mohammad malek mohammadi faradonbeh

Shared leadership is a form of leadership in which all organizational employees have an important role. As a result, the purpose of this research was providing a model for shared leadership in governmental organizations.

This study was cross-sectional from type of descriptiveanalytical. The research population was managers and deputies of governmental organizations of Isfahan city in 2020 year, which according to the Cochran's formula the sample size estimated 214 people who were selected by cluster random sampling method. The research instrument was a 98-item researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by 10 experts after removing 6 items and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method 0.97. After data collected by researcher-made questionnaire were analyzed with using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Smart PLS software.

Findings showed that shared leadership in governmental organizations had eight factors of individual, group, environmental, administrative health, administrative corruption, work ethic, political behavior and Islamic management; So that the factor load of all items and the eight mentioned factors was higher than 0.40, the average variance extracted of the eight factors was higher than 0.50 and the Cronbach's alpha reliability and the combined reliability of the eight factors was higher than 0.80. Also, the model of shared leadership in governmental organizations had a good fit and shared leadership had a direct and significant effect on all eight factors (P<0.05).

The results indicated the existence and effective role of eight factors of individual, group, environmental, administrative health, administrative corruption, work ethic, political behavior and Islamic management on shared leadership. Therefore, in order to improve and promote shared leadership in governmental organizations can provide the ground for improving the eight mentioned factors.

One of the new ideas of leadership that emphasizes the active participation of all employees in different activities, leadership is shared. Leadership feed all employees play an active role and to organizational goals attempted and in the meantime one of the most important determining factors in leadership effectiveness, success in influencing people and managers of successful has the ability to impact both on the and on the upper arms and the Hmpaygan simultaneously be used. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the three dimensions of collective leadership with soft and hard tactics to influence the staff's Esfahan Steel Company.data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire drawn through the ladder of abstraction that validity and reliability was approved.

The method equation modeling, to analyze data and research results show that the dimensions of collective leadership ambiguous task, task cohesion and indoor tactics came in soft and hard, which consists of commitment, consistency there is a positive relationship between resistance and solidarity.