فهرست مطالب mohammad motlagh

Recently, with the expansion of competition between domestic companies and international competitors, a new concept called the image of the country of product destination has attracted the attention of researchers. It is believed that the image of the country of destination of the product can, like the country of origin of the product, influence consumers' purchasing decisions. The present study, by conducting an online experimental design, examines the effect of country of product selling destination image on the purchasing decisions of domestic consumers in purchasing three products: porcelain, faucets, and office furniture. The results of the study on three different groups of experiments (with a total of 154 usable questionnaires) showed that the image of the country of product export's destination affects the perceived quality of product and willingness to buy it. But this effect is not the same at different prices. The results showed that in all three types of products when the price level of the product is average, the positive image of the country of destination has a positive effect on the perceived quality and willingness to buy the product. The findings of this study can help manufacturers and owners of domestic brands to improve consumer perception of the quality of domestic products and gradually eliminate negative stereotypes about them. .

This article describes the trend of Iran’s TFR and its components, from 1991 to 2011, in a multivariate analysis based on the variables such as residence, education level, employment status and the amenities condition. Since in this period of time, Iran experienced one of the rapidest fertility transition in the world, applying the new method such as the multivariate analysis of Iran’s fertility rates could provide a more profound understanding of the mechanism of changes in this considerable time span of Iranian fertility transition.
The raw data from the 2011 population and housing census 2% file is used in this study and the four quinquennial fertility changes, 1991-1996,1996-2001, 2001-2006 & 2006-2011, have been investigated by regarding the socioeconomic variables. The results represent as fertility rates decreased, the effects of socioeconomic variables on explaining the different fertility indicators, including the probability of transition to the next child, had been reduced. In spite of this fact, the parity progression ratios in general and the PPR of having more than one child in particular, are still affected by the socioeconomic variables. Furthermore, the findings could be shown the urban, educated, employed and high-class women were the pioneers of delayed childbearing and the birth spacing.

By the current global obesogenic environment, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming an important health problem in the pediatric age group.. This study aimed to determine the first age-and gender-specific percentiles and upper limit normal limit (ULN) of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) among a nationally-representative sample of children and adolescents in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The second objective was to determine the linear association of obesity indexes and age with serum ALT and AST levels..Patients and This nationwide study was conducted among a representative sample of 4078 students aged 10-18 years, who were selected by multistage random cluster sampling from 27 provinces of Iran. ALT and AST were measured on fresh sera. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as an index of generalized obesity, and waist- to- height ratio (WHtR) as an index of abdominal obesity. The age- and gender-specific percentiles of ALT and AST were constructed, and the 95th percentile of each enzyme was considered as the ULN. Gender-specific linear regression analysis was employed to examine the association of BMI or WHtR with the levels of ALT and AST.. Data of ALT and AST were available for 4078 (2038 girls) and 4150 (2061 girls),respectively. Participants had a mean (SD) age of 14.71 (2.41).The ULN of ALT for boys, girls,and the total individuals were 36.00; 38.00; and, 37.00 U/L, respectively. In both genders,ALT and AST had linear association with age. The association with BMI was significant for ALT in both genders and for AST only in boys, the association of ALT with WHtR was significant in both genders; the corresponding figures were not significant for AST.. The findings of the current study confirmed the current ULN value of 40 U/L commonly used for the pediatric age group. The linear association of indexes for generalized and abdominal obesity with ALT underscores the importance of timely prevention and control of childhood obesity..