فهرست مطالب mohammad fararoei

Accidents are the most frequent reason for admission to hospitals and the second most common cause of mortality. Accident-related injuries can cause severe financial loss in communities. Understanding the causes and prevalence of accidents is necessary to prevent such losses.

The objective of the present study was to reveal the causes of accidents leading to admission to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital, the referral and educational hospital of the Kohkilooyeh and Boyerahmad provinces in Yasuj.

The present research was a cross-sectional study of the information of 583 patients who were admitted to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital due to accidents. Data were extracted from the medical records of patients admitted to the emergency ward of the hospital during the calendar year March, 2011 to March, 2012. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 19.

Among the 583 patients admitted to the emergency ward due to accidents, 396 (68%) were male and 187 (32%) were female, with a mean age of 28 years (25 - 55 years). 257 patients (44.1%) were admitted to the emergency ward from 6 pm to 12 pm and Wednesday with 97 cases (17.7%). Only 176 patients (31.2%) used insurance services during hospitalization. The most common causes of accidents leading to admission were traffic accidents (66.4%), falls and collisions (29.06%), and fights (2.17%). The average hospital fee was 630,253 rails.

The findings of the present study show that patients 24 - 44 years of age were the most likely to experience accidents such as traffic accidents, falls, and fights which inflict irreversible damage on communities and families and cause financial and mental suffering due to the loss of man power. Most of these accidents could be prevented by improvements in public training, driver’s education, modification of areas where accidents frequently occur, and enforcement of safety measures.

Benzo(a)pyren is an indicator of carcinogenic PAHs and enters the body through the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. This compound causes lung, kidney, and skin, cancers. In this study, the concentrations of PM10 and 16 PAHs compounds were measured in the particle phase in an urban and a suburban area of Shiraz and the carcinogenic risk of respiratory exposure to PAHs were assessed.
A total of 60 samples were collected from Paramont and Sadra during spring 2015 using SKC sampling pump (for 24 h at a flow rate of 10 L/min). Dichloromethane/methanol mixture was used as a solvent. 16 PAHs were identificated using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry.
The mean (±SD) concentrations of PM10 were 62.73±23.83 and 60.88±31.03 μg/m3 in the urban (Paramont) and suburban (Sadra) stations, respectively, which exceeded the PM10 emission limit value of the Europe Commission (50 μg/m3). Also, the mean concentrations (±SD) of the total PM10-bound PAHs were 19.28±7.48 ng/m3 and 17.80±9.17 ng/m3 in Paramont and Sadra stations, respectively. Besides, the BaPeq was 1.307 in Paramont and 0.814 in Sadra station. Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) values for children below 10 years of age demonstrated the risk of cancer for this age group in both areas.
this study presented the value of PM10 and PAHs concentration in two sampling sites. The PM10 values were higher than Europe Commission and the PAHs concentrations could increase the potential risk of cancer among the children below 10 years old in both sampling areas.

Water is one of the essential requirements of life and one of the efficient natural materials which is vital for the human life and civilization. Therefore, awareness of its quality is essential for any consumer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the microbial and chemical quality of drinking water of the rural areas of central Boyer Ahmad district, Iran. This study was conducted in the rural areas of the central parts of Boyer Ahmad district, Iran in 2010. 79 samples for microbial evaluation and 21 samples for chemical evaluation were assessed. The evaluation analysis revealed that all of the chemical parameter concentration (except residual chloride and fluoride) and the microbial parameters (fecal coliforms) were in standard range, but 24% of the measured microbial cases contained coliform. The quantity and acceptable quality of drinking water is one of the most important issues that consumers are faced with. On the other hand, as the population grows, so does the industry and agricultural production, which over time it will become a serious problem and needs to be seriously dealt with. Regarding that most of the discrepancy is in the amount of water chlorination, thus it can be an indication of inappropriate water management and their ignorance toward drinking water chlorination. Improving water resources is essential to prevent water pollutions to other coliforms as well as developing drinking water standards for the exploitation of water resources.