mohammad jafarzadeh

Hepatitis B virus [HBV] infection is one of the most important public health concerns. The present study was conducted to provide a descriptive analysis of detected HBV infection in Ardabil province.

In this retrospective longitudinal study, the hepatitis B surveillance database of Ardabil province was examined from 2014 to 2018. The frequency of hepatitis B virus infections was presented based on age, gender, marital status, place of residence, primary symptoms, and reporting sources. Also, the trend of changes in the number of detected cases over time was investigated using time series analysis.

A total of 817 positive cases with a mean age of 43.1 years were reported. Most of them were male [n=503, 61.5]. The Frequency of identified positive cases decreased over time. Most of the infections were asymptomatic [87.5%]. Almost 90.0% of patients with HBV were married and the majority of the identified patients were resided in urban settings [n=598, 73.2%]. Most diagnostic tests were done voluntarily [n=219, 26.8%] or during prenatal care [n=109, 13.3%]. Most cases were identified and reported by the health network [n=292, 35.7%] and blood transfusion organization [n=190, 23.2%].

Decision-makers of the health sector of the province can use this information as a source for evidence-based decision-making in the effective management of the disease.

Due to the increasing prevalence of COVID-19 and its effects on the sense of taste and smell, we analyzed Blood electrolyte levels and biomarkers in COVID-19 patients who have a sign of anosmia and ageusia in Zanjan, Iran, and its relationship with biochemical blood indicators.

The retrospective study included all hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. We registered laboratory parameters. A questionnaire that validity and reliability have already been confirmed was used to assess anosmia and ageusia. Statistical analysis was evaluated using a bivariate Bayesian logistic regression in the binomial distribution.

A total of 450 COVID-19 patients completed the study (221 females). The mean age of the patients was 56.36±17.34 years. 31.8% and 24.9% of patients reported anosmia and ageusia. There was no significant relationship between anosmia and ageusia with age, gender, place of hospitalization, marriage status, duration of hospitalization, and CT scan (p<0.05). The Male’s platelet was 18.72 lower than the female’s (p=0.002). Male’s C-reactive protein was 4.96 units higher than female (p=0.002). In hospitalized persons for less than four days and people under 39 years of age, CRP levels were lower (P=0.001, P=0.019 respectively). The Levels of lactate dehydrogenase in patients with anosmia were 51.72 units less than in patients without anosmia (p=0.010).

These results suggest that anosmia and ageusia are prevalent symptoms in Iranian COVID-19 patients. More information on serum biomarkers would help us to establish a greater degree of accuracy on this matter.

FSM-16 mesoporous silica modified with metformin (FSM-16-Met) is known as a suitable additive for membrane modification in order to obtain a modified membrane with anti-fouling capability for highly efficient oily wastewater treatment. In this research, the production of polyether sulfone microfiltration membranes was done using an efficient modification process. The modified membrane with FSM-16-Met nanoparticles showed excellent fouling resistance, while maintaining a high net water transfer efficiency of more than 150 kg/m2.h without significant oil infiltration. The optimal modified membrane PES/FSM-16-Met had a high net water flux of 156.07 kg/m2.h and a low contact angle compared with the unmodified membrane (respectively 79.8 and 46.25 for the unmodified and was the modified optimum). Also, the flux recovery ratio is more than 97% and the ability to resist clogging is Rir = 79.58 and Rir = 2.13%, respectively, for unmodified and modified membranes during filtration at different concentrations of oily feed (300 and 500 mg/l). It was one of the features obtained in this study. Overall, this work provides insight into efficient polymer membrane modifications with very low oil cake layer formation on the membrane surface, which shows great potential for industrial-scale oily wastewater treatment in the future.

One of the most important areas of education is religious education. Belief (cognitive), devotional (behavioral) and moral education is a subset of religious education. The realization of religious education in society requires extensive and complex actions and activities of educational actors and custodians. Parents, educators, scholars, elites, the media and the government are among the main custodians and agents of education at the community level. One of the most important and effective factors and custodians of religious education is the Islamic government. This research, in a descriptive-analytical and ijtihad method, has proved the principle of duty of the Islamic government towards the religious education of the society with general evidences and rules, rational and narrative evidences - Quran and narrations. According to the arguments, the Islamic government has a mandatory duty towards the religious education of the society in the obligatory doctrinal, devotional and moral duties of the people, and in non-mandatory duties, it has recommended duties. According to this research, the Islamic government can achieve religious education in the community through a set of managerial actions and continuous activities of planning, organizing, coordinating, leading, controlling and supervising.

A new polyethersulfone (PES) microfiltration (MF) membrane was fabricated via phase inversion method using a melamine-modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF). The wettability and permeability of the membrane were measured using water contact angle and pure water flux (PWF), respectively. By introducing the MOF additive (0.1 wt. %) to the membrane matrix, the performance of the membrane in the separation of the oil-water mixture (different oil concentrations of 300 and 500 mg/L) was enhanced. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) of the modified membrane was significantly increased to 90.76 % compared to that in the bare membrane (20.41 %). Furthermore, the antifouling property was considerably improved.

A three-component reaction between the derivatives of benzyl alcohol, 2-aminophenol, and isocyanide for preparation Benzo[b][1,4]oxazine-2-amine derivatives has been reported. In this reaction, benzaldehyde derivatives were obtained as in situ from benzyl alcohol under oxidation by in urea hydrogen peroxide and magnesium bromide catalyst. This reaction was preferred in High efficiency and easy separation products of the reaction conditions.