mohammad hassan amini

The present research aimed to predict resiliency based on childhood trauma, psychological distress, and difficulty in emotion regulation in individuals with substance use.

The present research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with substance use under treatment in addiction treatment clinics and private and public maintenance camps in the city of Tabriz in 2022. Among them, 384 people were selected according to the inclusion criteria using the convenience sampling method. The tools used in this research included the childhood trauma questionnaire, the psychological distress scale, the resilience questionnaire, and the emotion regulation difficulty scale.

The results showed that childhood trauma, psychological distress, and difficulty in emotional regulation were significantly and negatively correlated with resiliency. The regression results also indicated that childhood trauma, psychological distress, and difficulty in emotional regulation simultaneously explained 34% of the variance of resilience.

The results of the current research emphasize the roles of childhood trauma, psychological distress, and emotional regulation difficulty in the level of resiliency in substance users. These variables can be regarded as causal and preserving factors in substance use.

Particulate matter is one of the main air pollutants, especially in developing countries. Due to their small diameter, some of these particles are absorbed by the body and eventually entered the human circulatory or respiratory system. Since incomplete combustion of fuels are the main source of particulate matter, car occupants are particularly exposed to this pollution, especially in large city traffic. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the commercial filters in various vehicles in terms of the absorption of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5). Then polyacrylonitrile nanofiber and its composite with nano-chitosan were used to improve the ability to remove suspended particles by these filters .

First, a system was designed and built in the laboratory to measure the adsorption efficiency of PM2.5 and the pressure drop of filters. Then, six samples of various commercial cabin air filters and engine air filters were prepared and their PM2.5 adsorption was measured. The polymeric and composite nanofiber filters were made and their efficiency was investigated and finally, the results were compared.

For commercial engine air filters, the PM 2.5 adsorption was equal to zero and the absorption by cabin air filters was measured in the range of 5-8.33%. The adsorption was measured respectively 97 and 95% by polyacrylonitrile nanofiber and polyacrylonitrile composite nanofiber filter with nanochitosan .

 This study showed that the car filters were not able to remove PM2.5 but the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber filters were able to remove 95-97% of PM2.5. Therefore, by adding a layer of Nano-fiber introduced in this study to car filters, especially cabin filters, the PM2.5 removal efficiency can be improved, thus clean air is provided for car occupants.

Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are common in some areas of Iran and consider as health problems. Phlebotomus alexandri has been incriminated as a suspected vector for the both form of leishmaniasis.

This study was carried out in 4 western provinces of Iran. Sand flies were collected using sticky traps and light traps from indoor and outdoor resting places. Nested PCR was employed to detect Leishmania parasites among collected sand flies.

Seven hundred and twenty two P. alexandri females were collected and pooled in 179 batches. Results of nested PCR showed, out of 9 samples from East Azerbaijan Province, only one sample was infected by Leishmania infantum. Of 34 individual and pooled samples from Kermanshah Province, only one pooled sample was infected with Leishmania major and among 30 individual and pooled samples in Fars Province, five specimens were infected by L. major, L. infantum, Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica. Furthermore, out of 108 individual and pooled samples from Khuzestan Province, 10 samples showed infection with L. major and L. infantum.

The results of this study showed that P. alexandri is more active in hot zones than in moderate zones and this species may be considered as a permissive species.

Due to the high prevalence of sciatic pain, disability and absence from the workplace, heavy cost of treatment, side effects of medical treatments and surgery in classical medicine, we decided to study a new method of treatment in Iranian medicine sources. Effective, low-cost and low complication medical education. This study is based on the viewpoint of Iranian medicine about physiopathology, etiology, semiology and treatment of diseases, which is a bodily humors medicine. This qualitative study of concept development employed the hybrid model in 3 phases: 1- Theoretical phase; 2- Fieldwork phase; 3- Incorporation. Sciatica is a common and debilitating pain that is not definitive, effective and uncomplicated in classical medicine. However, with regard to physiopathology and etiology, from the perspective of Iranian
medicine, bodily humors and dystemperaments, as well as joint weakness, are caused by decrease of substance in the disease state. Several treatments have been proposed, according to the causes. Based on the teachings of Iranian medicine and according to the results of new research, treatment of sciatica is different based on the causative agent of the disease, and in its various therapeutic
regimens, based on the elimination of the cause of the disease, the dominant bodily humors, modulation of temperament and strengthening of the member. In addition, phlebotomy is one of the treatment methods that is emphasized in most cases for the treatment, and sometimes even to prevent it.