain of juvenile rats. Repetitive cortical SD events were induced by KCl 3 M weekly injection through the cannula. The brains were removed after 4 weeks. Transverse sections were prepared and incubated in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Single electrical stimulations were applied through a bipolar electrode placed on to the hippocampal Schaffer collaterals. The field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) were elicited by adjusting the intensity of stimulation to 50% of that at which population spikes began to appear.
Repetitive SD enhanced the long-term potentiation in CA1 hippocampal area. The data indicate that repetitive cortical SD in juvenile rats significantly increases the amplitude of the fEPSP form the baseline.
This may clarify the pathophysiology of memory deficit were seen in some neurological disorders in children.

Today herbal therapy has been developed as a non-invasive and less side effect treat for a variety of diseases. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of anise oil on the hippocampal damages followed by generalized seizures.
Anise oil was applied before seizure induction in rats. Anise oil was administered at different doses before induction of seizure attacks.
Anise oil reduced seizure severity and decreased hippocampal injuries in all treated groups.
our findings suggest that anise oil may be a potential therapy in the generalized epilepsy.

The glutamergic receptors affect the synchronization of spike and wave discharges in different animal models of absence seizure. We studied the distribution of a NMDA subtype receptor in CA1 area of the hippocampus.
Expression of NMDA subreceptor R2, the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptor in the brain, was investigated in rats suffering from absence-like seizures.
Rats with absence-like seizures exhibited decreased number of these NMDA subreceptors in the hippocampal formation.
Changes of expression of these receptors in the hippocampus may be involved in cognition deficits in absence epilepsy.