mohamad homayonsepehr

Contemporary Iranian literature, especially poetry, takes on a different color from the constitutional period onwards, and innovation in the presentation of contemporary poetry is the most important literary achievement of this period, which is the first step on the way to modernity and standing against tradition. It is considered the predecessor of Persian literature. This feature can be examined in the fields of language, form, shape and structure, imagination and thought, and content. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method, examines the axes of innovation in the poetry of Abulqasem Lahouti in the constitutional era, who is one of the pioneers of modernity in this period.The findings of this research indicate that by using new and foreign words in Persian poetry, theology increases the range of Persian words and causes the expansion of Iranian vocabulary; In his translations of some poems of Russian poets, he uses a type of literary prose (prose poetry); By increasing and decreasing the stanzas in the four-part format, he opens a way for the emergence of a new poem, and with the changes he creates in the prosody weight, he writes poems in syllabic weight, and in this way, a new design is created. Standing against previous literary traditions, it takes the path of modernity.

Given the importance of recognizing the factors affecting women's democratic political culture, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status and women's social security feeling with their democratic political culture.

In terms of methodology, the present research is of survey type and the data collection tool is a "researcher-made" questionnaire. The study population includes all women in Tehran, 384 of whom were selected as a sample using multi-stage cluster sampling. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS.

Based on the achieved results, it could be argued that the higher the economic and social status of women and social security feeling, the higher the level of democratic political culture on their part. Based on the research hypotheses test, it could be argued that the higher the women evaluate their own mental potential, the higher will their democratic political culture be (r = 495%). The higher the income of women in Tehran, the higher will the democratic political culture of women in Tehran be (r = 325%). The higher the level of education of women in the city, the higher will the democratic political culture of women in Tehran be (r = 503%). As women's employment level improves, so does the democratic political culture of women in Tehran (r = 382%). As level of life security increases, the democratic political culture of women in Tehran increases (r = 503%). As level of financial security increases, the democratic political culture of women in Tehran increases as well (r = 322%) and as moral security of the society increases, the democratic political culture of women in Tehran increases as well (r = 366%).

One of the features of contemporary fiction is the issue of characterization and the use of symbols to convey concepts and themes. One of the outstanding works of contemporary fiction is the book Jai Khali Soluch by Mahmoud Dolatabadi. The issue that can be raised here is the reflection of the political, economic and social developments of this period and the use of characterization and symbols by the author. This research is accomplished by descriptive and analytical method and library data. The findings of the study indicate that the feudalism system governing Iranian agriculture was a method of exploitation and this phenomenon is reflected in the works of this period. One of the developments that took place in the field of agriculture during the second Pahlavi period was the issue of the White Revolution (1341 AD) and the land reforms along it, which were carried out by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. After these changes, a number of writers started creating works known as rural literature, in which they studied these changes and their reflection in the life of the villagers. One of the most famous of these books is “Missing Soluch", in which the symbolic aspects of the mentioned book is investigated in this study.

1. To describe the conditions of Iran's rural society after land reform in the book "Missing Soluch". 2. To study the characterization and symbolic descriptions in contemporary fiction with a case study of the "Missing Soluch" book.

Research questions: 

1. How is the situation of the rural community of Iran after the land reform described in the book “Missing Soluch”? 2. What is the role of personality, characterization and symbolic description in conveying concepts in the book?

The aim of this research is to study the anthropology of food cultural tourism spaces in Urmia city. Today, tourism as an industry and a social, economic and cultural activity requires that cultural spaces and even tourists themselves be studied and analyzed from an anthropological point of view. Identifying the anthropological aspects and factors related to this issue will make the planning and development of the cultural tourism industry successful. Food as a cultural phenomenon is a mediator that connects a wide range of cultural studies. Cultural tourism activity for survival and sustainable interaction needs to know all the anthropological aspects of cultural tourism spaces that are visited as tourist destinations. The research is ethnographic and qualitative. Participatory observation and interview were used to collect data. The results of the research showed that Urmia city, with its green nature and great variety of plants, along with the rich local culture and knowledge of the Azeri peoples, has a suitable platform and capacity for cultural tourism in the field of food. Paying attention and understanding the anthropological aspects of the cultural tourism spaces of Urmia city will be an effective factor in the prosperity of tourism and cultural exchanges.